showed decisively that the Italian army is now rehabilitated. In this offensive the Italians took 2,600 men, 100 officers, 100 machine guns, and thousands of rifles.

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Another air raid has been made on Venice and other towns on the Venetian plain where, as the despatches say, the peace population is densest and the military objective of the least importance." No serious damage was done.

The Bolshevik troops are reported to have had some successes against the Ukrainians-Ukrainia now claims to be an independent nation, and the Bolsheviki fear it because of its proximity to Rumania, and because a separate peace between Ukrainia and Germany would embarrass the Petrograd plans. The rumored capture of the city of Kiev by the Red Guard is a feat of some importance; Kiev lies on the Dnieper River, has a population of 250,000, was the first Russian capital, and from its antiquity has been called the "Mother of Russian Cities."

VICTORY BREAD

Our allies need wheat. There has been reduced production in Europe, both because of the larger diversion of man-power to the war and because of the partial failure of harvests. As if this were not enough, there has been an elimination of the more distant supply markets because of the destruction of shipping.

Our allies overseas need at least thirty per cent of the wheat we use at home. In order that we may reduce our consumption by that percentage, wholesalers, jobbers, and retailers have been warned by Presidential proclamation to buy and resell to their customers only seventy per cent of the amount of wheat used in 1917, and customers have been warned to reduce their purchases of wheat products to seventy per cent of what they were last year. To emphasize all this President Wilson has also enjoined the observance of Mondays and Wednesdays as wheatless days and of one meal every day as a wheatless meal. In order to provide sufficient cereal food to replace the missing thirty per cent of wheat, there should be, he adds, the substitution of corn, barley, oats, rice, and other products. Bakers are authorized to apply the name "Victory Bread" to all bread they bake which contains twenty per cent or more of wheat flour substitutes and to sell such bread for consumption on "wheatless days.'

The President also directs, by special proclamation, all manufacturers of bread and other bakery products to procure Government licenses. This proclamation covers hotels, restaurants, other public eating-places, and clubs which serve bread or other bakery products of their own baking. The sole exceptions are those concerns or individuals already licensed under the original provisions of the Lever Act and those whose consumption of any flour and meal in the manufacture of such products aggregates less than three barrels a month. These licenses, we expect, will check any extortion in the sale of bread.

23,475,000 RED CROSS MEMBERS

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The latest returns from the American Red Cross Drive of last Christmas indicate a stupendous total Red Cross membership. The figures given in the "Red Cross Bulletin 23,475,000. They seem almost incredible. Taking the country's population as now 106,693,000, this means about twenty-two per cent.

Reports from the territorial, insular, and foreign possessions of the United States have not been included in this tabulation. The unprecedentedly unfavorable weather conditions which prevailed throughout the drive have continued, and even at this late date returns from all the outlying chapters have not yet

been received.

Meanwhile the Red Cross work continually increases not only in extent but also in picturesque features. For instance, it is contributing the necessary articles to supply kitchens and material for serving the population of the Italian village of Spreziano. This village is on the Piave River, and is, of course, in the midst of the danger zone. The inhabitants of Spreziano are mainly engaged in the manufacture of wooden cases for oil and gasoline, a war industry. Why not save them and their industry to the country by transferring them elsewhere? Accordingly the Italian Government decided to move the village population intact to another location. It chose a suburb of Leghorn, quite

across Italy, and will transport thither all the Spreziano workmen, with their families, machines, and tools. It is a satisfaction to feel that our Red Cross is to be represented in the undertaking.

In France, aside from what the American Red Cross is doing for American soldiers there, it is giving or selling where it can-meals at its canteens to about a million French soldiers every month. Major Murphy, who has been directing our Red Cross work in France, says that in the old days the French soldier on leave would come to the junction points where he changed to take his train for home and sometimes would have to stay there twenty-four hours. The buildings, equipped to handle fifty or seventy-five people, would be at times bombarded by four or five thousand. Nor was that the worst. These men direct from the trenches, Major Murphy tells us, were infested with trench vermin, and were cold and wet; after sleeping in the open they got little food and that at an exorbitant price; the result of all was that they arrived home discouraged and possibly diseased. On their return they were bluer and still more discouraged. In co-operation with the French Government, which has borne most of the expense, the American Red Cross has opened a series of canteens where these men are given comfortable quarters where they can eat well, and sit about and sleep well too. The barracks are equipped with shower baths, and while the men are bathing their clothes are put through a process and the vermin killed. Moreover, amusement is provided." When these fellows arrived at our canteens at first," says Major Murphy, "they were so delighted with them that they actually would not go to bed in those bunks at all. They sat around and talked and sang all night, they were so happy." They go back to their homes, we are not surprised to learn, in a different state of mind from that in which they left the trenches.

THE DEATH OF A NOTABLE AMERICAN

In the death of John L. Sullivan, one of the most famous and victorious boxers and prize-fighters that ever lived, this country loses a notable figure. That he was an acquaintance and often a respected friend of many eminent men outside of strictly "sporting circles" is good evidence that he had excellent personal qualities not often associated in the minds of the gentler sort with the rough and often brutal profession of prize-fighting. One of these qualities was honesty. John L. Sullivan was never known to throw a fight that is, to fail to do his best in a contest in order to make money or enable his backers to make money by the odds in the betting. One of his old sporting acquaintances, so the New York "Globe" informs us, tells this story of him:

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Jem Mace, the old English heavyweight, came to me one day, when he (Mace) was on the down grade, and suggested that I arrange a match between him and Sullivan. But Mace made one suggestion, which was that Sullivan should let him stay the four rounds, saying that he could not afford to be put out, even by Sullivan. I put the proposition up to Sullivan, who replied: "If Mace can whip me, let him do it. If I can whip him, so much the better. I will try to knock his block off from the moment I enter the ring until I leave it. I wouldn't meet him on the conditions he names for the Bank of England.”

About twelve years ago, at the age of forty-seven, Sullivan's unrivaled physique became almost hopelessly broken down from drink. He tried moderation, but that did no good, and finally, as the result of a tragic experience, he became a total abstainer. For the last twelve years he has been a public and constant opponent of liquor and the liquor interests.

Two years ago, when he was starting out to deliver a series of temperance lectures, in an interview with a representative of The Outlook he said for publication in these pages: "If I had not quit drinking when I did and gone to farming with my good wife, there would be somewhere in a Boston suburb a modest tombstone with the inscription on it, 'Sacred to the memory of John L. Sullivan.' That is why I am quitting the farm and coming back' to have a go with a bigger champion than I ever was-the champion of champions-John Barleycorn. There is only one way to get the best of John Barleycorn, and that is to run away from him! There are men who say about liquor that they can take it or leave it, but those are the ones who always take it. And in the end it gets them."

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John was a great fighter. During the ten years that he held

the championship of the world he defeated more than two hundred of the picked men of the earth. Until after dissipation had impaired his strength and he was beaten by a younger man, he was never so much as knocked down in the ring. But he never made a finer fight than in his extraordinarily victorious encounter with the rum appetite. And his well-deserved prize was a regained manhood, a renewed good citizenship, and the respect and regard of all who knew him, high and low.

FIREMEN HELPING OUR SOLDIERS

In our picture section this week will be found a photograph of a group of New York City firemen at work making comforts for our soldiers at the front. Some are knitting woolen helmets, one is cutting out paper vests, and another is busily at work at a sewing-machine. The idea of getting these firemen to devote a part of their "off time" to this useful work originated, we are informed, with the Rainbow Division Welfare Association, of 47 East 58th Street, New York City. This Association de votes itself especially to work for the men of that Division, who are, however, representative of many States-twenty-six in allNorth, South, East, and West. The Society's officers give their services to this work without recompense. The Chairman is Mrs. Charles G. Stirling; the Treasurer, Mr. Thomas B. Clarke, Jr., Vice-President of the Harriman National Bank, 527 Fifth Avenue, New York.

This Association has secured the permission of the Government to forward its boxes direct to the Rainbow Division in France. The work in no way conflicts with that of the Red Cross, but is supplementary thereto. A great many soldiers, it is said, still lack the warm knitted helmets and other comforts which this Welfare Association undertakes to supply. One reason for this is that articles of clothing wear out much faster in the trenches than in America. All kinds of personal wear get the hardest kind of service in war time, and it is scarcely possible to send our men an oversupply of garments such as helmets, socks, wristlets, etc. The helmets are specially needed for the drivers of ammunition and supply trains, who drive in open trucks without any wind-shield.

"How long does it take a man to learn to knit?" one of these busy firemen was asked. "About two minutes," was the prompt reply. The man's fingers were deftly plying the needles as he talked. "I used to look at the girls in the subway with wonder," he said, "to see how fast they made their needles go. But it's easy enough if you once get right down to it. See here-I even know the names-purl two, knit two, and so on. We fellows are mighty glad to help the boys at the front in this way. Wish we could do more- -it's only odd moments we can give to it, you know."

The Rainbow Division Welfare Association announces that it will gratefully receive any gifts of wool or money for wool that may be sent to keep the firemen employed in this kindly work for their brothers in France.

A FRENCH GOVERNMENT LOAN ART EXHIBITION

The host of Americans who have for nearly four years been debarred from the possibility of travel in Europe on account of the war will welcome an opportunity to see a representative collection of French paintings. The West has already seen these pictures at the Panama-Pacific Exposition. The French Government now gives Eastern picture lovers an opportunity of seeing the collection. It is to be on exhibition at the Brooklyn (New York) Museum until the middle of March. The collection includes both a retrospective group of pictures-dating from 1870 to 1910-and an exhibition of contemporary worksdating between 1910 and 1915. The first group was selected from the Luxembourg Gallery in Paris. These include pictures by Bastien-Lepage, Besnard (one by this artist is reproduced in our picture section this week), Breton, Cabanel, Degas, Detailles, Harpignies, Henner, Legros, L'Hermitte, Monet, Neuville, Puvis de Chavannes, and others. Five statues by Rodin (we give a picture of one of them in this issue) are also to be seen.

The collection of later French art comprises nearly two hundred pictures, which give an impression of freshness and of varied and unconventional interest. Many of these pictures, it

is stated, were taken from the studios of artists fighting at the front. Historic furniture, porcelains, and tapestries are also included, four magnificent Gobelin tapestries dating from the time of Louis XIV being the most prominent objects in the last-named group. Admission to the exhibition is free (except on Mondays and Tuesdays), but the privilege of seeing it is well worth the cost of an extended trip by any one who admires and wishes to study good modern pictures.

The portrait by Besnard, referred to above and reproduced on another page, is that of a painter by a painter. The subject of the picture is Alphonse Legros, the French painter, etcher, and sculptor, who died in 1911. In Paris he was the intimate friend of Degas, Bracquemond, and Whistler. When the last named in 1863 settled in England, he persuaded Legros to do so too. Legros became Professor of Etching at the South Kensington Museum, and later succeeded Poynter as Professor of Fine Arts at University College, London. He married an Englishwoman and became a citizen of London. By his teaching as well as by his painting he strongly influenced English art. Examples of his work may be seen at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, at the Tate Gallery in London, and at the Luxembourg in Paris. All of his work shows the union of intellect and feeling. This is particularly true of his portraits. Perhaps the finest of them is that of the late George Frederick Watts. The painter of the Legros portrait is Albert Besnard. He is nearly seventy years old, and also lived for a time in London. The portrait of Legros is a good example of Besnard's powers in dealing with the problems of light, and of the peculiar atmosphere in which he likes to envelop his easel pictures. That Besnard is also a psychologist is evident from this picture. He is better known, however, through his works of pure decoration, some of which are fairly exotic in color, reflecting impressions gained from a long sojourn in India.

MEDALS TO OUR MEN

The Senate has passed and the House has favorably reported a bill amending the existing law so as to authorize "the President to present, in the name of the Congress, a Medal of Honor only to each person who, while an officer or enlisted man of the Army, shall hereafter in action involving actual conflict with an enemy distinguish himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty."

The bill provides also for another medal-a Distinguished Service Medal for "exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in a duty of great responsibility or by extraordinary heroism in the line of his [the candidate's] profession." This medal is to be awarded, not by Congress, but by the Commander-in-Chief, the President, on the proper commanding officer's recommendations. For a second act of distinction the President may award a suitable bar in lieu of another medal, and each bar shall entitle the owner to additional pay of $2 a month. Through a retroactive clause, some old soldiers whose names were long since sent in for the Medal of Honor but who did not receive it may yet be cheered by obtaining the new medal. We are glad to learn from Mr. Dent, Chairman of the House Military Affairs Committee, that this bill, as well as the bill giving our soldiers the right to accept foreign decorations, will probably pass the House.

The military man knows a great deal more about what the various rewards for service and bravery should be than do those who sit in editorial chairs. We are certain, however, that we should urge the passage of a law providing for such simple decorations as military commanders at the front may bestow promptly for bravery under fire. The highest, open to any one from private to generalissimo, should be given only by the President, who is the Commander-in-Chief. Others should be given by officers in the field. There is moral value in the sight of a man called out from the ranks to be decorated directly after his deed of gallantry.

Congress should consider the creation of an Honor Commission to be appointed by the President, the Commission to do everything necessary to provide honors and other insignia and to establish regulations for their awarding. Such a Commission would seem to be much more competent than Congress to provide details of plans for such awards. This, however, is not the

opinion of the majority members of the House Committee on Military Affairs.

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RESTLESS GERMANY

OMETIMES in a theater between the acts the spectator sees beneath the curtain the slippered or buskined feet of the actors passing to and fro and hears the noise of the carpenters and scene-shifters. He then knows that the management is preparing for a change of scene, and if he has observed the previous act and is familiar with other dramas he can surmise what the next scene is to be.

To-day, behind the curtain which the German censor cannot keep perfectly closed or sound-proof, there is going on we hardly know what; but we know that when the curtain rises we shall see a different Germany from that of 1914 on which the curtain fell.

Does America's great war drama throw any light on the question, What is taking place behind the curtain? Every true American resents, and ought to resent, a comparison that would seem to put on the same moral plane any American leaders, Federal or Confederate, North or South, with the cruel and rapacious German militarists that have let loose rape, murder, and torture as allies of their armies in Serbia, Belgium, Poland, and northern France. Nevertheless that should not prevent us from learning the lessons of history or seeing certain historic analogies that are entirely consistent with deep moral contrasts. In 1860 a small but influential coterie of Southern politicians conceived the ideal of a new nation founded on slavery, extending from the Ohio River to the Isthmus of Panama and including Cuba. The great majority of the Southern people had no such design and scarcely knew of its existence. But the vituperation of the South by the Garrisonian abolitionists they resented; the futile and foolish raid of John Brown had alarmed them; half a century of political education had familiarized them with the conception of State sovereignty; and when seventy-five thousand soldiers answered the call of Abraham Lincoln to enforce the laws of the Federal Government in the Southern States the Southern people rose with practical unanimity to protect the sovereignty of those States. The result of their victory would have been the perpetuation of slavery, but the petuation of slavery was not their object. Their greatest leader, Robert E. Lee, had emancipated his slaves before the war began. The expectation of an easy victory over a divided North was not fulfilled; the carefully cultivated fears of a slave insurrec tion were allayed by the loyalty of the slaves to their masters; the illusion that the Negroes preferred the comforts of slavery to the responsibilities of freedom was destroyed by their eager welcome of liberty when it came; the proposal by Mr. Lincoln of compensating emancipation mitigated the animosity of the plain people to him and the cause he represented; and, finally, the dream of a slave empire vanished with a proposal to arm the slaves to fight for their masters, since no one could imagine that slaves would fight to insure their own enslavement. Thus with the end of slavery came the end of the war.

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Is there any analogy between these conditions and those which now exist in Germany? We think there is some analogy, though the conditions are in very fundamental respects widely different.

In a notable essay written before, but published just after, August, 1914, Professor Kuno Francke, of Harvard University, himself a German, described with great clearness the difference in the temperaments of the German and the American. The American desires self-possession; the German, self-expression. The American is willing to accept the responsibilities and inconveniences of self-government for the sake of liberty; the German is willing to forego liberty for the sake of escaping its responsibilities and inconveniences. The American resents interference by a superior authority; the German welcomes such interference because it leaves him free to follow his own impulses. The American wishes to steer and to paddle his own canoe; the German wishes to be one of the crew to row and go as the helmsman chooses. The American wishes to govern himself, even if he does it badly; the German wishes to be governed.

And in the main the German has been well governed. The Hohenzollerns made no such mess of government in the nine

teenth century as the Bourbons of France did in the eighteenth century. The German cities have been clean, the German roads well built, their forests well cared for, their fields well cultivated, their taxes regularly collected and fairly well expended— heavier on the poor than on the rich, but the poor are used to that. There have been poor, but they have been taken care of by their paternal Government, and there has been very little pauperism. What more could the people wish? Liberty?

Yes. But the Germans do not care for liberty. America has had its Washington and its Lincoln, England its Cromwell and its Hampden, France its Lafayette and its Gambetta, Hungary its Kossuth, and Russia its hundreds of Siberian exiles who have laid down their lives in the sacred cause of freedom. But it would not be easy to name a single German patriot who has suffered any more serious inconvenience than exile to America that he might win for his country or for himself that right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness for which every true American would willingly give all that he has yes, and life itself if need be.

The plain people of Germany--the peasant farmers, small shopkeepers, stevedores on the dock, artisans in the factoryknew nothing and cared nothing for the dream of world domination. They were well housed, fed, and clad, as their fathers had been. This was enough. When they were told that the enemies of Germany had formed a conspiracy to destroy her, they believed it; when they were bid arm for the defense of their Fatherland, they obeyed. Obedience to constituted authority is the German's patriotism and the German's religion. Their first disappointment did not weaken the loyalty of the plain people of Germany. When the wounded came from inconclusive battlefields, when the war dragged on into the second year, when their own rations began to be shortened and mourning for sons was in every home and crape on every door, they attributed their sorrow to England's hate and repaid it with hate more bitter. This much is made clear to the spectator by such observers as Miss Doty, Mr. Curtis, and Mrs. Bullitt. Now the curtain has been lowered. What goes on behind it we cannot know, we can only surmise. But there are signs of a growing discontent in Germany with the German rulers. The material prosperity which the Government gave the people it gives to them no longer. The secrets which the Government kept it can keep no longer. The people are beginning to learn that their army is farther from Paris than it was three years ago; that the Zeppelin raids have accomplished no victories and achieved but slight revenge; that the undersea boats have not starved England; that Russia has thrown off her Czar and become a Republic; that the United States has entered the war; that the French, English, and American leaders have declared that the Allies have no hatred for Germany and no wish to destroy her; that their only wish is to preserve for the rest of the world those principles of democracy which German Socialists have put in their political platforms, but have never shown a willingness to fight for or to suffer for.

There are indications that the fraternizing of the Russian and German troops has done more to weaken the loyalty of the Germans to the autocracy than to weaken the loyalty of the Russians to international democracy, and that the anarchy which the Bolsheviki have fomented is proving a greater peril to Kaiserdom than the autocracy which they have helped to overthrow. The peace programme of the German Democrats and the Russian Bolsheviki-peace without annexations_or indemnities cannot be and ought not to be accepted. The Allies can never return the African colonies to the control of a nation which has shown itself unfit to govern any people, even its own; and the wrongs to Belgium cannot be forgiven until the criminal has made some endeavor toward reparation. But the clamor for peace which grows louder every month is very different from the clamor for domination which sounded from the same stage, though not from the same throats, three

prepared to meet revolution; the Russian Government was unprepared. But there is reason to hope that a decisive defeat of the German army in the field would destroy the weakened faith of the German people in the "predatory Potsdam gang and make of them allies of democracy.

Make haste, America! For on our speed may depend the result of the spring campaign, and on that campaign may depend what goes on behind the curtain. If in that campaign a decisive victory is won over the German military forces in the field, followed by a collapse of the German military power at home, we may see, when the curtain rises again, a new Germany, sobered by calamity and purged of its self-conceit, its ambition for a world empire shattered, its policy of militarism discredited, its philosophy of the supremacy of force overthrown, and its Odin, god of lawless might, dethroned.

mill, much to the excitement of every spectator that was not too sophisticated; but there are some who whenever they are reminded of "Ben Hur" will think of that star theme first. It consisted of a series of blossoming chords, chords that expanded, chords that grew in circles like the waves from a pebble thrown into the water, chords that descended as they expanded like radiating starlight.

One reason why only a few hearers remember this theme is that most people when they recall music recall a tune, and there was no tune to this. It was not a melody in the popular sense of the term; it was a harmonic theme or motif; and there are a multitude of people who while enjoying harmonies do not know why they enjoy them and cannot carry them in their minds. So the star music in " Ben Hur " served its purpose at the time, but was forgotten except by the few.

Now this star motif is characteristic of Mr. Stillman Kelley's genius, because that genius is distinctively harmonic. His

PROGRESS

In one of G. K. Chesterton's detective stories a man is stationed to watch the entrance to a building. He knows that the criminal must pass through that doorway. He reports that he has seen no one go in or out, and he actually believes that he has reported truly. What happened, however, was that he saw a postman go in and come out; but he never thought of the postman as an individual. He simply ignored the postman because he took him, so to speak, for granted. Of course postmen go in and out of buildings, and nobody pays any attention to them. In this case it was the postman, or the man he took to be a postman, who was in fact the criminal that he was supposed to watch for.

There is one kind of music that is very much like the postman. People take it for granted. They hear it, but they do not listen to it. They would notice its absence, but they do not notice its presence. They may regard it as indispensable, but they would hardly recognize it if they heard it a score of times. They enjoy it, and never realize that that is what they have enjoyed. If it were suddenly stopped in the middle, they might very possibly demand their money back at the box office; and yet because it is not stopped they can tell you nothing about it.

Very possibly more people have heard the music of Edgar Stillman Kelley than have heard the music of any other American-born orchestral composer. Yet it is doubtful whether more than a small fraction of those who have heard his music have really listened to it. That is not because it is not good music. It is good music-very good indeed. That is not because they cannot enjoy his music. On the contrary, the overwhelming majority of those who have heard it have unquestionably enjoyed it. It was good music, and they enjoyed it, but they did not listen to it because while they were hearing it they were very much absorbed in something else. They were looking for the criminal, and so did not notice the postman. The music was not in the center of their attention; it was in what psychologists call the fringe of their consciousness. The majority who have heard Edgar Stillman Kelley's music have heard it while attending the performances of one of the most popular theatrical spectacles ever staged the dramatization of Lew Wallace's Ben Hur." It was Edgar Stillman Kelley who wrote the "incidental music" to that spectacular drama. It was music extraordinarily well adapted to its purpose. It fitted in so well with the drama that most people who attended the performances simply found their interest in the spectacle heightened by the music, their thrills from the drama intensified by the music, and never once gave a thought to the music itself.

Such is the fate of really good incidental music.

Of the many thousands who heard this music to “ Ben Hur,” by far the greatest number could not tell you whether there was any music played when the star shone that the Wise Men saw; but there can be no manner of doubt that in their imagination that star was shining more gloriously because the music that went with the star shone too. There is a musical theme or motif that accompanies the star; and the music radiates. The few who listen to the music will perhaps remember that theme as well as anything in the whole play. They cannot, of course, forget the chariot race, which real horses ran on a sort of tread

His inventiveness is primarily a harmonic inventiveness. And when he discovers a harmonic sequence that he relishes, he likes to foster it, to see it grow and develop, to watch it repeat itself into a pattern, to send it on a journey of exploration among the various keys, and find its way through a series of modulations. It would seem from the internal evidence of his compositions that his musical ideas first occur as chord relations, and that it is out of those chord relations that his melodies grow; that whatever of tunefulness there is in his work is the by-product of his creation of beautiful or striking harmonies.

Among those to whom music is as food and drink there is no inconsiderable proportion to whom the works of a musical composer of this type especially appeal. To such as these, harmonies speak the language of the deepest and profoundest emotions. They acknowledge the melodic loveliness of Gounod's "Ave Maria," or "Meditation," that soaring and ever popular religious song, that hackneyed musical beauty; but they deny to that melody the strength, the power, the profundity which they feel in the Bach Prelude which Gounod degraded into a mere accompaniment to his tune. They acknowledge Wagner's melodic gift; but they know that Wagner's hypnotic power lies in his employment of harmony. They know why Arnold Schoenberg merely excites curiosity, while Claude Debussy enthralls; it is not merely because Schoenberg is a modern German and Debussy a modern Frenchman, but because Schoenberg discards harmony, defies it, flouts it, wants none of it to interfere with the effect of melodic weaving, while Debussy has explored new harmonic regions and brought to them new harmonic wealth. They therefore feel grateful to any composer who comes to them with harmonic ideas of distinctive and original richness.

This is what Edgar Stillman Kelley does. His harmonic ideas are his own. His nearest musical kinsman, on the harmonic side, one might perhaps guess to be his English contemporary, Sir Edward Elgar; but the family resemblance, though sometimes striking, is not very deep. To attempt to analyze the style that makes the man is not always very profitable; and besides it starts a technical discussion (for example, in the case of Stillman Kelley, on the use of the virile chord of the sixth) which is not very interesting except to the professional. It is enough to say that to any one responsive to harmonic appeals, there can hardly be any question that Edgar Stillman Kelley's harmonic personality is quite his own.

These remarks, it might have been well perhaps to state at the beginning, are occasioned by two events-the performance in New York on February 1 of Edgar Stillman Kelley's "New England Symphony," and the very recent publication of his new work, "The Pilgrim's Progress: A Musical Miracle Play,' Opus 37.

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Mr. Kelley's" New England Symphony," his second, has been performed a score of times. It remained, however, for the Philharmonic Orchestra, under the conductorship of Mr. Stransky, to produce it for the first time in New York this mouth. It was written for the Norfolk (Connecticut) Festival, and performed there for the first time anywhere in June, 1913. It bears the outward marks of programme music; but the programme is not very elaborate and is hardly more than a series of titles. It consists of quotations from the log-book of the "Mayflower recording the experiences of the English pioneers who landed