(though he restricts it (improperly) to the shout or noise) which mariners make when they doe any thing together, or when the matter doth call or encourage them." Mariners still retain the same custom, and the noise they make confirms the etymology, viz. hlow-eth, lowth, the third person of the verb hlowan, and whence leoth, a low or lay. For Mr. Tyrwhitt's definition of the word lay, see the quotation from him: the explanation of Somner is more ample and satisfactory. And under lynde in a launde. lenede ich a stounde This retreat, so suited to the genius of a Gray, or a Milton, keep it clean, a task which he performs with great care and is now occupied by a lay-brother, who resides in it merely to success.-Eustace. Italy, vol. iii. c. 10. the memorable distinction of the laity and of the clergy, The progress of the ecclesiastical authority gave birth to which had been unknown to the Greeks and Romans. The former of these appellations comprehended the body of the christian people.-Gibbon. Roman Empire, c. 15. LAY, v. Goth. Lag-yan; A. S. Lec-gan; LAY, n. Dut. Leggen; Ger. Leg-en; Sw. LA'YER. Legga; ponere, to put or place. LA'YING, n. To put or place; literally and LA'YSTALL. metaphorically; literally, when a state of rest is intended. Used with prepositions it is equivalent to the Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9755. Lat. verb Ponere, to put or place, and its com Piers Ploukman, p. 169. And in a lettre wrote he all his sorwe, In manere of a complaint or a lay Unto his faire freshe lady May. Thise olde gentil Bretons in hir dayes Of diuers auentures maden layes, Rimeyed in hire firste Breton tonge; pounds; thus,— To lay or put down; to deposit; to lay or put upon; to impose; to lay or put out, or before, to expose; to lay or put together; to compose; to Id. The Frankeleines Prologue, v. 11,022. lay, put, or place near to; (in apposition;) to put Which layes with hir instruments they songe, Or elles redden hem for hir plesance. He sings of love, and maketh loving layes, Spenser. The Teares of the Muses. Thomson. Summer. or place in their proper places, to dispose: to put or place up, in store, at rest; to repose. It has very numerous consequential applications, which may be inferred from the context of the sentence in which they occur. A layman employed by painters, may be that According to these examples we should rather define the upon which drapery is layed. lay to be a species of serious narrative poctry, of a moderate length, in a simple style and light metre. LAY, adj. LA'IC, adj. LA'Ic, n. LA'ICAL. LA'ITY. Tyrwhill. Chaucer, Introd. Disc. Fr. Lai, lay; It. Laico; Sp. Lego; Dut. Leeck; Ger. Ley. By the Anglo-Saxons, says Junius, lawede man was formerly called laicus, profanus; whence has remained to this day the word lewd; and Tooke affirms that lew'd is the past part. and lay the past tense, and therefore past part. of the A. S. verb Law-an, prodere, to delude, to mislead; and means," misled, led astray, deluded, imposed Hence it was applied upon, betrayed into crror." to LA'YMAN. The common people, the vulgar, from their ignorance, so easily misled; and subsequently, by the arrogance of the clergy, to all not of their order. See the quotation from Gibbon; and LEWD. Lered men & lay, fre & bond of toune. R. Brunne, p. 171. When they saw the boidness of Peter and John, & vnderstode that they were vnlerned men and lay people, they marueyled.-Bible, 1551. Acts, c. 4. If he be of the lay sorte, so ioyneth he himself vnto the false prophetes, to persecute the truth. Tyndall. Workes, p. 189. He enteded to set forth Luther's heresy teching that presthed is no sacrament, but the office of a lay-man or a laywomu appointed by the people to preache. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 442. No wonder though the people grew profane, They should be still frequented with such an unprincipl'd, unedify'd, and laic-rabble, as that the whiff of every new pamphlet should stagger them out of their catechism and Christian walking.-Millon. Of Unlicens'd Printing. Needs must it be, that as laicks, so priests also, of whom men are created, should yeeld their service to the divine will and preordination to the creating of them. Bp. Hall. Honour of the Maried Clergie, b. iii. Conc. A flattering priest (for in all ages the clericall will flatter, as well as the laicall) tolde him that his godlines and virtues justly deserved to have in this world the empire of the world, and in the world to come, to raigne with the sonne of God. Camden. Remaines. Wise Speeches. The laily perceiuing either none, or else verie few to bee remaining at home, entred the cleark's lodgings, and carried away a great deal and many kinds of stuffe. Stow. Edw. I. an. 1295. Mysteries are barr'd from laic eyes. The Romaynes laic sone adoun, he made emty place, And Paull layd hys handes vpon them, and the Holy There dorste no wight hond upon him legge. Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 3935. That I myghte desyre of hym a prosperous iourney and a good waye for vs, yea for vs, for our children & for ye cattell, because of the layinges a wayte. Bible, 1551. 3 Esdras, c. 8. This place of Smythfeelde was at yt daye a laye slowe of all order of fylth.-Fabyan, vol. i. c. 226. The Britains also assembling togither in companies, greatlle annoied the Saxons as they lay there at siege. Holinshed. Historie of England, b. v. c. 9. And because it workes better when any thing seemeth to be gotten from you by question, than if you offer it of yourselfe, you may lay a bait for a question, by showing another visage and countenance, than you are wont. Bacon. Ess. Of Cunning. To some men he seemed too desirous of glory: and indeed that passion, amongst all other, euen of wise men is last layed away.-Savile. Tacitus. Historie, p. 140. In plastering likewise of our fairest houses ouer our heads, we vse to laie first a laine (layer, stratum) or two of white mortar tempered with haire vpon laths. Holinshed. The Description of England, b. ii. c. 12. Sir Walter looked upon it as an uneven lay to stake himself against Sir Amias, a private and single person, though of good birth and courage; yet of no considerable estate. Oldys. Life of Sir Walter Ralegh. The hard gravel, or pebble, at the first laying, will not suffer the grasse to come forth upright. Bacon. Naturall Historie, § 565. Scarce could he footing find in that foule way For many corses, like a great lay-stall, Of murd'red men.-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 6. If he will live, abroad, with his companions, B. Jonson. Every Man in his Humour, Actii. sc. 5. Dryden. Virgil. Eneis, b. vi. Pompey, who then lay about Candavia, hearing of Cæsar's arrival, and being in pain for Dyrrhachium, marched that Rochester. Upon Nothing. way.-Rowe. Lucan, b. v. Arg. These indiscretions lend a handle Gay. The Equivocation. The lay part of his majesty's subjects, or such of the people as are not comprehended under the denomination of clergy, may be divided into three distinct states, the civil, the military, and the maritime.-Blackstone. Com. b. i. c. 12. The whole body of the church [at Sienna] is chequer'd with different lays of white and black marble.-Addison. Italy. For what remains you are to have a layman almost as big as the life, for every figure in particular; a figure of wood, or cork, turning upon joints. Dryden. Du Fresnoy. Art of Painting, § 220. The King of Ava, in revenge of his vassal the King of Tangu, with an armie of 120.000 men, and a fleet of 400 vessels, laid siege to Brito in his strong fort of Siriam. Mickle. Hist. of the Portuguese Empire in Asia. Many trees may be propagated by layers, the evergreens about Bartholomew tide, and other trees about the month of February.-Miller. Gardener's Dictionary. If they do not comply well in the laying of them down, they must be pegged down with a hook or two.-Id. Ib. [Crispin Pass] describes the use of the Maneken or layman for disposing draperies. Walpole. Anecdotes of Painting, vol. v. Engravers. LA'ZAR. LA'ZARD. Some (says Junius) think lazer so used from Lazarus, the LA'ZARET. I bears to Ludrerie, lazaret: LAZARETTO. It. Lazarello; Dut. Lasereisch. A place for lazers, or lepers; for those afflicted with any sort of disease or malady. Better than a lazar or a beggere. Chaucer. Prologue to the Canterbury Tules, v. 242. Before his eyes appear'd, sad, noysom, dark, Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi. Forlorn, a friendless orphan oft to ream, Savage. The Wanderer, c. 5 Did piteous lazards oft attend her door! Id. Epitaph on Mrs. Jones. The same penalty also attends persons escaping from the lazurets, or places wherein quarantine is to be performed. Blackstone, Commentaries, b. iv. c. 13. Thus he [St. Charles Borromeo] founded schools, colleges, and hospitals, built parochial churches, most affectionately attended his flock during a destructive pestilence, erected a lazarello, and served the forsaken victims with his own hands.-Eustace. Italy, vol. iv. c. 1. LAZE, v. LAZINESS. J Dut. Lossigh, remissus, piger, segnis, (Kilian;) probably from the verb Lossen; A. S. Les-an, dimittere, remittere, to dismiss, to remit or relax, Ger. Lassen, remittere animum a labore; to remit or relax the mind from labour, and consequentially to remain inactive or inert. Lazy, adj. Inactive, inert, slow, slothful, sluggish, indolent. To laze,-to be or remain inactive or slothful; to live or spend the time slothfully or sluggishly. That wit, born apt high good to do, Doune. The Doctors. I might have been more exact in new modelling, and could perhaps have given them a turn that would have been more agreeable to some fancies, but my laziness, or my judgment made me think there was no need of that trouble. Glanrill. Ess. Pref. He that takes liberty to laze himself, and dull his spirits for lack of use, shall find the more he sleeps, the more he shall be drowsy; till he become a very slave to his bed, and make sleep his master. Whaleley. Redemption of Time, (1634,) p. 23. (The consideration of our latter end will engage us) not to be lazy and loitering in the dispatch of our onely considerable business concerning eternity.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 14. Shall we keep our hands in our bosome, or stretch ourselves on our beds of laziness, while all the world about us is hard at work, in pursuing the designs of its creation. Id. Ib. Ser. 19. Oh! could I give the vast ideas birth Armstrong. The Art of Preserving Health And first, As soon as laziness will let me, I rise from bed, and down I sit me. LEA. } Dodsley. The Foolman. He fashioneth the clay with the arm, and boweth down A. S. Leag, ley. Somner calls it, island Cassiteris.-Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 56. For thy he thril'd thee with a leaden dart Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. lii. c. 11. There is a great difference, and discernable even to the eye; betwixt the several ores; for instance, of lead, some of which I can show you so like steel, and so unlike common lead-ore, that the workmen upon that account are pleased to call it steel-ore.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 323. From plain or pasture land it is extended to the plain surface of water. See the first quotation from Spenser. Lie lay till I return. Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Pilgrimage, Act iii. sc. 3. As when two warlike brigandines at sea, Though many a load of marle and manure layd, All the forenamed places the said Earle gaue and granted A tuft of daises on a flowery lay Dryden. The Flower and the Leaf. Or where old Cam soft paces o'er the lea Thomson. Castle of Indolence, c. 2. The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, LEAD, n. LE'ADEN. LE'ADY. A. S. Læd; Dut. Loot; Ger. He causeth th' one to rage with golden burning dart, Surrey. Description of the Fickle Affections, &c. LEAF, v. Goth. Lauf; A. S. Leafe; Dut. Loof: Ger. Laub; Sw. Loef. Wachter derives from obsolete Ger. Laub-en, tegere, to cover, whence also Laub, a covered place. Junius, - from the Gr. Leaf is applied to various things, flat and thin; as the leaf of a tree, of a book, of a table, of a door; to a substance beaten flat and thin, as leafgold, leaf-silver. I se it by ensample in sommer time on trees A leaden tower upheaves its heavy head, Alle the leves fallen. LEAD, v. ducere. To go before as guide or con- Turne over the leaf, and chese another tale. Chaucer. The Milleres Prologue, v.3237. Archigallus was thus restored to the kingdome, and learned by due correction that he must turne the leafe, and take out a new lesson, by changing his former trade of Holinshed. The Historie of England, b. il. c. 7. To hys mayne he şeyde, They be the blynde leaders of the blynde. If the blynde This knight is to his chambre ladde anon Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,486. In gouernance hath vndertake.-Id. Ib. b. vii. What supports me, dost thou ask? The conscience, friend, t'have lost them overply'd In liberty's defense, my noble task, Of which all Europe talks from side to side. Content though blind, had I no better guide. Millon. To Cyriac Skinner. So that we may justly impute all that was extraordinary in the valour of Caesar's men, to their long exercise vnder a good leader, in so great a warre.-Hakewill. Apol. b. iv. s. 9. Flaccus selected out of his legions a company of chosen Such a light and mettled dance And by leadmen for the nonce, That turn round like grindle stones.-B. Jonson. Then why, like ill-condition'd children, Blair, Grave. He try'd each art, reprov'd each dull delay, I thank God, I am neither a minister nor a leader of op- Then I no more shall court the verdant bay, Carew. To Master George Sands. She, all as happy as of all the fairest, The island's side. Shakespeare. Pericles, Act v. sc. 1. Of dumps so dull and heauy, The fraud of men were euer so, Since summer first was leafy. Id. Much Adoe about Nothing, Act ii. sc. 3. I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the Like leaves on trees the race of man is found, Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. vi. Dryden. The Flower and the Leaf As from the summit of some desert rock, Of all its honours stript.-Wilkie. The Epigoniad, b. viii. LEAGUE, n. Mason. Isis, a Monologue. Fr. Ligue; It. Lega; Sp. Liga; Low Lat. Liga, a bond, a confederation,-a ligando. (Voss. de Vit. lib. iii. c. 20.) See LIEGE. Furthermore signifying that he dyd consecrate a newe Within his breast, as in a palace, lye P. Fletcher. Upon the Picture of Achmet Stow. Q. Elizuvelh, an. 1590. In me affianc'd, fortify thy breast, Is to preserve their Country; who oppose; 1 LEAGUE, n. Fr. Lieue; It. Lega; Sp. Legua; Lat. Leuca. The most ancient instance of the Lat. word, which Vossius had met with, is in the original of the passage quoted from Ammianus. The true reading of the word is uncertain. Spelman writes it leuca, leuga, leuics, and lega; the etymology is unknown. (See Vossius, de Vit. lib. ii. c. 11, and lib. iii. c. 12.) Also Spelman, in v. Leuca, and Menage, in v. Lieue. The storme was so hedeouse, that in lasse than a day they were driuen a hundred leages fro the place wher they were before.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 81. From the place whence the Romanes advaunced their standerds unto the barbarians fort, it was fourteene leagues, that is to say, one and twentie miles.. Holland. Ammianus, p. 69. That some few leagues should make this change, To man unlearn'd seems mighty strange. LEAM, or A hunter's word, (Skinner). But lyckynge the legges and handes of the man, whiche laye dysmayde, lokinge for deathe [the lion] toke acquaintance of him, and euer after folowed hym, beynge ladde in a small lyam.-Sir T. Elyot. Governour, b. ii. c. 13. My hound then in my lyam, I by the woodman's art LEAN, v. ર A.S. Hlion-an, hlyn-ian; Ger. LEANING, n. and Dut. Lenen; Sw. Laena, recumbere, inclinare, inniti : To press against in an oblique direction; to incline, to recline, to repose; to be out of an upright position; to incline or bend towards, or Prior. Alma, c. 2. have an inclination for. Some traverse many a league of country o'er, LEAGUER, v. See BELEAGUE. Ger. LagLEAGUER, n. Sen; Dut. Laeg-hen; A. $. Lic-yan, to lay; Ger. Lager; Dut. Legher; (Sw. Laeger, from ligga, quatenus commorari notât,Ihre.) A camp; where an army or body of soldiers lay or are laid. A town leaguer'd,— -a town before which an army or host is laid, (sc. to assault or attack it.) When as it was perceiued that their slender ranks were not able to resist the thicke leghers of the enemies, they began to shrinke and looke backe one vpon an other, and so of force were constreined to retire. Holinshed. Historic of England, b. vi. c. 13. That 'tis not strange your laundress in the leaguer Massinger. The Fatal Dowry, Act iii. sc. 1. For know, though I appear less eager, Cotton. To John Bradshaw, Esq. I'm none of those that took Maestrick, Rochester. Upon drinking in a Bowl. LEAK, v. LEAK, n. LEAK, adj. LEAKAGE. To gape or open; and, conseLE'AKY. quentially, to admit or emit, (sc.) any fluid; to admit or let in, to emit, or let, or drop out; to be unable to contain or retain. Seldome chaunseth it, that whoso lyke a foole placeth hymselfe in a leakinge shyppe with such as after, by misfortune, be cast into the sea, doothe scape alyue to lande, and all the reste be drowned.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1386. He by Sithrike's procurement was sent to Flanders in a ship that leaked, and so was drowned. Holinshed. Historie of England, b. vi. c. 19. Fool. Her boat hath a leak, Shakespeare. Lear, Act iii. sc. 6. And fifty sisters water in leke vessels draw. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 5. Gonz. Ile warrent him for drowning, though the ship were no stronger than a nutt-shell, and as leaky as an vnstaunched wench.-Shakespeare. Tempest, Act i. sc. 1. {They found] a cask in one place, and a cask in another;some stay'd against the trees, and leek'd out. Dampier. Voyage, b. ii. pt. iii. c. 6. As, when J. Philips. Cider, b. ii. There is no blab like to the quest'ning fool; And lende vp hys sseld, & harkned hym ynou. R. Gloucester, p. 308. Unto the someres tide ther gan he lende. R. Brunne, p. 18. And in a lande, as Ich lay, lenede Ich & slepte. Piers Ploukman, p. 1. Set me that I maye touche the pillers that the house stande vpon, and that I may leane to them. Bible, 1551. Judges, c. 16. Whereon the queen her weak estate might lean. Drayton. The Barons' Wars, b. iii. Leaning long upon any part maketh it mumme, and, as we call it, asleep.-Bacon. Naturall Historie, § 735. There's not a blessing individuals find, But some way leans and hearkens to the kind. Pope. Essay on Man, Epist. 4. It is this; that faith is not an assent to propositions of any kind, but a recumbency, leaning, resting, rolling upon, adherency to (for they express themselves in these several terms, and others like them) the person of Christ. Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 4. Thus to relieve the wretched was his pride, And ev'n his failings lean'd to virtue's side. Goldsmith. The Deserted Village. The mover being a person in office, was, however, the only indication, that was given of such a leaning. Burke. Letter to T. Burgh, Esq. A. S. Hlan-ian, lan-ian, macerare, marcessere; to be or become or cause to be thin or meagre. And the adjective lean, LEAN, adj. LE'ANNESS. LE'ANY. Thin, meagre, poor; having no flesh or fleshy substance; no wholesome or nutritious substance, or quality. But God wot what that May thought in hire herte, Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9727. They are sped; No drought, no leanenesse that can draw Spenser. Shepheard's Calender. August. Hamilton, Horace, b. i. Epist. 18. (Somner) See JOPE. To move at springs or bounds, as distinguished from the step in walking or running; to jump, to spring, to bound. See the quotation from Brown. Leap-year, (see BISSEXTILE,) q.d. annus saltans, because it leaps over, i. e. exceeds others by one day, (Skinner.) Leaper is in speech a common word. And somme lepte her & there. R. Gloucester, p. 398. He & oth wt hym. that hulde nougt wt treuthe Lopen out in lotchliche forme. Piers Ploukman, p. 18. & [modris] scide with a greet voice, rise, thou upright on thi feet: and he lippide and walkide.-Wielf. Dedis, c. 14. The wif came leping inward at a renne, She sayd, "Alas! youre hors goth to the fenne." Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 4077. And she whiche toke of death no kepe, Anone forth lepte in to the depe-Gower. Cən. A. b. iv. And euen so shal the children of M. More's faythlesse faith, made by the persuation of mã, leap short of the rest which our Sauiour Jesus is rise vnto.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 268. Johan, come out at some windowe and speke with us, and we shall receive you make a teape, in lykewise as ye haue made some of us to leape wt in this yer, yt behoueth you to make this leape.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, c. 378. A man leapeth better with weights in his hands, than without. The cause is, for that the weight, (if it be proportionable,) strengtheneth the sinewes, by contracting them. Bacon. Naturall Historie, § 696. And laughing lope to a tree. Spenser. Shepheard's Calender. April. More famous long agone, than for the salmon's leap For beavers Tivy was. Drayton. Poly-Oltion, s. 6. One Barrow made a leap from a vain and libertine youth, to a preciseness in the highest degree. Bacon. Observations on a Libel. Or whether they move per frontem et quadratum, as Scaliger terins it, upon a square base, the legs of both sides moving together, as frogs and salient animals, which is properly called leaping.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 6. Some late writers vppon hope of reward or to curry fauor, with time and state, haue very vaingloriously recominended vnto endles memory, many land-leapers, bragging cowards, &c.-Slow. Q. Elizabeth, an. 1602. On the flue and twentith daie of Februarie, being Shrouesundaie in the leap yeare, they were solemnlie crowned by the Bishop of Winchester.-Holinshed. Edw. II. an. 1308. With stilts and lope staves that do aptliest wade. Drayton. The Burons' Wars, b. i. Whether the bull or courser be thy care, Let him not leap the cow, nor mount the mare. Dryden. Virgil, Geor. 3. It is a short history of the lover's leap, and is inscribed, An account of the persons male and female, who offered up their vows in the temple of the Pythian Apollo in the fortysixth Olympiad, and leaped from the promontory of Leucate into the Ionian Sea, in order to cure themselves of the passion of love.-Spectator, No. 233. The space of a year is a determinate and well-known period, consisting commonly of 365 days; for, though in bissextile or leap-years it consists properly of 366, yet by the statute 21 Hen. iii. the increasing day in the leap-year, together with the preceding day, shall be accounted for one day only.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 9. LEAP, or LEPE. LE'PEFUL. A. S. Leap, calathus, a basket, hamper or pannier of osiers, (Somner.) In lepes & in coufles so muche vyss hii ssolde hym brynge R. Gloucester, p. 265. Thei token up that, that lefte of relifs sevene leepis. Wiclif. Mark, c. 8. And leeten hym doun in a leap bi the wal. Id. Dedis, c. 9. And bi a wyndow in a leep I was latun doun bi a wal. 1d. 2 Corynth. c. 11. And alle ecten and weren fulfilld and thei token that that was lett of relifis sevene lepfull.-Id. Matthew, c. 15. LEAR. See LERE. LEARN, v. LEARNER. LEARNING. LEARNEDISH. LEARNEDLY. A. S. Læran; Ger. Leren; Dut. Leeren; Sw. Learn; Old English, to lere (qv.); A. S. Leornian: Ger. Lernen, to learn. The Goth. is Laisyan the Ger. have lesen, as well as leren, and lernen; the Goth. Lis-an, and the A. S. Lis-an, and lesan; legere, colligere; to glean, to gather, to collect; Eng. to lease, (sc. corn.) See LEASE, LEASER, ; It admits then of a conjecture that to learn may mean, to gather or take up; (take or teach, qv. and see BETECHE.) To learn, is (by modern usage) only— To take to ourselves, (sc.) the knowledge of any thing; formerly also, to take it to another, to deliver, impart, or communicate it; to teach. To take, accept, or receive (knowledge); to acquire or obtain, gain or procure it. And so heo schulde lerne, with Christenemen to fygte. Take my yocke on you, and learn of me, for I am meke and lowly in herte.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Lerneth to suffren, or so mote I gon, Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 11,090. - Certis I know not other men's witts, what I should aske, or in answere, what I should saie, I am so leude my self, that mockell more lernyng, yet me behoueth. Id.. The Testament of Loue, b. iil. These and a thousand points more dooeth Erasmus by occasion not onely touche, but also in such sorte moste learnedly handle.-Udal, Pref. Besides, the king set in a course so right, Drayton. The Legend of Thomas Cromwell. When I was yet a child, no childish play And yet doth his majesty [King James] distinguish it [magick] from necromancy, witchcraft, and the rest: of all which he hath written largely and most learnedly. Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 11. s. 2. For it is true, the late learners cannot so well take the plie; except it be in some mindes, that have not suffered themselves to fix, but have kept themselves open and prepared, to receive continual amendments,-which is exceed ing rare.-Bacon. Ess. Of Custome. The parts of human learning have reference to the three parts of man's understanding which is the seat of learning; history to his memory, poesy to his imagination, and philosophy to his reason.-Id. Advancement of Learning, b. ii. Thus then to man the voice of Nature spake, Butler. Miscellaneous Thoughts. Stern, rugged nurse; thy rigid lore And from her own she learn'd to melt at others' woe. LEASE, v. Skinner says, To gather or pick up, to collect, to glean, (sc.) that which is loose or scattered. Agrco, that in harvest used to lease: But harvest done to chair work did aspire; Meat, drink, and two pence was her daily hire. Dryden. Theocritus, Idyl. 3. There was no office which a man from England might not have; and I looked upon all who were born here as only in the condition of leasers and gleaners.-Swift. LEASE, v. LE'SSOR. LE'SSEE. LE'ASEHOLD. LEASEHOLDer. LE'ASEMONGER. applied to VOI, II, See LESS, LET. A. S. Les-an, demittere, to demise; Fr. Laisser, to loose, (sc.) from our own possession; to let away or apart, (sc.) into the occupation of another, "to farm let." The noun is A deed or instrument by which any lands or Lessor, lessee, &c. are common legal terms. B. Jonson. To the Memory of Sir Lucius Cary. Shakespeare. Rich. II. Act ii. sc. 1. And as it seemes and is most probable the benchers of this I could begin again to court and praise, An infant Phenix from the former springs, To leash dogs together is to tie or fasten them Leash, n. is applied to the number (3) usually leashed together. Now it is behovely to tellen whiche ben dedly sinnes, that Then should the warlike Harry, like himself Or Cerberus himself pronounce For studying therebie to make everie thing straight and LEASING. Ascham. The Schole-master, b. ii. A. S. Leas, lease; falsus, Piers Plouhman, p. 97. And as a letherne pors. lolled his chèkus. Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3300. Clad with a garmente wouen of camel's heeres, and girded with a lethere girdill.-Udal. Matthew, c. 3. The prices of that commodity [leather] rose to great, high, and unsupportable rates, which caused a proclamation dated from Westminster, June 1, that no manner of person should carry or expo out of the realm any manner of leather, or salt hides, into any strange nation without express licence. Strype. Memorials. Edw. VI. an. 1548. Her lips were, like raw lether, pale and blew. Millon. Comus. Wormius calls this crust a leathery skin.-Grew. Museum. Of wing-worke still presum'de. Warner. Albion's England, b. vii. c. 36, The first said the wine tasted of iron; the other affirmed LEAVE, v. LE'AVER. The A. S. Laf-an :-leof-an, linquere, relinquere ;-Leof-an, luf-an, linquere, vivere; also LE'AVING, n. permittere, concedere. Ger. LEAVELESS. Leib-en, vivere, linquere; facere ut maneat, manere, superesse, relinqui. Sw. So these words are Lef-wa, vivere, linquere. for usages so different:-Live, leve, leave, (see explained; but without any attempt to account LEVE, and BELIEVE), seem to be the same word: -the radical meaning-to stay or remain: thus To live, to stay, to dwell, to remain, to abide; to cause to dwell, or abide; to let, suffer, permit, concede, or allow (any thing) to stay, abide or remain; to omit, to desist, to recede, to relinquish, to resign; to quit, to retire, to forsake, to depart from. (See LEFT.) And the n.Permission, concession, sufferance. AlsoDeparture and further; certain formalities on or previous to departure. Corineus saide, that he nolde nomen asche leue, Id. p. 46. Pees I leeue to ghou, my pees I ghyue to ghou, not as the world ghyueth I ghyue to ghou.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 14. Peace I leue with you, my peace I geae vnto you. Not an the world geueth, geue I vnto you.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Wheras he saith, Leveth the vengeaunce to me, and I shal do it. Chaucer. The Tale of Melibeus. 70. Upon the wardein besily they crie, To yeve hem leve but a litel stound, Within an yle me thought I was, This old Pandion, this king gan wepo Id. Dreame. Id. Legend of Philomene. For as much as this vertue is more estemed of the affeccion of the leauer, than of the greatness of the thyng that is leaft.-Udal. Matthew, c. 19. Leave, ah! leave off, whatever wight thou bee, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 1. Val. Sweet Protheus, no: now let vs take our leave Shakespeare. Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act i. sc. 1. Then let us not think hard One easie prohibition, who enjoy Free leave so large to all things else, and choice Hence with leave Retiring from the popular noise, I seek -Oh Anthony, Forgiue me in thine owne particular, Id. Anthony & Cleopatra, Act iv. sc. 9. The Queen provides companions of her flight, Dryden. Virgil. Encis, b. i. Short was your answer in your usual strain; Troy. Haue I not tarried? The cruel something, unpossess'd, LE/CHER, n. There an be no doubt A lecherous man or woman is a licorous man or Other copies and various lections and words omitted, and corruptions of texts and the like, these you are full of; but no footstep of any solid learning appears in all you have writ. Millon. A Defence of the People of England. This was a great and devout scholar, whose aid Alfred used in his disposition of lectures. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, e. 11. Selden. Illustrations. Corbet. Iter Boreale. These lectures must be read onely in the Tearme tymes: to euery lecturer, or reader, is prouided and allowed by this founder, fiftie pounds of annuall fee or stipend, and a fayre lodging within this his pallace like house." Stow. Of the Vniuersities in England, c. 30. William Rufus was buryed at Winchester in the Cathedral Church, or Monastery of Saynt Swithen, vnder a playne flatte marble stone, before the lectorne in the queere. Id. William Rufus, an. 1099. Some persons opened their mouthes against me, both obliquely in the pulpit, and directly at the court, complaining of my too much indulgence to persons disaffected, and my too much liberty of frequent lecturings within my charge. Bp. Hall. Some Specialities in kis Life. to a particular lust, or desire; (sc.) for sexual in-worthy of such an undertaking, it was to preach Mr. Boyle's tercourse. A lustful, lewd, or libidinous person. So foul lechour was the kyng, that anon in the howse His barons gave him conseile for to take a wyfe. He [John] was of licherous life. Id. p. 35. Ye han herd that it was seid to olde men thou shalt not do leecherie.-Id. Matthew, c. 5. In the year 1704, he [Clarke] was called forth to an office, Lecture, founded by that honourable gentleman, to assert and vindicate the great fundamentals of natural and revealed religion.-Clarke. Life, by Hoadley. He [Tillotson] soon became lecturer at St. Laurence Jury, which he continued till his advancement to the see of Canterbury.-Tillotson. Lije, by Birch. The Lectionary contained all the lessons, which were directed to be read in the course of the year. Warton. Life of Sir T. Pope, p. 337. If the teacher happens to be a man of sense, it must be an unpleasant thing to him to be conscious, while he is lecturing his students, that he is either speaking or reading nonsense, or what is very little better than nonsense. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. v. c. 1. I was informed by an acquaintance, that a certain clergyman in the city was about to resign his lectureship, and that he would probably resign in my favour, if I were carly enough in my application.-Knox. Essays, No. 117. LEDEN. A. S. Lad-en, leden. Tyrwhitt adopts the opinion of Skinner, that leden is a corruption of Latin; and produces from Dante an instance of a similar usage of latino. Lye sup The youngere sone went forth in pilgrimage into a fer countree and there he wastid his goodis: in lyuinge lecher-plies many instances of the A. S. used as an Francis. Horace, b. i. Sat. 6. ously.-Id. Luke, c. 15. At length I'll loath each prostituted grace, Yalden. The Force of Jealousy. Scar'd at thy frown terrific, fly LE'AVEN, v. Fr. Levain; It. Lievito ; LE'AVEN, n. Sp. Levadura; all from the LEAVENING, n. (Lat. Levure, to raise, because LE'AVENOUS. it raises and lifts up the mass or lump, (of dough,) and also renders it lighter. Wiclif renders fermentum, sour dow. To raise, to lighten, (sc. by the intermixture of another ingredient that may cause fermentation;) (met.) to intermix with a substance of less purity; to savour or season, stain, tinge, or imbue. He is the leucin of the breade, Whiche soureth all the paste about.-Gower. Con. A. b. iii. Duke. No more euasion : Shakespeare. Measure for Measure, Act i. sc. 1. A little leauen of new distaste doth commonly soure the whole lumpe of former merites.- Bacon. Hen. VII. p. 136. So thou Posthumus Wilt lay the leuen on all proper men; adjective. "Of bec ledene on Englise wende, be rendered it from a Latin book into an English one;" and others in which ledene is opposed to English. There appears no reason to travel further for the origin of the word. See (however) Jamieson in v. Leed. Leden, it may be added, is They were slouthful to roote out vyce and to plante vertue, applied to the Latin or Roman people, as well as and dryuen into y profounde and depe sleepe of ygnoraunce, to the language. See Lye, and the Gloss. to G. Douglas. of ydylness, of lecherousnesse, and of pryde. It is used, generally, to denote Bible, 1551. Isaiah, c. 56. Notes. The language, or the peculiar language. The smau gilded fly The queinte ring, Thurgh which she understood wel every thing That any foule may in his leden sain, And coude answere him in his leden again, Hath understonden what this faucon seyd. Do's letcher in my sight.-Shakespeare. Lear, Act iv. sc.6. Upon a bearded gote whose rugged heare, Was like the person selfe, whom he did beare: But all too late commeth the lectuarie LECTURE, v. Chaucer. Troil. & Cres. Fr. Lecture, leçon; It. Lettura, lezione; Sp. Lectura, lecion, from Lat. Lectum, past part. of leg-ere, to gather; consequentially, to read, quia qui id facit literas vocesque colligit, ut oratio fiat. A lecture, a reading; a sermon or discourse read; (sc.) to teach, to instruct; to improve. To lecture, to read or speak a sermon or dis- Lectorne, a place for reading, a reading-desk. Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,749. Thereto he was expert in prophesies, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 11. That upon which we lay any thing; a narrow shelf; any thing prominent or projecting, in manner of such shelf, from the main surface; a ridge, a row. Ye sydes were as it were flat borders between the ledges. |