N.

sent out, the limbus (or tip) of the tongue being fixed towards the gums, or bottom of the fore teeth. In the pronouncing of this, the breath is emitted only out of the nose: (in which and in the lips, as B. Jonson remarks, it ringeth somewhat more than the letter M.) They (he adds), (i. e. M and N,) are letters near of kin both with the Latins and us.

NA, i. e. no, (qv.)

'Our corne is stolne, sothly it is na nay, And we han had an yvel fit to day.

Chaucer. The Reve's Tale, v. 4182.

This longe night ther tides me no reste,
But yet na force, all shal be for the beste.-Id. Ib. v.4174.

NAB. In Swed. Nappa, prehendere, to catch, (Lye.) It is of common use in vulgar speech. See NIP.

Nab-cheats, the beggars probably so called their caps or hats, because they caught in them what they obtained by cheating, or false pretences. Hig. That thou art chosen, venerable Clouse, Our King and Sovereign; Monarch o' th' Maunders, Thus we throw up our nab-cheals, first for joy, And then our filches.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Beggars' Bush, Act ii. sc. 1.

NADDE, i. e. nc-had; had not.

And gut was Wyllam's grace thulke day so gode, That he nadde no wounde, war thoru he ssedde an drop blod. R. Gloucester, p. 363. "Alas!" (quod he,) "that I n'adde here a knave, That coude climbe, alas! alas !" (quod he) "For I am blinde."

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 10,212. NA'DIR. Fr. Nadair. In astronomy, an Arabian word (Skinner), signifying the point lying in a direct line-or perpendicularly under our feet, and opposite to the point called the Zenith: though our and other languages may have received the word from the Arabians-as now applied only to astronomy, the old Goth. Nadr is much older than that science among the northern nations. See NEATH.

The nadire of the son is thilke degre yt is opposyte to the degree of the son in the xxiii signe, as thus:-Euery degre of Aries by order is nadire to euery degre of Libra, by order, and Taurus to Scorpion, Gemini to Sagittarius

Chaucer. Of the Astrolabie.

NEVE. Lat. Nævus; Fr. "Neve,-A mote, freckle, or other the like natural mark or blemish on the body," (Cotgrave.)

If he be elegans formarum spectator, he may find many faults in physiognomy, &c., haires, warts, næves, &c. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 558. Besides the outward naves or open faults, there may be inward infirmities.-Id. Ib. p. 559.

Was there no milder way but the small-pox,
The very filthiness of Pandora's box?
So many spots, like neves on Venus' soil.

Dryden. Upon the Death of Lord Hastings. NAG. Dut. Negge; Ger. Nack. As the Lat. Hinnulus was so called-ab hinniendo, so nag from the A.S. Hnegan, to neigh. Generally

An animal that neighs; a horse; usually, a horse of small, handy size.

With them came other folkis of the coutrey, with lytle nagges, charged with brede euyll bakyn, in panyers, and smalle pere wyne in barels.-Berners. Frois. Cron. vol. i. c. 18.

reason, that they are gnawed by contemplative and uncleanly persons. A nail (sc. of iron) he composes of the Dut. Nae, ad, and the A. S. Ecge, an edge. Wachter has no doubt that they are the same word: the nails of man and animals (he observes)-videntur infixa tanquam clavi; and the clavus, he is convinced, received its appellation from that part where it ends in a point, and may be infixed in wood, and this leads him to the Gr. NUTTEIV, pungere, fodicare; to pierce, to dig. It is not improbable that the word itself, nægl-ian, signified,To nail is now, by

To fix or fasten, to infix. usage,

To drive in a nail, to fix or fasten with nails; to cover with nails; (met.) to fix or fasten, to keep or hold close or tight to.

For Jamys the gentil suggeth in hus bokes
That feith with oute fet. [fact] ys febelere than nouht,
And ded as a dore nayle.
Piers Plouhman, p. 22.

And he seide to hem, but I se in hise hondis the fitchyng of the nailis, and putte my fyngir into the place of the nailis, and putte myn hond into hise side, I schal not bileue. Wiclif. Jon, c. 20. And he said unto them: excepte I se in hys hades the prent of the nayles, and put my fynger in ye holes of yo nayles, and thruste my hade into his syde, I wil not beleue. Bible, 1551. Ib.

He is now ded, and nailed in his cheste,
I pray to God to yeve his soule reste.

Chaucer. The Clerkes Prologue, v. 7905.
And som han driven nailes in hir brain,
While that they slepe, and thus they han hem slain.
Id. The Wif of Bathes Tale, v. 6351.

Our Hoste gan to swere as he wer wood;
"Harow!" (quod he) "by nailes and by blood,
This was a false cherl, and a false justice."

Id. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,222. false dissemblers, wherefore by doome of that councell, they In the end being well apposed; they were found to be but were judged to be nailed vnto a crosse.

Holinshed. Hen. III. an. 1222. So that the King, for any thing that he has to do in these matters, may sit and blow his nails; for use them otherwise he cannot.-South, vol. v. Ser. 5.

I have seen several boys, under twenty years of age, who had never exercised any other trade but that of making nails, and who, when they exerted themselves, could make, each of thern upwards of 2300 nails in a day.

Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 1.

He drank, he slept extended on the floor.
She smote the warrior, and he wak'd no more:
Low at her feet he bow'd his nail-pierc'd head.
Fawkes. The Song of Deborah.

q.d. unadorned, undressed. Ihre will furnish others:-perhaps na, not, and eac-an, to add: but the A. S. verb Nac-an, be-nac-an, nud-are, denudare, to strip, to lay bare, seems to render further research unnecessary.

To be bare or without cover: to strip, to lay bare; and the adj. unclothed, uncovered, unprotected; disclosed, exposed; manifest, unhidden, unconcealed.

We schul hem habbe now for nogt, y ne rede no longer abyde, For he beth naked & on y war, & to sprad wyde.

R. Gloucester, p. 156.

I am castelle for gow, toure, hous, & rescette, & ge als naked berd [bride] loken in pauilloun.

For semivivus he semede,

R. Brunne, p. 291. And naked as a neelde. Piers Plouhman, p. 324. And thou woost not that thou art a wrecche, and wreccheful, and pore, and blynde, and nakid.

Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 3.

And knowest not how thou arte wretched, and myserable, poore, blynde, and nakyd.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

I counsell thee to bie of me brent gold, and preued, that thou be maad riche, and be clothid with white clothis, that the confusioun of thi nakidnesse be not seen.

Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 3.

I cousell the to bye of me golde tryed in the fyre, that thou mayste be ryche: and whyte haymente that thou mayste be clothed, that thy filthy nakednes do not appear. Bible, 1551. Ib. And sodeinly His swerde all naked out he braide In his fool hast. Gower. Con. A. b. iil. Hard is it (cosin) in many maner thinges, to bid or forbyd, affirme or denye, reproue or allow, a mater nakedlye proponed & put furth.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1205.

Their nakednes [was] as farre fro dishonesty & al cause of shame as theyr bodies wer far from all filthie tokens of sin. Id. Ib. p. 1274. Lus. Come be ready, nake your swords Think of your wrongs. Tourneur. The Revenger's Tragedy, Act v. So blinds the sharpest counsels of the wise, This overshadowing Providence on high, And dazzleth all their clearest-sighted eyes, That they see not how nakedly they lie.

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. i. Besides (to say truth) nakednesse is uncomely, as well .n mind as in bodie.-Bacon. Ess. Of Simulation.

Not only the death, but the humour of his Prince, or patron, may divest him of all his glories, and send him stripp'd and naked to his long rest.-South, vol. iv. Ser. 2. Is nakedness thy lot? Yet ne'er repine; The vestments of eternity are thine.

NALE.

Harle. The Meditation of Thomas à Kempis. At the nale, i. e. atte nale, from atten See Tyrwhitt.

A lewed man

He coude sompne, up peine of Cristes curse, And they were inly glad to fille his purse, And maken him gret festes at the nale.

NAKE, v. NA'KED. NA'KEDLY.

Pope, Let. 4. To Several Ladies. A. S. Naced, nacod; Dut. Naeckt; Ger. Nackend; Sw. Nakot. In Goth. Nawaths, naquaths. Various are the conjectures of the etymologists. Wachter,-from nah, now, and cenned, born; as children-ab utero

NA'KEDNESS.

Chaucer. The Freres Tale, v. 6931.

NAM, i. e. ne am, or am not.
In swiche estat as God hath cleped us,
I wol persever, I n'am not precious.
Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5730.
NAME, v.
NAME, n.
NA'MELESS.
NAMELY,
NA'MER.

NA'MING, n.

Goth. Namnyan; A. S. Nam-an; Dut. Noemen; Ger. Nennen, anciently Nemmen; Sw. Namna; Fr. Nommer; It. Nominare; Sp. Nominar; Lat. Nominare, nomen; Gr. Ονομα. Ihre and Wachter agree that the origin of this word, common to ancient and modern European languages, is Scythian. The Latin etymologists refer to the Gr., or contract from notamen, or novimen. (See Vossius.) Nomen est (says Ihre) per quod res agnoscuntur,

That (word) by which a thing is known. And

to name,

To speak of, to call by name, or by that word whereby any thing is known; to give, bestow, or confer a name.

Name-sake, a name given to one for the sake of another. Namely, (Spenser,)-nomination.

Four quenes by uore hyr wende, The four kynges wyues, that we by uore nemde. R. Gloucester, p. 190. As thys kyng herecf awoc, and of thys sygte thogte, Hys vyssares come to hym, & so gret won of fyss hym brogte,

That wonder yt was, & namelyche vor the weder was so colde. Id. p. 265. And above ech name that is named, not oonli in this world, but also in the world to comyng.-Wiclif. Effesies, c.1. & aboue al names that are named, not in this worlde only, but also in the world to come.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

And whidir ever he entride into vylagis either into townes, or into citees, thei seitten syke men in streetis, and preyeden him that thei shulden touche namely the hemme of his cloth, and how many that touchiden him weren maad saat-Wiclif. Mark, c. 7.

Which I shal tellen you betwixt us two.
Ye moten nempne him, to what place also,
Or to what contree that you list to ride.

Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,632. I then so stered by al these wayes to forne nempned, declared certain pointes in this wise.

Id. The Testament of Loue, b.i. Who nothinge vndertaketh, and namelie in my seruice, nothinge acheueth.-Id. Ib.

And eke for worship of thy name,
Towardes other do the same:

And suffre euery man baue his.-Gower. Con. A. b. il.

And euer my service I profere,

And namely whan she woll gone offre.-Id. Ib. b. v.

The other two were sōwhat greter parsonages, & natheles of their humilite content to be nameles.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 57. If ther be any that prouideth not for his owne, and namelye for them of his houshold, the same denieth the fayeth, and is worse then an infidell.Bible, 1551. 1Tim. c.5.

Thei carye the myndes of the people from the perceiuyng of theyr crafte, by the contynuall namyng of the name of Christ.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1175.

And whiles the housbonde taried alle thei nappiden and slepten.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 25.

And the perdicioun of hem nappeth not.-Id. 2 Pet. c. 2.
Is ther no man for praiere ne for hire,
That wol awaken our felaw behind?

A thefe him might ful lightly rob and bind. See how he nappelh. Chaucer. The Manciples Prologue, v. 16,958. He slombred, and a nappe he toke.-Id. Rom. of the R. "I am going to S. Thomas of Acres to the sermon, I could not sleepe all the last night, and I am going now thither, I never fayled of a good nap there:" and I had rather ye would goe a napping to the sermons, than not to goe at all.

For he had yeven drinke his gayler so
Of a clarre, made of a certain wine,
With narcolikes and opie of Thebes fine,
That all the night through that men wold him shake
The gailer slept, he mighte not awake.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1474.
Narcoticke medicines, bee those that benum and stupifie
with their coldnesse, as opium, hemlocke, and such like.
Holland. Plinie. Explanation of the Words of Art.
Medicines which they call narcotical, that is to say, such
as benowme and dead the diseased.
Harmar. Translation of Beza, (1587,) p. 421.
things do, that pass for narcotically cold.
Arresting that impetuous motion of the spirits,-as those
Whitelock. Manners of England, p. 222.
Pale, meagre, muse-rid wight! who reads in vain
Narcotic volumes o'er.
Shenstone. Economy.
NARD.
Wyatt. How to use the Court, &c. Nardus; Gr. Napdos.

Latimer. The Sixth Sermon before King Edward.

Why doest thou weare thy body to the bones?
And mightest at home slepe in thy bedde of downe,
And drinke good ale so nappy for the nones.

You are taken napping now.

Beaum. & Fletch. The False One, Act iv. sc. 1. Luc. Faith-and you say the word,-we'll e'n sit down, And take a nap.

Hum. 'Tis better in the town, Where we may nap together.

Id. The Knight of the Burning Pestle, Actii. sc. 1.

But lest it should again be said

When I have once more won thy head,,

I took thee napping, unprepar'd,
Arm, and betake thee to thy guard.-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 3.
And see! delighted, down he drops, secure
Of sweet refreshment, ease without annoy,
Or luscious noon-day nap.

NAP, n.

NA'PERY.

NA'PLESS.

NA'PKIN.

Shenstone. Economy.

A name which every wind to heaven would bear, Which men to speak and angels joy to hear.

What glorie is there. or what lasting fame
Can be to Rome or us? what fuli example,
When one is smother'd with a multitude.
And crowded in amongst a nameless press?

Beaum. & Fletch. Bonduca, Act ii. sc. 1.
Mongst which he namely did to him discourse,
Of former daies mishap, his sorrowes wicked sourse.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 3.

Caermarthen in her colours bore a rod, Whereon an old man lean'd himself to stay, At a star pointing; which of great renown, Was skilful Merlin, namer of that town.

The flat smooth stones that bear a Name
The chisel's slender help to fame,
(Which ere our set of friends decay
Their frequent steps may wear away)
A middle race of mortals own
Men, half ambitious, all unknown.

Parnell. Night-Piece on Death.

Those with the bending ozier bound,
That nameless heave the crumbled ground,
Quick to the glancing thought disclose
Where toil and poverty repose.

Id. Ib.

And thus I have given a brief proof of the certainty of these principles; namely, that there is a supreme Governor of the world; and that there is a future estate of happiness or misery for man after this life.-South, vol. ii. Ser. 1. Judas, that pays the treason-writer's fee, Judas, that well deserves his namesake's tree. Dryden. Absalom & Achitophel. How shall a verse impress thee? by what name Shall I adjure thee not to court thy shame ? By theirs, whose bright example unimpeach'd, Directs thee to that eminence they reach'd, Heroes and worthies of days past, thy sires? Or his, who touch'd their hearts with hallow'd fires? Cowper. Expostulation.

NARCO'TICK, n.

This mich he said of the narracion of his dreame and of the vocation of Daniel to expowne it.

Joye. Exposicion of Danicl, c. 4. Indeuouring thereby to proue, that the opinion of giants is not altogither grounded vpon vaine and fabulous narrations, inuented onlie to delight the eares of the hearers with the report of maruellous things. Holinshed. Description of Brilaine, c. 5. Therefore by this narratiue you now vnderstand the state of the question, whereupon the king prayeth your aduice. Bacon. Hen. VII. p. 53.

Hee is but a narrator of other men's opinions, suspending his owne judgment, sometime peradventure when hee should not have so done.-Mounlagu. App. to Cæsar, c.1.

Now, letters, tho' they be capable of any subject, yet commonly they are either narratory, objurgatory, consolatory, monitory, or congratulatory.-Howell, b. i. s. 1. Let. 1. Chiefs, who no more in bloody fights engage, But wise through time, and narrative with age.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. iif. The words of all judicial acts are written narratively unless it be in sentences wherein dispositive and enacting terms are made use of.-Ayliffe. Parergon.

In the narration of the Poet, it is not material, whether he relate the whole story in his own character, or introduce some of his personages to relate any part of the action, that had passed before the poem opens.-Blair, Lect. 42. Perchance some hackney, hunger-bitten scribler, Insults thy memory, and blots thy tomb

With long flat narrative, or duller rhymes.-Id. Grave. NA'RROW, v. A. S. Narw, nearw, nearwe. NA'RROW, adj. The past part. of nyrwian, NA'RROWLY. coarctare, comprimere, conNA'RROWNESS. trahere, to draw together, to compress, to contract, (Tooke.) See NEAR, and NORTH.

To draw near together, to compress, to contract, to confine, to constrain, to straighten, to tighten. Toward the wode, fram wanne he come, the Brutons gonne to fle,

Ac tho hii come among narwe heggys, hii stode agen anon.
R. Gloucester, p.211.
He bythogte hym wel narwe, gyf ther mygte be eny red,
Thoru wyuynge, other thoru eny thyng. Id. p. 294
Neuertheles at Karham was the bataile gyuen,
The kyng was narow holden, his folk alle to dryuen.
R. Brunne, p. 16,

And of a mirthe I am right now bethought,
To don you ese, and it shall coste you nought.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 770.

And yet as playne as Christ speketh of hell in the gospell, Origene for al that, which neither was a naughty man, nor vnlerned in scripture coulde not clerely se it, but that he said the contrary.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 155.

The authour toucheth one specyal prerogatife that we haue by a prieste bee he neuer so bad, in yt his noughtines can not take from vs the profite of his masse.-Id. Ib. p. 226.

And whom he hits nought knows, and whom he hurts nought cares.-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 4.

Imogen,

Thy mother's dead.

Imo. I am sorry for 't my lord.

Cym. Oh she was naught; and long of her it was That we met heere so strangely.

Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act v. sc. 5.

But the next morning, Pyrrus to win the advantage of fight in the plain field, where he might prevail with the force of elephants, sent first certain of his bands to seize upon the naughty ground they had fought on the day before. North. Plutarch, p. 341. Well, thus did I for want of better wit, Because my parents naughtly brought me vp. Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 297. But after ward like swine they wallowed afresh in their puddles of pollusions, and as dogs licked vp their filthie vomit of corruption and naughtinesse.

Holinshed. Rich. II. an. 1382.

Chlo. Play by yourself, I dare not venture thither:
You and your naughty pipe go hang together.
Dryden. Theocritus, Idyll. 27.

To death ourselves and all our work we owe:
But is there nought, O Muse, can save
Our memories from darkness and the grave,
And some short after-life bestow.

While we single out several dishes and reject others, the selection seems but arbitrary, or upon opinion; for many are commended and cryed up in one age, which are decried and nauseated in another.-Brown. Vulg. Err. b. iii. c. 25. Hunger and thirst with patience will we meet, And what offended nature nauseates, eat.

Rowe. Lucan, b. iii. The light to him is the shadow of death; he has no heart, nor appetite to business; nay, his very food is nauseous to him, and his daily repast no refreshment.

South, vol. iv. Ser. 3.

The sun, that in the marshes breeds
Nothing but nauseous and unwholesome weeds,
With the same rays, on rich and pregnant earth,
To pleasant flowers and useful fruits gives birth.
Walsh. The Power of Verse.

Some venal pens so prostitute the bays,
Their panegyricks lash; their satires praise.
So nauseously, and so unlike, they paint,
N 's an Adonis; M- -r a saint.

Garth. Claremont.
Riches and honours, then, are useless things,
To the ill-judging palate sweet,
But turn at last to nauseousness and gall.

Pomfret. A Prospect of Death.

Temperance itself will take a little [praise], but the stomach sickens with a surfeit of it, and the palate nauseates the debauch.-Observer, No. 3.

I haue greatly wished there were a lecture of navigation read in this citie, for the banishing of our former grosse ignorance in marine causes, and for the increase and generall multiplying of the sea-knowledge of this age, wherein God hath raised so general a desire in the youth of this realme to discover all parts of the face of the earth, to this realme, in former ages, not knowen. Hackluyt. Voyages, Epis. Ded. 3.

Obedience [is] to be used and practised by al persons in their degrees, not only for duetie and conscience sake towards God, under whose merciful hands nauigants above all other creatures naturally be most nigh and vicine, but also for prudent and worldly polisie and public weale. Id. Ib. vol. i. p. 229. The victory of Duilius, as it was honoured at Rome with the first naval triumph that was ever seen in that city, so gave it unto the Romans a great encouragement to proceed in their wars by sea.-Ralegh. Hist. of the World, b.v.c.1.s.7.

Solomon, therefore, needed not to have gone farther off than Ophir in the East to have sped worse: neither could he navigale from the East to the West in those days, whereas he had no coast to have guided him.-Id. Ib. b. i. c. 8. s. 5. Her [the sea's] natiue saltnes, & by reason thereof, her strength for the better supporting of navigable vessells, is still the same. Hakewill. Apologie, b. ii. c. 8. s. 1.

And though the Phenicians and Carthaginians, the Tyrians and Sydonians, are much renowned in histories for great navigatours; yet it is thought by the learned, that those voyages they performed was onely by coasting, and not by crossing the ocean.-Id. Ib. b. iii. c. 9. s. 4.

He elegantly shewed by whom hee was drawne, which depainted the nauticall compasse, with AVT MAGNES, AVT MAGNA.-Camden. Remaines. Impreses.

Thence his broad eye the subject world surveys
The town, and tents, and navigable seas.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. viii.
Nor the heaven-conducted prow
Of navigation bold, that fearless braves
The burning line, or dares the wintry pole.

Thomson. Summer. When by means of it [the mariner's compass] navigalors discover the North and South with so much ease and accufound that at all seasons, and in every place, they could

racy, it became no longer necessary to depend merely on the light of the stars, and the observation of the sea-coast. Robertson. America, vol. i. b. i.

By the transformation of the ships into sea-deities, Virgil would insinuate, I suppose, the great advantages of cultivating a naval power, such as extended commerce, and the dominion of the ocean.-Jorlin, Dis. 6.

NAWL, or A nawl, i.e. an awl; my nawl, NALL. Si.e. mine awl. (See AwL.) Cotton, perhaps, means, "mine alls," all my goods and chattels.

Darest thou drawe out Leuytha with an angle, or bynde his tonge with a snare? Canst thou put a rynge in the nose of him, or bore his chaftes thorow wyth a naule. Bible, 1551. Job, c. 40. Every man shall have a special care of his own soul: And in his pocket carry his two confessors, His Yugel, and his Nawl.

"My lord," quod she, 1 wote, and wist alway,
How that betwixen your magnificence
And my poverte no wight ne can ne may
Making comparison, it is no nay."

Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8693,

He said nother naye ne ye.

But helde hym stille, and lete hir chide.

Gower. Con. 4. b. lll. And without all naye sayinge, he which is lesse receaueth blessing of him which is greater.-Bible, 1551. Hebrues, c.7. Her. But Ill'd say he had not, And Ille be sworne you would beleeue my saying, Howe're you leane to th' nay-ward.

Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act ii. sc. 2. If I do not gull him into a nayword, and make him a common recreation, do not thinke I haue witte enough to lye straight in my bed.-Id. Twelfth Night, Act ii. sc. 3.

Be then his love accurst, since love or hate
To me alike it deals eternal woe.
Nay curs'd be thou! since against his thy will
Chose freely what it now so justly rues.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iv. Too facil then thou didst not much gainsay, Nay didst permit, approve, and fair dismiss.-Id. Ib. b.ix. NAZARITE. One who separates himself; from the Heb. Nazar, separare, segregare. The old translation of the Bible, 1551, uses the word absteyner.

Speake vnto the children of Israel, and say vnto them, when a man or woman doeth separate the selnes to vowe a vowe of a Nazarite to separate [himselfe] vnto the Lorde: He shall absteine from wine and strog drinke, and shall drinke no sowre wine nor sowre drinke, nor shal drinke anie licour of grapes neither shal eate fresh grappes nor dried. Geneva Bible, 1561. Numbers, vi. 5.

A Nazarite in place abominable
Vaunting my strength in honor to their Dagon?
Milton. Samson Agonistes.

I with this messenger will go along.
Nothing to do, be sure, that may dishonour
Our law, or stain my vow of Nazarite.

Id. Ib.

NE. A. S. Nc. (See NAY.) Ne was used as we now use not, nor, and neither; all which see. Ihesus answeride and seide to him, ye erren, not knowynge the Scripturis ne the vertue of God. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 22.

Werke alle thinge by conseil thus sayd he,
And then ne shalt thou not repenten thee.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v.9559.
Ne never for no wele, ne for no wo,
Ne shal the gost within myn herte stente
To love you best with all my trewe entente.

Id. The Clerkes Tale, V. 8847. For I may not haue such bookes as are necessary for me, neither yet penne, ink, ne paper.-Figth. Workes, p. 76.

NEAL. See ANNEAL. A. S. An-al-an, onalan, alan, to heat, to burn. Vitrum sensim igni admovere, vel (sensim) ab igne tollere. Lacombe and Roquefort have néellé, émaillé, i.e. enamelled. To heat, to burn, metals, to improve their tem

NAY, v. NAY, n. NAY, ad.

A. S. Na, ne, no; Dut. Neen; Ger. Nein. Skinner derives the A. S. from the Lat. Ne: Wachter,-the Dut. and Ger. from the Lat. Non. Tooke has no doubt that they have the same origin and signification as the Dan. Nödeg; Sw. Noodeg; Dut. Noode, node, and no, which mean averse, unwilling. Hence,

To nay will mean,-to be averse or unwilling; to dissent, to refuse, to deny.

Nay, n.-dissent, refusal, denial. Nay, ad. is used elliptically (sc.) as denying what is said to be all that might be said. See the example from Milton.

Thanne is that body bettere than thow. quath ich. Ray quath he no betere. Piers Plouhman, p. 272. Therfore Iesus seith to hem, children wer ghe han ony soupyng thing? thei answeriden to him, nai. Wiclif. Jon, c. 21. Ne he shal not nay, ne deny his sinne. Chaucer. The Persones Tale. Alas, alas, with how defe an eare death cruell turneth awaie fro wretches, and naieth for to close wepyng iyen. Id. Boecius, b. i.

Regard of shares and cultures, all they leaue, both sithe and plough

They turn to this, and swords, and glauies, in furnels neale they tough.-Phaer. Virgill. Encidos, b. vii. Reduction is chiefly effected by fire, wherein, if they stand and nele, the imperfect metals vapour away, and so do all manner of salts which separated them in minimas partes before.-Bacon. Dr. Meverel, touching Metals, &c.

The workmen let glass cool by degrees in such relentings of fire, as they call nealing heats.-Digby. On Bodies. NEAP, adj. Skinner says, - that neaps or NEAP, n. neap tides, are tides-aquarum inopes, (A. S. Naftig, inops,) tides scant of water. As a nawl is an awl, a neap may be an ebb; a decreasing tide; decreasing as the moon decreases. See the quotation from Maclaurin.

The waters are in perpetual agitation of flux and refinxes: even when no wind stirs, they have their neap and spring tides.-Bp. Hall. Ser. Lent 1641.

Her [the sea] motion of ebbing and flowing, of high springs and dead neapes, are still as certaine and constant, as the changes of the moone and course of the sunne.

Hakewill. Apologie, b. ii. c. S. s. 1. The action of the sun diminishes the effect of the moon's action in the quarters, because the one raises the water in that case where the other depresses it; and therefore the tides then are least: and these we call the neap tides. Maclaurin. Newton. Philosophical Discoveries, b. iv. c. 7.