The salt rilles also that crosse the same doo so separat the one of them from the other, that they resemble the slope course of the cutting part of a scrue or gimlet, in verie perfect maner, if a man doo imagine himself to looke downe from the top of the mast vpon them.

Holinshed. Description of Britaine, c. 10. Why, suppose I had a delicate screw'd gun, if I left her clean, and found her foul, I should discover, to my cost, she had been shot in.-Dryden. Marriage à la Mode, Act v. sc.1.

That which is usually recited for the sixth and last mechanic faculty, is the screw, which is described to be a kind of wedge that is multiplied, or continued by a helical (spiral] revolution about a cylinder, receiving its motion not from any stroke, but from a vectis at one end of it.

Wilkins. Archimedes, c. 9. If while our backs are turned an unlucky boy screws a piece of deal upon one of the leaves, we do not reckon the chip or the deal a part of the table.

Search. Light of Nature, pt. i. c. 2.

SCRIBE.
SCRIBBLE, V.

SCRIBBLE, n.
SCRIBBLER.

SCRIBBLING, N.
SCRIBABLE.
SCRIBA'CIOUS.

Fr. Scribe, escrivaine, escrivaillée; It. Scriba; Sp. Escriba; Lat. Scrib-ere. Becan (see Vossius) derives from the Dut. Schrabben, (to scrape,) because a line or stroke in writing is formed by scraping or drawing (sc. a style, a pen) over the surface (of paper, parchment, or other substance). Scribble would then be scrabble, with the mere difference of the vowel. Vossius thinks scrib-ere is manifestly from Gr. гpap-ev,-y changed into c. The origin of all is probably the same. See GRAVE. Scribe, a writer; and see the quotation from South.

To scribble, to write careless, hasty, ill-formed letters; to write carelessly, hastily.

And I seye to you that but your rigtwisnesse be more plentuous thanne of scribis and farisees, ye schul not entre in to the kyngdom of hevenes.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 5.

For I saye vnto you, excepte your ryghteousnes exceade the ryghteousnes of the scrybes and pharyses, ye can not entre into the kingdō of heaue.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

In sooth to say, though all the erth so wanne
Were parchment smooth, white, and scribabell,
And the great sea, that called is the oceane,
Were tourned into ink blacker than sabell,
Euery stick a pen, each man a scriuener abell,
Not coud they write womans trechery,
Beware therfore, the blind eateth many a flie.

Ballad on Woman's Chastily. Imputed to Chaucer. One of the foresayde jj parsonis so condemned, was scrybe to the pope, and that other was donar.

Fabyan. Chronycle, c. 159. Thereat Jove wexeth wroth, and in his spright Did inly grudge, yet did it well conceale; And bade Dan Phoebus scribe her appellation seale.

Spenser. Faerie Queene. Of Mutabilitie, c.6.

My hasty hand forthwith doth scribble on apace, Least willing hart might thinke, it ment to come behind. Gascoigne. The Louer declareth his Affections, &c. For al ye time betwene his death & the pclamig could scant haue suffised vnto ye bare wryting alone, all had it bene but in paper & scribled forth in hast at adueture. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 56. My lowely and myek scribling unto your noble grace at this time is, grudging in my conscience, that the religion which we do observe and keep is no rule of S. Benet, nor yet no commandment of God.

Strype. Eccles. Mem. Hen. VIII. b. i. c. 35.

But soon forgetting what she went about,
Poor queen, she fell to scribling to her lover:
Here she put in, and there she blotted out,
Her passion did so violently move her.

Drayton. Barons' Wars, b. vi.

Lastly, that in my tedious scribble

I may not seem incorrigible,

1 will conclude.-Cotton. Epistle to J. Bradshaw, Esq. We have some letters of popes (though not many), for popes were then not very scribacious, or not so pragmatical. Barrow. Of the Pope's Supremacy.

This is the same, (some few alterations being made,) with a fanatical scribble publish'd open and bare-fac'd to the world.-Wood. Athene Oxon. vol. ii.

And Martin Mar-prelate, the Marvel of those times, was the first presbyterian scribbler, who sanctified libels and scurrility to the use of the good old cause. Dryden. Religio Laici, Pref.

SCRIMER.

A. S. Scrimbre, (or scirmbre, a fencer, Verstegan.) A sword player, a master of defence or fencing master, (Somner.) Dut. Scheimer; Fr. Escumeur, from Shirmen, to defend. See SCREEN and SKIRMISH.

The scrimers of their nation, He swore, had neither motion, guard. nor eye, If you oppos'd them.-Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act iv. sc. 7.

SCRINE, i. e. Shrine, (qv.) Lat. Scrinium. Anciently, (says Verstegan,) a chest or cofer.

Help then, O holy virgin, chiefe of nyne,
The weaker novice to perform thy will;
Lay forth out of thine everlasting scryne
The antique rolles, which there lye hidden still,
Of faerie knights-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. Introd.
This man of infinite remembraunce was,
And things foregone through many ages held,
Which he recorded still as they did pas,
Ne suffred them to perish through long eld,

As all things els the which this world doth weld;
But laid them up in his immortal scrine,
Where they for ever incorrupted dweld.-Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 9.
SCRIP. Sw. Skrappa, skreppa.

Minshew derives from Scirpus,

a rush, whence Scripea, a basket made of rushes. Skinner prefers A. S. Scrape, meet, convenient, fit, q.d. Theca commoda. May it not be

A scrap-bag, a small bag or sack for scraps? And he seide to hem, whanne I sente you without sachel and scrippe and schoon, wher ony thing failide to you? And thei seiden nothing.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 22.

And he said vnto them when I sent you wythout wallet and scruppe & shoes: lacked ye any thyng? And they said, no.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

Whan folk in chirche had yeve him what hem lest,
He went his way, no longer wold he rest,
With scrippe and tipped staf, ytucked hie.

Chaucer. The Sompnoures Tale, v. 7316.
This house in all times
Was full of shipmen and pilgrimes,
With scrippes brette full of leasings,
Entermelled with tidings.-Id. House of Fame, b. iii.
He picks out five, away with him to bring,
Such as he knew would fit his trusty sling,
And in his scrip them closely doth bestow,
By which he vows Goliah's overthrow.

Drayton. David & Goliah.

And he began at Moses, and at all the prophets, and interpreted vnto the in all scriptures which were wrytten of hym.-Bible, 1551. Luk, c. 24.

I trow it were to longe you to tary,
If I you told of every script and bond,
By which that she was feoffed in his lond;
Or for to rekken of hire rich array.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9500.

The statue of Mars upon a carte stood
Armed, and loked grim as he were wood,
And over his hed ther shinen two figures
Of sterres, that ben cleped in scriptures.

Id. The Knightes Tale, v. 2083,

Of whiche thynge all the ordinaunce and the sothe (for as moche as folke that been to comen after our daies, shal knowen it) I haue putte it in scripture, and in remembraunce. Id. Boccius, b. i.

Whiche Daniell in his scripture

Expowned, as to fore it tolde.-Gower. Con. 4. Prol.

Thane the olde man sayde, sir, surely vnder this tombe, lyeth your father; than the lorde of Manny redde the scripture on the tombe, the whiche was in latyn, and ther he founde yt the olde man had sayd trouth, and gaue hym his rewarde. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 110.

But herein appeared his true hautinesse of mind indeed, and that unmatchable spirit of his, That when upon the battell at Pharsalia, as wel the cofers and caskets, with letters and other writings of Pompey as also those of Scipioes before Thapsus, came into his hands, he was most true unto them, and burnt al, without reading one script or scroll. Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 25.

With such differences of reeds, vallatory, sagittary, scriptory, and others, that might be furnished in Judea. Brown. Miscell. p. 82.

By scripture it hath in the wisedome of God seemed meet to deliuer vnto the world much but personally expedient to be practised of certaine men; many deepe and profound points of doctrine, as being the maine originall ground whereupon the precepts of dutie depend; many prophesies, the cleere performance whereof might confirme the world in beliefe of things vnseene; many histories to serue as looking glasses to behold the mercy, the truth, the righteousnesse of God towards all that faithfully serue, obey and honour him; yea, many entire meditations of pietie, to be as patternes and presidents in cases of like nature; many things needfull for explication, many for application vnto particular occasions, such as the prouidence of God from

time to time hath taken to haue the seuerall bookes of his Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. i. § 13

holy ordinance written.

It is ridiculous to say, that bills of exchange shall pay our debts abroad: that cannot be, till scrips of paper can be made current coin. [Scrips of paper, Locke afterwards calls three or four lines writ on paper.] Locke. Considerations on Interest, &c.

For if you will stand to what you have granted, That scripture is as perfect a rule of faith as a writing can be: you must then grant it both so compleat, that it needs no addition, and so evident, that it needs no interpretation: For both these properties are requisite to a perfect rule, and a writing is capable of both these properties.

Chillingworth. Religion of Protestants, pt. i. c. 2.

This grand scripturient paper-spiller,

This endless, needless margin filler,
Was strangely tost from post to pillar.

Wood. Athena Oxon. vol. ii. Wm. Prynne.

It must argue great conceitedness and self-sufficiency, for a man to expect to be heard, or attended to, as a scripturist, or a textuary, in opposition to the Christian world; unless he first fairly considers and confutes what the ablest writers have pleaded for the received construction, and next as fairly proves and enforces his own.

Waterland. Works, vol. vil. p. 9. Introd. Whoever expects to find in the Scriptures a specific direction for every moral doubt that arises, looks for more than he will meet with.-Paley. Philosophy, c. 4.

Giving up as indefensible, what is truly scriptural, is so far casting off scripture; and unbelievers will refute our interpretations, and take advantage of our concessions; whereas, keeping close to the plan of God's word, we need not fear maintaining our ground.-Secker, vol. ii. Ser. 35.

SCRIVENER. See SCRIBE. Fr. Escrivain; Sp. Escribano.

A writer; one who writes or draws up in writing-legal, commercial, or mercantile securities; securities for money.

The wofull complaint, which that ye shall here,
But even like as doth a skriuenere,
That can no more what that he shall write,
But as his maister beside doth endite.

Chaucer. The Complaint of the Black Knight.
Touching thy letter, thou art wise inough,
I wot thou nilte it deigneliche endite,
As make it with these argumentes tough,
Ne scriveinishe or craftely thou it write.

Id. Troil. & Cres. b. ii

SCR

This also is to be noted as a testimonie remaining still of our language, deriued from the Saxons, that the generall name for the most part of euerie skilfull artificer in his trade endeth in here with vs, albeit the h be left out, and er onlie inserted, as Scriuenhere, writehere, shiphere, &c. for scriuener, writer, and shipper, &c. beside manie other relikes of that speech, neuer to be abolished.

Holinshed. Description of Britaine, c. 6.

Send for your daughter by your seruant here,
My boy shall fetch the scriuener presentlie.

Shakespeare. Taming of the Shrew, Act v. sc. 4.
Laughing we leave an entertainment rare,
The paltry pomp of Fundi's foolish mayor,
The scrivener Luscus; now with pride elate,
With incense fum'd, and big with robes of state.
Francis. Horace, b. i. Sat. 5.

SCRO'FULA. Scrofoles: Lat. Scrofula, from > It. Scròfa, scròfola; Fr.

The disease and the animal have

SCRO'FULOUS. scrofa, a sow. the same Gr. name, Xoipas.

A cataplasme of the leaves and hogs grease incorporat togitler, doth resolve the scrophules or swelling kernels called the king's evill.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxii. c. 14.

Excess, the scrofulous and itchy plague,
That seizes first the opulent, descends
To the next rank contagious, and in time
Taints downwards all the graduated scale
Of order, from the chariot to the plough.

Cowper. Task, b. iv.

SCROLL, or Fr. Escroue. (See ESCROW.) SCROWL. The book wherein a gealer sets down and registers the names and surnames of his prisoners: a roll containing the particulars of the court's expense: a survey of ground held by a copyholder. (See Cotgrave.) Minshew thinks scroll is corrupted from roll; and Skinner derives escroue (see SCREW) from ex, and roue, a wheel. We say indifferently,

A scroll or roll of parchment; a paper or writing, rolled or folded up.

Knowynge that ye sayd Baylly vsed to bere scrowys and prophecye aboute hy, shewyng to his cōpany that he was an enchaûter and of ylle disposicio, and that they shuld well knowe by such bokes as he bare vpon hym.

Fabyan. Chronycle. Hen. VI. an. 1450.

All though he [Rich. II.Jhad and myght suffyciently haue declared his renouncement by the redynge of an other meane persone, yet he, for the more suretie of the mater, and for the sayde resygnacyon shuld haue his full force and strengthe, he therfore redde the scrowle of resygnacyon hymselfe, in maner and fourme as foloweth.-Id. Ib. an. 1398.

To whose hands, custody, knowledg, or possession, any of the said accompts, books, scroles, instruments, or other writings concerning the premises, or any part thereof, did, or is co!ne.-Burnet. Records, pt. ii. b. ii. No. 28.

What wonder though my melancholious muse,

Whose generous course some lucklesse starre contractes
Her bold attempts to prosecute refuse,
And would faine burie my abortiue scroules.
Sliriing. Of an Inundation of Douer.

But herein appeared his [Cæsar's] true hautinesse of mind indeed, and that unmatchable spirit of his, that when upon the battell at Pharsalia, as wel the cofers and caskets with le'ters and other writings of Pompey, as also those of Scipioes before Thapsus, came into his hands, he was most true unto them, and burnt al, without reading one script or scroll-Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 25.

When the strangers go away, their Peans [guides among the Moors,] desire them to give them their names in writing, with a certificate of their honest and diligent serving 'em and these they shew to the next comers, to get into business; some being able to produce a large scrowl of such certificates.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1689.

There is in the poor-house of this city, his own [De Vos.] portrait by himself, in black, leaning on the back of a chair, with a scroll of blue paper in his hand, so highly finished, in the broad manner of Correggio, that nothing can exceed it. Reynolds. Journey to Flanders & Holland.

SCROYLE. "These scroyles of Angiers:"Fr. Escrouelles, i. e. scabby, scrophulous fellows, (Whalley and Steevens.) Fr. Les escrouelles, the king's evil, (Cotgrave.)

Bast. By heaven, these scroyles of Angiers flout you, kings. Shakespeare. John, Act ii. sc. 2. Hang them, scroyles! there's nothing in them i' the world. B. Jonson. Every Man in his Humour, Act i. sc. 1. I cry thee mercy, my good scroyle, was't thou?

SCRUB, v. SCRUB, n. the p into b.

Id. The Poelaster, Act iv. sc. 1. To scrub is to scrape, by the change of the vowel a into u, and (See SCRAPE.) The difference of

SCRUPLE, n. SCRU'PLE, v. SCRUPLER. SCRUPULIZE, V. SCRUPULOUS. SCRUPULOUSLY. SCRUPULOUSNESS. SCRUPULO'SITY.

&

If you please, fetch hither that of Greekelade, which I will not importune you to believe: but without scruple you cannot but credit that of a monk of St Dewi's. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 11. Away with those nice scruplers, who for some further ends have endeavoured to keep us in an undue sense. Bp. Hall. Remaines, p. 295. The much urging this article not to be found in ancient creeds; not to have been taught or beleeved of the Easterne churches; not of that of Constantinople; and I know not what else, tending to make men first waver in their faith, then to doubt of their faith, and at length flatly to denie their faith; if in this, why not in other articles that eyther are or may be so scrupulized, all made ours, laid unto our charge by our adversary, and made the publick doctrine of our Church ?-Mountagu. Appeale to Cæsar, c. 18.

The consideration whereof ought eternally to silence their scrupulosity who are so amused that the harms of the body should be the pains of the soul, the body in the mean time being not pained.

H. More. Immortality of the Soul, pt. ii. p. 104 1687

SCR

We shall therefore choose rather to break those laws of

method, (neglecting the scrupulosity thereof) and subjoyn
them immediately in this place, craving the reader's parden
for this preposterousness.
Cudworth. Intellectual System, b. i. c. 3.

Captain Swan having received the two letters, did not doubt but that the English did design to settle a factory here therefore he did not much scruple the honesty of these people, but immediately ordered us to get the ship into the river.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686.

And there is no occasion to be scrupulously nice and critical in distinguishing to which of the parts the name strictly belongs.-Waterland. Works, vol. vii. p. 24.

The scrupulousness of the parents or friends of the deceased persons deprives us oftentimes of the opportunities of anatomizing the bodies of men, and much more those of women.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 68.

I have been so severe in rejecting not only relations, but even authors not otherwise obscure, that, how much soever I foresaw my scrupulousness might impoverish my history, yet there are some whole treatises about cold countries, whence I have shunned to borrow any one authority. Id. Ib. p. 478. Pref.

It may indeed, and doth sometimes happen, that this perplexity and scrupulosity about actions doth proceed from distemper and indisposition of body; and, where it doth so, it is a spice of that religious melancholy I am here to speak of. Sharp, vol. iii. Ser. 2.

In matters, I mean, where duty doth intervene, and where pure conscience ought to guide and govern us; from making professions and ostentations, (void of substance, of truth, of knowledge, of good purpose,) great semblances of refinedness, like those Pharisees so often therefore taxed peculiar sanctimony, integrity, scrupulosity, spirituality, in the Gospel.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 11.

In what more the love of God consists, I know not: so that I scruple not to rest it on reason, rather than on passion.-Gilpin. Hints for Sermons, § 29.

Pleasure and interest are his chief good, his only objects of serious pursuit; and in the attainment of these he is not scrupulously delicate.-Knox. Ess. No. 102.

into, while actions are found to be laudable. Motives, indeed, are not to be too scrupulously inquired Id. Ser. Religion the chief Concern of Life.

SCRUTATOR. Fr. Scrutateur, scrutiné; SCRUTINY, n. It. Scrutatore, scrutinio ; SCRUTINIZE, V. Sp. Escrutinader, escrutinio; SCRUTINOUS. Lat. Scrutator, scrutinium; from scrutari, to search into; from Lat. Scruta, aside together, as litter or refuse and thence Gr. Xpuτn, YPUтn, orts, lumber; things thrown article that may be applied to a use. scrutari, to look into such things, (sc.) for some Vossius in v. Scruta. And, generally, Scrutiny, See is,—

A search, an examination, an inquiry an investigation.

Of all gentylwomen he hath the scruteny
In Fames courte reportyng the same.

Skellon. The Crowne of Laurell.
For al three months a scrutiny was held,
And searchers then sent every where about,
That in that time if any were conceal'd,
They should make proof and straightly bring them out.
Drayton. Moses his Birth & Miracles, b. 1.
But age is froward, uneasy, scrutinous,
Hard to be pleas'd, and parsimonious.

Denham. Of Old Age, pt. iv.
The manner of election was by scrutiny. The deputies
of every province in Scripto exhibiting one.
The scru
tators were two of the seculars.

Hales. Letter from the Synod of Dort, (Nov. 1618.)
The compromissarii should chuse according to the votes
of such, whose votes they were obliged to scrutinize.
Ayliffe. Parergon.

Nor did he [Eusebius] live to see how easily the Arian sophistry was defeated and baffled after it had passed the scrutiny of such masterly hands.

Waterland. Works, vol. iii. p. 155.

And he should be chiefly conversant in such authors as require close attention, and will abide the test of a rational, though candid, scrutiny.-Knox. Winter Evenings, Ev. 42.

Every thing about him is, on some account or other, declared to be good; and he thinks it presumption to scrutinize into its defects, or to endeavour to imagine how it might be better.-Goldsmith. History of the Earth, c. 3.

tions, so the peculiar business (as it seems to me) of religious As all good history deals with the motives of men's achistory is to scrutinize their religious motives: of these the principall is the consideration of a future state.

Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v.

for indulgence if I prefer clearness and aptness before neatness and politeness, and fetch comparisons from the stable or the scullery when none occur suitable to my purpose in the parlour or the drawing room. Search. Light of Nature, Introd. p. xxxv. SCULPTOR. See INSCULP. Fr. SculpSCULPTURE, n. teur; It. Scultore; Sp. SCULPTURE, v. Escultor, esculpidor; Lat. SCULPTILE. Sculptor, from sculpere, to SCULPT. cut, to grave, which (Vossius) differs from scalpere only in usage; and he derives from the Gr. Taapw, with the Æolic prefix, σyλupw, σγλύφω,

To grave or engrave, to cut or carve into, to inscribe.

Zeuxis fonde first the portrature;

And Prometheus the sculpture,
After what forme that hem thought,

The resemblāce anon thei wrought.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

O, that the tenor of my just complaint

Were sculpt with steel on rocks of adamant!-Sandys.

The same description [Moses with horns] we find in a silver medal; that is upon one side Moses horned, and on the reverse the commandment against sculptile images. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. v. c. 9.

Anon out of the earth a fabrick huge
Rose like an exhalation, with the sound
Of dulcet symphonies and voyces sweet,
Built like a temple, where pilasters round
Were set, and Doric pillars overlaid

With golden architrave; nor did there want
Cornice or freeze, with bony sculptures grav'n.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b. i.

A pleasing vigour his fair face express'd;
His neck, his hands, his shoulders, and his breast,
Did next in gracefulness and beauty stand,
To breathing figures of the sculptor's hand.

Dryden. Ovid. Met. b. xii.

Still as a tomb-stone, never to be mov'd,
On some good man or woman unreprov'd
Lays its eternal weight; or fix'd as stands
A marble courser by the sculptor's hands,
Plac'd on the hero's grave.-Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xvii.
What are to him the sculptures of the shield,
Heaven's planets, earth, and ocean's watery field?
Dryden. Ovid. Melam. b. xiii.
The massy sculptur'd vase,
Glittering with golden studs, four handles grace;
And curling vines around each handle roll'd
Support two turtle doves emboss'd in gold.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xi.

If these observations have hitherto referred principally to painting, let it be remembered that this art is much more extensive and complicated than sculpture, and affords therefore a more ample field for criticism; and as the greater includes the less, the leading principles of sculpture are comprised in those of painting.-Reynolds, Dis. 10.

SCUPPER. Skupper boles, (says Skinner,) are holes in the benches of a ship (in transtris) through which the water flows; from the Ger. Schopfen, haurire, because through them the water is drawn or drained off. They are said to be

Holes in the deck, through which the water drains off.

No sooner we were at sea, but by the violence of the storm, and the working of the ship, we made a great quantity of water through our holes, ports, and scuppers. Anson. Voyages, b. iii. c. 4.

And he sente for the scurrers to aduyse the dealynge of their ennemyes, and to se where they were, and what nombre they were of.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 33.

I have seen these Britains, that you magnifie,
Run as they would outrun time, and roaring
Basely for mercy, roaring; the light shadows,
That in a thought scur o'r the fields of corn,
Halted on crutches to 'em.

Beaum. & Fletch. Bonduca, Act i. sc. 1. Then he [Hannibal] commanded the horsemen of the Numidians to scurry to the trenches of the Romans, to entice them to come to battell.-North. Plutarch, p. 882.

and Skinner give to the words Scorbie or scorbute the same origin. (See SCORBUTE.) Scurvy seems no other than scurfy, (See RoYNE;) and (met.) is

Shabby, mean, vile, worthless; despicable, contemptible.

He said, "He never denyed pilgrimages, but that much scurff must be pared away, e're it could be well done; as superstition, idolatry."

Strype. Eccles. Mem. Hen. VIII. b. i. c. 22. Her crafty head was altogether bald, And, as in hate of honorable eld, Was overgrowne with scurfe and filthy scald.

And euer to remayne
In wretched beggary,

And maungy misery,

In lousy lothsumnesse,

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 9.

And scabbed scorffynesse.-Skelton. D. of Albany, &c.

A sorte of foul drabbes

All scuruy with scabbes.-Id. Elinour Rumming.

Pi. Is she not very angry?

Ser. You'l find that quickly;

May be she'll call ye sauey scurvey fellow,
Or some such familiar name.

In this book he is exceeding bitter against Morus and both at Geneva and Leyden, and an account of his own particular life, to vindicate himself from what, as he thought, was scurrilously said of him by Morus.

Wood. Fasti Oxon. vol. i.

It may be so; but then remember, it was not till you yourselves had led the way to the abuse of words; and had called calumny plain dealing; and a scurril license, urbanity. Warburton. Dedication to the Freethinkers. We must acknowledge, and we ought to lament, that our public papers have abounded in sourrility. Bolingbroke. Answer to the Defence. Within a few years satire has reassumed her original rude form of scurrilous and petulant abuse Knox. Essay on Satire.

SCUSE, i. e. Excuse.

Por. That scuse serues many men to saue their gifts,
And if your wife be not a mad woman,

And know how well I haue deseru'd this ring,
Shee would not hold out enemy for euer
For giuing it to me.

Shakespeare. Merchant of Venice, Act iv. sc. 1.

SCUT. Lye suggests the Goth. Skaut, fimbria, the edge or border: it is perhaps from the A. S. Scyt-an, to shoot; that which shoots up, (sc.)

Beaum. & Fletch. The Wild Goose Chace, Act ii. sc. 2. like the short, erect tale of a bare.

Such boyst'rous trifles thy Muse would not brooke,
Save when she'd show how scurvily they looke.
Berkenhard. On the Collec. of Beaum. & Fletch. Works.

A cake of scurf lies baking on the ground,
And prickly stubs, instead of trees, are found.
Dryden. Palamon & Arcite, b. ii.
But here come folks a-preaching to us
A saving doctrine to undo us,
Whose notions fanciful and scurvy,
Turn old religion topsy-turvy.

Lloyd. The Cobbler of Tessington's Letter.

Upon examination, we found their teeth loose; and that many of them had every other symptom of an inveterate sea scurvy.-Cook. Second Voyage, b. i. c. 4.

She makes forward advances to the unwary to bring them to her, but when she has gotten them fast in her fetters she uses them scurvily, allowing them no rest in her service, and feeding them only with delusive expectations and stale scraps of enjoyment that have utterly lost their savour. Search. Light of Nature, vol. i. pt. ii. c. 32.

SCURRILE. SCURRI'LITY. SCU'RRILOUS.

SCU'RRILOUSLY.

Fr. Scurrilité; It. Scurrilità; Lat. Scurrilis, from scurra, a jester, a scoffer. Of uncertain etymology; perhaps

from Scyr-an. (See ScOUR.) The adjective is applied from the lowest uses of jesting or scoffing.

Jesting or scoffing, like a vulgar buffoon; with vulgar, low calumny or scandal; low, vulgar, indecent or unbecoming.

Now I need not to tell that scurrilitie, or ale-house iest

ing, would be thought odious, or grosse mirth would be deemed madnesse.-Wilson. Arle of Rhetorique, p. 4.

And sacred silver mistress, lend thine ear
(Which ne'er heard scurril term, into whose port
Ne'er entred wanton sound,) to my petition
Season'd with holy fear.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Two Noble Kinsmen, Act v. sc. 1.
The people's guilty too, of brow more bold,
That sits, and dares thrice-scurrile lords behold.
Holyday. Juvenal, Sat. 8.
Herein onelie are the inferiour sort somewhat to be
blamed, that being thus assembled, their talke is now and

then such as savoureth of scurrilitie and ribaldrie.

Holinshed. Description of England, b. ii. c. 6.

If either you, or I, know the right way
To part scurrilitie from wit, or can

A lawfull verse, by th' eare, or finger scan.

B. Jonson. Horace. Art of Poelric. One would suspect him [John Standish] not the same man called by Bale a scurrillous fool, and admired by Pils for piety and learning, jealous lest another man should be more wise to salvation than himself.

Fuller. Worthies. Lancashire. He is ever merry, but still modest: not dissolved into undecent laughter, or tickled with wit scurrilous or injurious. Habington. Castara, pt. iii.

If we are of a sanguine and jovial disposition, our idle hours will be so many tempting opportunities to intemperance and wantonness, profaneness and scurrility, and all the other wickednesses of a lewd and dissolute conversation. Scott. Christian Life, pt. i. c. 4.

Mased as a marche hare, he ran lyke a scut.

Skelton. The Crowne of Laurell. The husband [should] take a frogg and spit her [as it were] a length upon a reed, so as it goe in at the skut or matrixe behind and come foorth againe at the mouth. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxii. c. 5. Which in the hare holds not the common position, but is aversly seated, and in its distention enclines unto the coocix or scut.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 15.

SCUTE. SCU'TAGE. SCUTCHEON. Fr. Escusson,

}

See ESCUAGE, ESCUTCHEON. Low Lat. Scutagium, from Lat. Scutum, a shield. Scutcheon,

A small target or shield. See the quotations from Blackstone and Hume.

I painted all with amorettes,

And with losenges and scochons.-Chaucer. Rom. of the R.
The crowns that they on their scochones bere,
Were set with pearle, ruby, and saphere.

Id. The Flower and the Leaf.

Confessing that he was himselfe a Mountacute,
And bare the selfe same armes that I dyd quarter in my
scute.
Gascoigne. Deuise of a Maske.

But yet they ouer shoote us
With crownes and with scutus
With scutes and crownes of golde
I drede we are bought and solde.

Skelton. Why come ye not to Court?

And in iiij. convenyent places of the said gravestone I will be sett iiij. platts graven with iiij. skochens of armys folowing, that is to say, at the hede the armes of the citie of London, and the drapers armes, and at the fett myn owne armes, and my merchaunt marke.-Fabyan. Chronicles, Pref.

For within the chappell of Bellona, he caused to bee set up the scutcheons and shields of his auncestours; taking great contentment to have the armes of his predecessours seene on high, and the same accompanied with the titles of their honourable dignities to be read. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 3.

And following these vain pleasures and delights, when he [Alcibiades] was in his galley, he caused the plancks of the poop thereof to be cut and broken up, that he might lie the softer; for his bed was not laid upon the overlop, but laid upon girthes strained over the hole, cut out and fastened to the sides, and he carried to the wars with him a guilded scuchion wherein he had no cognizance nor ordinary device of the Athenians, but onely had the image of Cupid in it holding lighting in his hand.-North. Plutarch, p. 171.

Though all the titles, coronets, and stars,
That statesmen aim at, and that Malton bears,
Enrich your 'scutcheon, dignify your crest,
Beam on your coach, and blaze upon your breast.

Cawthorn. The Equal. of Human Conditions This pecuniary satisfaction (in lieu of personal attendance, scutifer, bearing a shield) at last came to be levied, by assessment at so much for every knight's fee under the name of scutage.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 8.

The king could require in war the personal attendance of his vassals, that is, almost all the landed proprietors; and But Ponet, late bishop of Winton, now in exile, excel- if they declined the service, they were obliged to pay him a lently answered this scurrilous book, with great learning and composition in money, which was called a scutage. clearness.-Strype. Eccles. Mem. Mary, c. 20. Hume. History of England, vol. ii. App. 2, 10 F

1689

SCUTTLE.

Fr. Escoutilles; It. Scodella; Sp. Escotilla. Skinner thinks may be from the Dut. Schuyte, a boat, or from schuttel, scuttella, a kind of dish or platter: it is more probably from the A. S. Scyt-an, to shoot.

Suddenly attempting their purpose (the rocks being very dangerous for the boat, and the sea-gate exceeding great) by

shooting their arrows hurt and wounded every one of our men.-Drake. Voyages, an. 1578.

This Moruidus walkynge or rydynge vpon the see stronde knyghthod, he thought to sle.-Fabyan. Chronycle, c. 37.

And thervpon

With retters, and with seales out
Thei send in euery londe aboute

The yonge children for to seche.-Gower. Con. 4. b. ii.

And yet the more, if he strake handes, if he geue his had leued-Tyndall. Workes, p. 142.

A coal-scuttle:-to shoot coals into the cellar is a common expression; from the scuttle they are shot or thrown upon the fire.

To scuttle off or away, is-to scud or scuddle off. To scuttle a ship,-to make openings or holes. The commodore, having no occasion for these other vessels, had ordered the masts of all five of them to be cut away at his first arrival; and on his leaving the place they were towed out of the harbour, and scuttled and sunk.

Anson. Voyages, b. iii. c. 4. We hoysed out our boat, and took up some of them; as also a small hatch, or scuttle rather, belonging to some bark. Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686. Then we jogg'd on again to the northward, and saw many small dolphins and whales, and abundance of scuttle-shells swimming on the sea.-Id. Ib. an. 1699.

SCUTTLE. Dut. Schotel; Fr. Escuelle; It. Scodella; Sp. Escudilla; Lat. Scutella, scutula, a dish, a platter, from scutum, (says Vossius,) because the scutella was formed like an oblong shield. Scull is

A Scotch name for a basket of a semicircular form, (Jamieson.) It is perhaps the same word as the preceding.

A skuttle or skreene, to rid soil from the corn.

Tusser. Husbandry Furniture, p. 14. The earth and stones they are fain to carry from under their feet in scuttles and baskets.-Hakewell. On Providence.

Yet durst she not disclose her fancies wound,

Ne to himselfe, for doubt of being sdayned,

Ne yet to any other wight on ground,

For feare her mistresse shold have knowledge gayned.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 5.
Lifted up so high

I'sdein'd subjection, and thought one step higher
Would set me highest, and in a moment quit
The debt immense of endless gratitude.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b, iv.
She strikes, and twines away her sdaignefull eyes
From his sweet face, she fals dead in a swoune,
Fals as a floure halfe cut, that bending lies.

Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. xx. s. 128.

SEA. Goth. Saiw; A. S. Sa; Dut. See; Ger. See; Sp. Siö, from the Gr. Ee-ev, fervere, bullire, (see d'vdwp, bulliebat aqua. Homer, Iliad, 21, v. 365,) say the etymologists; but the Gr. has no name for the sea derived from that verb.

Sea is opposed-geographically-to land, to rivers, lakes, &c.; it is applied to the great mass of salt waters, or different portions of it,-to any large quantity, liquid or fluid; to any thing stormy or distinguished by other qualities of the

sea.

Sea is very much used, prefixed.

Other half ger we habbeth nowe y went with oute reste
In the grete see of occean, forto seche vr beste,
That oure lyf ys loth, & we nuste war bi leue.
R. Gloucester, p. 40.
Now is Robert Cristen, he dightes his nauie,
& ferde ouer the see, & conquerd Normundie.
R. Brunne, p. 25.
Thanne he roos and commaundide to the wyndis and the
Ree; and a greet pesiblenesse was maad.
Wiclif. Matthew, c. 8.
Then he arose, and rebuked the wyndes and the sea, and
there folowed a great calme.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

He mote be ded, the king as shall a page;
Som in his bed, som in the depe see.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 3032. And God called the dry land the erth, and the gatheryng togyther of waters called ho the sea.-Bible, 1551. Gen. c. 1.

And the erle of Arundell, with xxvii. vesselles with hym, whether they wolde or nat, were fayne to caste ancre in a lytell hauen called the Palyce a two small leages fro Rochell, and ye wynde was so streynable on seeborde, that they coude nat departe thence. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 150.

Ne did it then deserve a name to have,

Till that the venturous mariner that way
Learning his ship from those white rocks to save,
Which all along the southerne sea-coast lay
Threatning unheedy wrecke and rash decay,
For safety that same his sca-marke made,
And nam'd it Albion.-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c.10.
She could sell winds to any one that would
Buy them for money, forcing them to hold
What time she listed, tie them in a thread,
Which ever as the seafarer undid;
They rose or scantled, as his sails would drive,
To the same port whereas he would arrive.

Drayton. The Moon Calf.
How should I joy of thy arrive to hear?
But as a poor sea-faring passenger,
After long travel, tempest-torn and wrack'd,
By some unpitt'ing pirate that is sack'd.

Id. Charles Brandon to Mary the French Queen.
Such murmur fill'd

Th' assembly, as when hollow rocks retain
The sound of blustering winds, which all night long
Had rous'd the sea,-now with hoarse cadence lull
Sea-faring men orewatcht, whose bark by chance
Or pinnace anchors in a craggy bay
After the tempest.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

The sea is a collection of waters in the deep vallies of the earth if the earth were all plain, and had not those deep hollows, the earth would be all covered with water; because the water being lighter than the earth, would be above the earth, as the air is above the water.

Locke. Elements of Natural Philosophy, c. 7.

If we should offer to make a rude estimate, we should find that all the rivers in the world, flowing into the bed of the sea, with a continuance of their present stores, would take up at least 800 years to fill it to its present height. Goldsmith. Animated Nature, pt. i. c. 15.

A.S. Sele, seol, a sea calf; Sw. Sjal;

SEAL. Dut. Zeehond.

These seales be hardly killed, unlesse a man dash out their braines. In their sleepe, they seeme to low or blea, and thereupon they be called sea-calves.

Holland. Plinie, b. ix. c. 13. Proteus, thy song to heare, Seas list'ning stand, and windes to whistle fear; The lively dolphins dance, and bristly seales give eare. Fletcher. The Prize, Ecl. 7. He told us that at first he was forced to eat seal, which is very ordinary meat, before he had made hooks: but afterward he never killed any seals but to make lines, cutting their skins into thongs.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1683.

The price of raw hides is a good deal lower at present off the duty upon seal skins, and to the allowing, for a than it was a few years ago; owing probably to the taking limited time, the importation of raw hides from Ireland and from the plantations, duty free, which was done in 1769. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 11.

The seal, in general, resembles a quadruped in some respects; and a fish in others. The head is round, like that of a man; the nose broad like that of the otter; the teeth like those of a dog; the eyes large and sparkling; no external ears, but holes that served for that purpose.

Goldsmith. Animated Nature, b. v. c. 5.

SEAL, v. Fr. Seel, seau; It. Sigillo Sp. SEAL, n. Sigilo: Lat. Sigillum; Dut. Seghel; Ger. Siegel; Sw. Sigill; A. S. Sigel, sigel-an; Goth. Siglyan, ga-siglyan, signare, to sign, to set or make a sign or mark. And see SEEL.

To set a sign or mark, (sc.) in token of assent, affirmance, assurance; to affirm, or confirm, to assure, to secure; and also-(from the effect of sealing) to fasten, to fix; to fasten together, closely, to close, to shut.

Of him haf thei chartre seled with his seale.

R. Brunne, p. 29. For he had grantid ther to the chartre for to sele, & after that selyng alle suld thei come The barons & the kyng, & tak of tham hard dome.

Id. p. 300. And I saigh in the righthond of the sitter on the trone, a book writun withynne and without, and seelid with seuene seelis.-Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 5.

He that it wrought, [the steed] he coude many a gin;
He waited many a constellation,
Or he had don this operation,
And knew ful many a sele and many a bond.
Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,429.

If from this houre
Within these hallowd limits thou appeer,
Back to th' infernal pit I drag thee chaind,
And seale thee so, as henceforth not to scorne
The facil gates of hell too slightly barrd.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b. iv.

King. Clarence and Gloster, loue my louely queene, And kiss your princely nephew brothers both. Cla. The duty that I owe vnto your maiesty, I seale vpon the lips of this sweet babe.

Shakespeare. Hen. VI. Act v. sc. 7. Yor. What seale is that that hangs without thy bosom? Yea, look'st thou pale? Let me see the writing. Id. Rich. II. Act ii. sc. 4.

Now pleasing sleep had seal'd each mortal eye.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. ii. Volkelius, more complaisant with respect to the name, turns all his resentment upon the thing, flatly denying that the Eucharist is a sacrament: his reason is, it neither exhibits nor seals any spiritual grace. Waterland. Works, vol. vii. p. 35.

The passion which fires the competitors in any honourable contest is a laudable ambition to excel; and the prize is no otherwise valued than as the mark and seal of victory.

Bp. Horsley, vol. ii. Ser. 27.

SE'MSTRESS.

SE'AMY.

A. S. Seam, seamster; Dut. Soom; Ger. Saum; Sw. Seom, sutura; seoma, consuere. Wachter derives from the Lat. Su-ere. Skinner, from to

sew or to sow; or from Lat. Sumen.

The line formed by sewing or sowing, the continued suture;-a suture, a juncture; a mark resembling a lineal suture.

And the coote was without seem and wouun al aboute, therfor thei seiden togidre, kitte we not it, but caste we lotte whos it is. Wiclif. Jon, c. 19.

The coote was without seme, wroughte vpon thorowe oute, and they sayd one to another. Let vs not deuyd it, but cast lottes who shal haue it.-Bible, 1551. 16.

Let us than speke of chiding and repreving, which ben ful grete woundes in mannes herte, for they unsow the seames of frendship in mannes herte.

Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

O sheare that shreadst the seeme-rent sheete of shame.
Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe.
And every seam the nymphs shall sew
With th' smallest of the spinner's clue.

Drayton. The Muses' Elysium, Nymphal 8. gouldiers have parted thy garments, and cast lots upon thy The remainders of thy sacred person are not yet free; the cass. The Crucifix.

The righteousness evangelical must be like Christ's seamless coat, all of a piece from the top to the bottom.

Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 1.

In these, heav'n's holy fire does vainly burn; Nor warms, nor lights, but is in sparkles spent; Where froward authors, with disputes, have torn The garment seamles as the firmament. Davenant. Gondibert, b. fi. c. 5. His [Aristippus] delight was to paint shops of barbers, shomakers, coblers, taylers and semsters. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 10. Lo! what is it that makes goose wings so scant, That the distressed sempster did them want. Bp. Hall, b. ii. Sat. 1, Ismen. Of fidlers: Thou a company? No, no, keep thy company at home, and cause cuckolds. The wars will hurt thy face, there's no semslers. Beaum. & Fletch. Cupid's Revenge, Act 1, sc. 1. Deli. Why, sir?

Fast. That you can consort yorselves with such poor seam-rent fellows.

B. Jonson. Every man out of his Humour, Actii sc. 2.