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STABLE, v.

I schal reren thi seed aftir thee, that schal ben of thi sonys, and schal stablen the rewme of hym. (L. V.stablische, stabiliam.)- Wic. 1 Par. xvii. 12.

A wis king is the stablete (L. V. stablischyng, stabili mentum) of the puple.-Id. Wisd. vi. 26.

But the life to come is the stablement and the propre house of myne undedly soule.

The Boke of Tulle of Old Age. Carton, i. 12.

STACK.
Seint John sayth, that avouterers shul ben in helle in a
stacke brenning of fire and brimstone.
Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

STADDE. See BESTEAD.

STAFF, STAVE. See TAIL, v. infra.

STAGE.

Ne the grete ship of thre stagis (trieris) shal not ouergon it- Wic. Is. xxxiii. 21.

STAGNATE.

STE

He stood, and smoot Filisties, til his honde failide, and was starke. (E. V. heuy, obrigesceret.)

START.

Id. 2 Kings xxiii. 10.

And God turnede the spirit of the King in to deboner-
nesse, and heezende (hying) and dredende, he sterte (L. V.
skippyde, eriluit) out of the see (seat).- Wic. Esth. xv. 11.
This Duk his courser with his sporres smote,
And at a stert, he was betwix hem two.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1707.
STARVE. STARVATION. We owe this word,
it seems, to Henry Dundas, the first Lord Melville,
who used it in a speech on American affairs in 1775,
and obtained for himself the name of Starvation
Dundas. See H. Walpole to Mason, v. ii. p. 396.
It is, I think, a solitary instance of this Latin ter-
mination to a native English root.

Ye, sterve he shal, and that in lesse while,
Than thou wolt gon a pas not but a mile;
This poison is so strong and violent.

Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12799.
It happed him, par cas,
To take the botelle ther the poison was,
And dronke; and yave his felaw drinke, also;
For which, anon, they storven bothe two.

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Id. Ib. v. 12822.

The cavalcade (of judges on horseback) being once well settled for the march, moved, as the design was, statelily Campbell. Life of Shaftesbury, v. ii. p. 310.

This Sea (the Orkneys) they report to be slow and stag- along.-Roger North. nate.-Gordon. Tacitus Agricola.

STAIN. In Ex. xxxv. 36, Polymitarius is rendered steynour.

Forsothe thei token the coote of hym, and in the blood of a kyde that thei had slayn steyneden (tinzerunt). Wic. Gen. xxxvii. 31. Ne ther shal be maad euene to it (wisdom) topasie of Ethiope; ne to the most clene steyning (tinctura) shal be comparisound.-Id. Job xxviii. 19.

STALK. In Milleres Tale (quoted in Dictionary) Mr. Tyrwhitt thinks Stalkes are the upright pieces, and renges the steps.

STALL, v.

He cast adoun hir stalles

That in chirche chaffareden.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 11060. An hors, a staloun (emissarius), so and a frend a scornere, neizeth undur ech sittyng aboue.- Wic. Eccl. xxxiii. 6. This stalant (Rhodope, a Courtesan) of whom we speake, had her fame bruted in all places.

Herodotus, his seconde booke. Quoted by Beloe, i. 380. I shall be glad if all these words and more would make such weighty cases clear; and do confess that after all I need more light, and am almost stalled with the difficulties myself.-Barter. Body of Divinity, p. 160.

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And Patience in the palace stood

In pilgrymes clothes.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 8081.
And God it wot, though I unworthy be,

I have stonden in ful gret degree
Abouten lordes of ful high estat.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9368.
He stood the furious foe, the timid friend.
Pope. Prol. to Sat. v. 343.
STAR.
The winds do sweep his chambers every day,
And clouds do wash his rooms, the ceiling gay,
Starred aloft, the gilded knobs embrace.

"G. Fletcher. Christ's Victory after Death.

STARK.
Alle the dwelleres of Canaan weren starke (obriguerunt).
Wic. Ex. xv. 16.

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There was a common saying in those days (when Lord Mansfield was at the Bar), Mr. Murray's statement is of itself worth the argument of any other man."

Lord Campbell. Life of Lord Mansfield, p. 562.

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Deep water (is) the woordis of the month of a man; and a stef strem (L. V. a stronde fletinge ouer, torrens) the reboundende welle of wisdame.- Wic. Prov. xviii. 4.

STILL.

STILLATORY.

Nowt proude as prechours beth,

But preyen ful stylle.-Piers Plouhman's Creed, v. 770. And eft his face waishun, goon oute, (Joseph) stillide hym self (L. V. refreynede, continuit se), and seith, Settith loones.- Wic. Gen. xliii. 31.

He forsothe biheelde her stilli (L. V. priueli, tacitus), wilnyng to wite whether the Lord had maad his weye welsome or noon.-Id. lb. xxiv. 21.

She wente and clepide Marie, her sistir, in silence, or stilnesse (in silentio), seyinge, The Mastir cometh, and cle

Stelyn legharneis he hadde in the hippis, and a stelyn
sheeld (arcus clypeus) couerde the shuldris of hym (Go-pith thee.-Id. John xi. 28.
liath).- Wic. 1 Kings xvii. 6.

And holdeth mine herte under his sele,
As trusty and trewe as any stele.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 5149.
Jolite and welfare
Whiles they finden love of stele (true as stele).
Id. House of Fame, b. ii. v. 175.
Mr. Tyrwhitt thinks, are
See Quotation from Chau-

STEEP. Eyes steep, eyes deep set.

Ystope, i. e. steeped.
cer, in v. Old, supra.
A large man he was with eyen stepe.
Chaucer. Prologue. The Hoste.
His eyen stepe and rolling in his hed.
Id. lb. The Monke.

STEER.

And thou shalt ben as (one) slepende in the myddil se, and as the steris man (gubernator) al forslept, the steer staf lost (amisso clavo).-Wic. Prov. xxiii. 34.

STELE.

A ladel.

With a long stele.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 13513.
STENCH, i. e. Stanch, qv.

STEP.

And when the formere kien weren deuourid and wastid, the secounde gauen no steppe of fulnesse. (L. V. merke, vestigium.)-Wic. Gen. xli. 21; and Deut. ii. 5.

STEP. STEPMOTHER.

Haue compassio, oh, christen woman, upon those yonge innocent orphans, which knowe not, nor haue any confort nor helpe upon erth saue only the. Consider that God the Lord hath ordeyned the (in steede of their own mother) to be to the a righte true mother, and requireth the to loue them and to do the good.-Miles Coverdale. The Christen State of Matrimony, fo. lxx.

STER, or STRE. Term. was used to denote a female, as trix, in Latin. Tyrwhitt.

STERCORY. Lat. Stercus.

His forehed, dropped as a stillatorie
Were ful of plantaine.

Chaucer. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16048.
There is no better sign of omnia bene, than when the
court is in a still.-Bacon. Charge against Mr. Oliver St.
John, v. ii. p. 588, 4to.

STING. See Piers Plouhman, in v. Stitch, infra.
Ther ne is no waspe in this world
That wil for loke styngen,

For, &c.-Piers Ploufman's Vision, v. 1292.
Sendynge out bifore stynggynge flies, that ben sprungun
of deed bodies, hauynge the stonges enuenymd.
Wic. Ex. xxiii. 28.

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They ben y-sewed with whight silke,
And semes ful queynt
Ystongen with stiches
That stareth as siluer.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1101.
Mnason. You have gone a good stitch, you may well be a

A man is but a sack of stercory.—Skelton, v. i. p. 4. Dyce. weary; sit down.-Pilgrim's Progress, pt. ii.

STITH.

STR

Wite he me not, in to repreuynge of old men, newe thingis to stithie (L. V. to forge), as my freendis putten blame. Wic. Josh. Prol. p. 555. So the iren smyth sittende biside the stithie (L. V. anefelt. incudem), the humour (vapor) of the fyr brenneth his flesh.-Id. Ecc. xxxviii. 29.

STOAT. See STOTE.

STOCK. The STOCK-dove is the stock or stirps of the domestic kinds.

Also, MORE, 8.

With wo I ligge istocked.

Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. i. fo. 2681. But oh! what stock of patience wants the fool, Who wastes his time and breath in teaching school! Charles Dryden. Juv. Sat. 7.

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Al for the love of oure Lord Lyveden ful streyte.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 52. Eche shal not streyte (L. V. make streyte, coarctavit) his brother, eche shuln go in his path.- Wic. Joel ii. 8. STOCK. See Piers Plouhman, in v. Full, supra. onerlargely in this matter (var. r. schertnesse). The Pistlis streytnesse suffrid not me lengere to passe ld. Bible. Pref. Ep. p. 66. Forsothe it was vnable to be ouercummen, and hard in goyng to for streytnesse (angustias) of places. Id. 2 Mac. xii. 21. The fourth thynge that foloweth the dome or jugement is the strayteness and rigour of the juge. The Golden Legend, fo. 3, c. 3. He (Magellan) continued his voyage toward the South, and at length discovered near the 53rd deg. of latitude, the mouth of a strait which he entered, Feb. 1526. Robertson. America, b. v. STRAKE. See STRETCH, infra. STRANGLE.

STOMACH.

Whether a wise man schal answere, as spekyng atens the wynd, and schal fille his stomac (stomachum) with brennyng, that is, ire?- Wic. Job xv. 2.

Mor. Sen. Doth no man take exceptions at the slave? Lan. All stomach him, but none dare speak a word. Marlow. Edward II. STONE, i. e. Astone. See STUN.

And they stoneyed al about, and sturbed. (L. V. astonyed, obstupefacti, turbatique.)-Wic. Gen. xlii. 28. Ristwis men shul stoneyen (L. V. wondre, stupebunt) vp on that.-Id. Job xvii. 8.

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(There) shal be symple criynge of trompes, and not stowndmeel thei shullen solle. (L. V. not sowne departingli, non concise.)- Wic. Num. x. 7.

Stoundmele from the heuen adoun

Goddys aungel came.-Lyfe of our Ladye, e. 3, c. 2.

STRACHY. It. Stratico, or Stradico, was a kind of officer or magistrate. Florio. And Menage, Le Origini, says, That Stratico was the title of the Governor of Messina. The Lat. Strategus, straticus, stratigus, was the prefect or governor of any state or province. Gr. Erparnyos, Du Cange. And Strachy is by easy corruption, Strategy, stratgy, strachy.

The Lady of the Strachy is, thus, the Lady of the Governor.

STRAIGHT.

Whan Ilion

Was wonne, and Pirrus with his streite swerd,
Whan he had hent King Priam by the berd
And slain him.

Chaucer. Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15363.

STRAIN. Shakespeare, Winter's Tale, To extend beyond; to exceed the bounds of propriety; to transgress (the bound of honour). And in Midsummer Night's Dream, some excess: some transgression.

Or, elles, if free chois be granted me,
To do that same thing, or to do it nought,
Though God forwote it or that it was wrought,
Or, if his weting streineth neuer a del
But by necessitee condicionel.

Her.

Chaucer. Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15256. Since he (Polyxenes) came With what encounter so uncurrent, I Hane strayn'd t'appeare thus: If one jot beyond The bound of honor, or in act, or will That way enclining, hard'ned be the hearts

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And he schewide to me a flood of quycke water schyning as cristal comynge forth of the seete of God, and of the tombe in the myddil of the street of it (in medio platea) and on ech side of the flood the tree of lyf. Wic. Rev. c. xxii.

STRENE. See STRAIN, s.
STRENGTH.

And loo! thei applieden to day to the heet rocke in Jerusalem, for to occupie it, and thei strengthide a strengthing in Bethsura (munitionem munierunt). Wic. 1 Mac. vi. 26.

STREPEROUS.

Nay, such an one perhaps would be more pleased with the streperous noise of a single fiddle or the rustical musick of the country bagpipes, or the dull humming of a Jew's trump, than the fullest and most exquisitely composed harmony.-Cudworth. Immutable Morality, c. ii. $15. STRETCH. See Chapman in v. Streak, in Dictionary.

Thei over lond straketh.
Piers Plouhman's Crede, v. 164.
They strecchet hem brode.
Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1096.
And his power shal fro royame to royame
The bondes stratche of his ryalte.

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STU

And what man that is wounded with the stroke
Shal never be hole, till that you list of grace
To stroken him with the platte in thilke place,
Ther he is hurt (by the sword).

Id. The Squieres Tale, v. 10476. The price must be the same with the true market price; the measure according to the common measure stricked. N. Bacon. Historical Discourse, pt. ii. c. 7, p. 65. STRIP.

Upon the pover folke thei geten
Ful muche of that thei spende or kepe;
N'is none of hem that thei n'il strepe.

STRIVE.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 6820.

Forsothe Y knowe thi striuynge (contentionem), and thi moost hard not it lyuynge me and goynge yn with towe, euermore stryuyngli (contentiose) ze diden atens the Lord. Wic. Deut. xxxi. 27. Stonde thou not azen the face of the strifful (L. V. dispisyng, contumeliosi), lest he sit as a speie to thi mouth. Id. Ecc. viii. 14.

Whi thanne turned awei is this puple into Jerusalem with striuous turning awei. (L. V. ful of stryf, contentiosa.) Id. Jer. viii. 5. STROND. And thei jeden til to the stronde of clustre. (E.V. rennyng watir, ad torrentem.)— Wic. Num. xiii. 21.

Wherfor it is seid in the book of batels of the Lord, As he dide in the reed see, so he schal do in the strondis (E. V. rennynge waters) of Arnon; the harde rochis of the strondis weren bowid, that thei shulen reste in Arnon. Id. lb. xxi. 14.

STRONG.

And thei chidden strongli (fortiter), and almest diden violence. Wic. Judges viii. 1. (Strongliere, fortius.-Id. lb. xx. 41. Stronglieste, firmissime.-Id. Ib. ix. 51.) Than arne thei folk that han most God in awe, And strengest faithed ben, I understonde, And con an errour alderbest withstonde.

STROY.

Chaucer. Troylus and Cressida, b. i. v. 1007.

Wallid cites of riche men it stroyede (L. V. destried, destruxit), and the housis of grete men it mynede out. Wie. Eccl. xxviii. 17.

STRUMPET.

Thei (Symeon and Levi) answeriden, Whether as a strumpet (L. V. hoore, scorto) thei shulden mysuse our sistre?- Wic. Gen. xxxiv. 31.

STUB.

And othere senen, thinne and smytun with corrupcioun of brennyng wynd, camen forth of the stobil (E. V. stalk, e stipula) and deuouriden the fairenesse of the formere. Wic. Gen. xli. 23.

STUD.

Betere is the liflode of the pore, vndir the roof of stoodes (L. V. sparres, asserum), than plenteuous shynende metes in pilgrymaging withoute hous.- Wic. Eccl. xxix. 29. STUDY, v.

They shoulden nowght stodyen biforne,
Ne sturren her wyttes.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1171.
And leten hire labour lost,
And al hire long studie.-Id. Ib. v. 360.
STUFF.

Of whiche thyngs old age is bettir prouided and stuffed by experience thenne any othir age.

The Boke of Tulle of Old Age. Carton, e. F. STULPES. Used by Fabyan, where he relates that Jack Cade drove back the citizens "from the stulpes in Southwark, or brydge foot, unto the drawe bridge. A. D. 1450."

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Poor stumbler on the rocky coast of woe,
Tutored by pain each source of pain to know.
Coleridge. To an Infant.
STUPRATION.

The sones of Jacob answeriden to Sichem, and to the fader of hym in trechery, waxynge cruel, for the stupre of the sister. (L. V. defoulyng of the maidenhood, ob stuprum.)- Wic. Gen. xxxiv. 13; also 27.

STURB, v. i. e. Disturb, qv. And see also Wielif, in v. Stone, supra.

Whi dreri art thou, my soule, and whi al to-sturbist thou me? (L. V. troublist, conturbas.)- Wic. Ps. xlii. 5. Also written sturblist.

STUT.

SUB

And the tunge of stuttyng men (L. V. bufferes, balborum) schal speke swiftli, and pleynli.-Wic. Is. xxxii. 4.

STY, s.

He steigh up to hevene. Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1616. My sty (L. V. path, semitam) he heggide aboute, and I mai not gon ouer.- Wic. Job xix. 8.

Lo, forsothe shorte zeris passen, and the sty, bi the whiche I shal not be turned azeen, I go.-Id. Ib. xvi. 23. Be maad Dan an horned eddre in the path, biting the eleen (claws, hoof) of an hors, that the steyer (L. V. stiere, ascensor) vp of hymn falle bacward.-ld. Gen. xlix. 17. Blessid is the man whose help is of thee; he hath disposid stiyngs in his herte, in the vallei of teeris (ascensiones).-Id. Ps. lxxxiv. 3.

STYGIAL, adj. Lat. Stygius.

STYGIAN.

oath by the Styx. Virgil, infra.

Stygian pool, Si. e. of hell. Stygian oath, i. e. See Quotation from Dryden's

By the Stygial flode, and the stremes wode,
Of Cocytus bottomlesse well.

Skelton. The Crowne of Lawrell.
Thee (holy light) I revisit now with bolder wing,
Escap'd the Stygian pool, though long detain'd
In that obscure sojourn.-Milton. Par. L. b. x. v. 14.

Son of Anchises, offspring of the Gods,

The Sibyl said, You see the Stygian floods,

The sacred streams, which Heav'n's imperial state
Attests in oaths, and fears to violate.

Dryden. Virgil. Æneid, b. vi. v. 442. Honest men's words are Stygian oaths, and promises inviolable.-Browne. Christian Morals, pt. iii. § 19.

STYLE.

And that disdayne may not my style beraye, With humble herte thus to hym I praye.

P.

5.

Lyfe of our Ladye. W. Carton, c. 5, col. 1. Be to my style ful dyreccion.-Id. Ib. On these (tables of wood covered over with wax, of which Homer makes mention) they wrote with a bodkin or style of iron, with which they engraved their letters in the wax, and hence it is that the different ways of men's writings or compositions are called different styles.

Prideaux. Connection, pt. i. b. 7, p. 707. Proper words in proper places make the true definition of a style.-Swift. "Letter to a young Clergyman.

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Forthermore the sonis of Juda and of Jerusalem zee wiln subjecten (L. V. make suget, subjicere) to zou. Wic. 2 Par. xxviii. 10. And thei weren not soietable (redi to be suget, subjectibiles) to hym.-ld. Bar. i. 18.

For ther n'is god in heuen or hel, iwys, But he hath ben right soget unto Loue. Chaucer. Court of Love, v. 93. In these words there are two manifest untruths. The one is, that Mr. Bold peremptorily declares-That subjective faith is not enquired into, i. e. spoken of in the reasonableness of Christianity. The other untruth is, his saying -That the animadverter (Mr. Bold) avers that Christian faith and Christianity considered subjectively are the same.-Locke. A Second Vindication, &c. Works, v. iii. p. 265, 4to. ed.

Mr. Bold replies, " His (Locke's) enquiry and search was not concerning Christian faith, considered subjectively but objectively; what the articles be which must be believed to make a man a Christian, and not with what sort of faith these articles are to be believed."-Id. Ib. p. 264.

SUB-LAPSARIAN, also called Infra-lapsarian. They believe the fall permitted, not predetermined. The supra-lavsarians, that it was predetermined

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Wher dwellen ye, if it to tellen be?
In the subarbes of a toun, quoth he,
Lurking in hernes and in lanes blind.

SUCCEED.

Chaucer. Chan. Yem. Tale, v. 16126.
Success is used by Spenser as suc-

cession.
Then all the sonnes of these five brethren raynd
By dew successe.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 10, § 45.
Thus high uplifted beyond hope (Satan) aspires
Beyond thus high, insatiate to pursue
Vain warr with Heav'n, and by success untaught,
His proud imagination thus displaid.
Milton. Par. L. b. ii, v, 9.
What to this house successively is done (i. e. fully)
Was full of peril.
Fairefar. Godfrey of Bulloigne, b. i. st. 24.
SUCCISION, s. Lat. Succisio, An undercut-

ting.

There be two books that seem to cross the authorities

touching the interest of the windfalls, 7 Henry VI. and 44 Edward III. f. 44, where upon waste brought and assigned in the succision of trees, the justification is, that they were overthrown by the wind, and so the lessee took them for fuel, and allowed a good plea.-Bacon. Works, v. ii. p. 455. Case of Impeachment of Waste.

SUCK.

Whi was Y takun on knees? Whi was Y suclid (E. V. soukid, lactatus) on teetis ?- Wic. Job iii. 12.

And Manaen that was the sowkynge feere (collactaneus) of Eroude tetrarche.-Id. Deeds xiii. 1.

SUCKENY. Fr. Souquenie. A canvas jacket, frock, or gaberdine. Such an one as our porters wear. Cot. See Menage, and Soscania in Du Cange. And she (Dame Fraunchese) had on a suckiny, That not of hempe, ne herdes was.

SUDDEN.

SUM

And we answerden to hym (Joseph) sewingly (L. V. suyngli, consequenter) aftir that that he askide.

Wic. Gen. xliii. 7. He shal be repreued bi hise suyngis. (E.V. infolewingis, insectationibus.)-Id. Ecc. xxxii. 23.

That af hym silf for us that he schulde azen bye us fro al wickidnesse, and made clene a peple acceptable to him silf, suere of good werkis.-Id. Titus ii. 14.

SUFFER.

The werk is aboue thi strengthis, thou aloone maist not suffre it. (E.V. susteyne it, sustinere.)—Wic. Er. xviii. 18. SUFFICE.

Betere is a pore man, and suffisaunt. (L. V. sufficient, sufficiens.)- Wic. Prov. xii. 9.

SUFFIX, v. and s. In Grammar-To add or subjoin a letter or syllable.

SUFFLATION, s. Lat. Sufflare, to blow under or from below. Sufflatio, A blowing out.

The admission, once, of a perpetual and unerring sufflation (in the Jewish historians), not only in my mind destroys their credibility throughout; but is, moreover, highly injurious to the Supreme Being, as it makes him the primitive author of all they relate.

Geddes. Pref. to second Vol. of Trans. of the Bible, p. v. SUFFRAGE. Low Lat. Suffragia, orationes; prayers. See Quotations from Leland and Frith in Dictionary.

For thenne we praye and demaunde the suffrages of alle the sayntes.-The Golden Legend, fo. 22, c. 2. Caxton. SUGAR.

It would have been as well if the Dr. (Johnson) had not recorded his dishes of sugarless tea, or the dinners at which he ate too much.-Cowper to Newton, Aug. 27, 1785.

SUGGEST. In Piers Plouhman and Chaucer, Suggestion is Supplex libellus, Epistola rogatoria. See Du Cange. And in this usage it was probably first introduced into our language.

Beggeres ne bidderes,

Ne beth noght in the bulle,
But if the suggestion be sooth
That shapeth them to begge.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 4605. Haue mynde of me, whanne it were wel with thee, and mercy thow shalt do with me, and thow make suggestion (suggeras) to Pharao, that he lede me out of this prisoun. Wic. Bible. Gen. xl. 14. And, that thou mayst perceive my fear of this, Knowing that tender youth is soon suggested,

I nightly lodge her in an upper tower.
Shakespeare. Two Gent. of Verona, act iii. sc. 1.
SUIT. See SUE.

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I suppose it would much conduce to the magnanimity and honour of man, if a collect were made of the ultimities

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 1232. (as the schooles' speake) or summities (as Pindar) of hu

(Thei) shul merueilen in the sodeynesse (sudeynte, subitatione) of the vnhopide helthe.- Wic. Wisd. v. 2.

SUE. Suit of horses. See in v. River, QuoSUIT.tation from Beaumont and Fletcher, supra. (Christ) sayde to his sueres

For sothe on this wyse.-Piers Plouhman's Crede, v. 293.

mane nature, principally out of the faithfull reports of history. That is: what is the last and highest pitch, to which man's nature of it selfe hath euer reach't in all the perfections both of mind and body.

Wats. Bacon. Advancement of Learning, b. iv. c. 1.

SUMMON.

Ac a sisour and a somonour

Sued hire faste.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 2415.

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At the Florentine Council the Latins acted their masterpiece of wit and stratagem, the greatest that hath been till the famous and super-politick design of Trent.

Bp. Taylor. Liberty of Prophecy, s. viii. § 2.

SUPER-SEMINATE, v. To sow; to spread or scatter seed over. See SEMINAL.

They that have the guiding of souls must remember that they must render an account; and that cannot be done with joy, when it shall be indifferent to any man to super-seminate what he please.

Bp. Taylor. Office Ministerial, s. iii. § 15. SUPPER. See SUP.

SUPPLANT, v. Whether God supplaunteth dom (supplantat judicium), and the Almişti turneth vp so doun, that is ritwis! Wic. Job viii. 3. Simplenesse of ritwis men shal rist reule them; and supplaunting (L. V. disseiuing, supplantatio) of peruertid men shal waste them.-Id. Prov. xi. 3.

His visage (Satan) drawn he felt to sharp and spare,
His armes clung to his ribs, his legs entwining

Each other, till, supplanted, down he fell,
A monstrous serpent on his belly prone.

SUPPLE.

Milton. Par. L. b. x. v. 513.

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The shadowes and figures of the old law were full of reason and signification, much differing from the ceremonies of idolatry and magique, which were surde and mute (surda et muta).

Wats. Bacon. Advancement of Learning, b. ix. c. 1. He who hath had the patience of Diogenes, to make orations unto statues, may more sensibly apprehend how all words fall to the ground, spent upon such a surd and earless generation of men, stupid unto all instruction, and rather requiring an exorcist than an orator for their conversion. Browne. Christian Morals, pt. iii. § 6.

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Which by fals accusacions and conspiracyes made hym to be uniustely accused and sklaundered, and surmytted vpon him forged maters. The Boke of Tulle of Old Age. Caxton, h. 2.

SURNAME. Therfor Jacob cam to Lusa, which is in the lond of Canaan, bi sire name Bethel (cognomento). Wic. Gen. xxxv. 6. In the name of the Lord, to whom is the sur-name (E. V. to-name) God off Irael.-Id. Ecclus. xlvii. 19.

SURPLICE. The surplice was a female as well as a male vest, and black as well as white, as we learn from Du Cange-who quotes from an old statuteHabeat quælibet monialis quolibet anno duo supplicia (f. superpellicia) alba et duo nigra, quæ terram tangant. The monialis, or monacha-was the female devotee.

Forsothe Samuel seruede before the face of the Lord, a child gird with a surplesse. (L. V. lynnun cloth, ephod linea.)-Wic. 1 Kings ii. 18. (In 2 Par. v. 12, byssinis.)

The minister at the tyme of the comunion and at al other times in his ministracion shall use nether albe, vestemet, nor cope: but beyng archebishop or bishop, he shall haue and weare a rochet: and being a priest or deacon, he shal haue and weare a surples only.

The Boke of Common Prayer, &c. Whitechurch, 1552. SURQUEDRY.

They are puffed full of vaynglorious and surcudant elacyon.-Skelton. Replycacion, v. i. p. 209. Dyce.

SURVENUE. Fr. Survenue. A stepping or coming in unlooked for. Cotgrave. From Survenir. See SURVENE.

Nor did the fundamentals (of government) alter either by the diversity and mixture of people of several nations in the first entrance, nor from the Danes or Normans in their survenue. N. Bacon. Historical Discourse, pt. i. c. 42.

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Suspiris, which I effunde in silence.

SUSTAIN.

Chaucer. Cuckoo and Nightingale, v. 305.

Ferthermore and Y axide not the sustenauncis (E. V. maad ful pore.-Wic. 2 Esd. v. 18. zeris frutis, annonas) of my duchie: for the puple was

SUSTER. SUSTRENE.

SWA. See So.

SWAG.
SWAGGER.

See SISTER.

Mr. Mitford thinks that Belswagger, qv. is Belly-swagger. One, as Browne expresses it, with a Swaggy belly.—Cursory Notes on Beaumont and Fletcher.

SWALE.

SWI

And whan the sunne was sprungen, the Lord comaundide to the hote wynd and brennynge: and the sunne smote on the hed of Jonas, and he swalide (@stuabat). Wic. Jonah iv. 8.

And the word of the Lord was maad as fier swalynge (E. V. gretly hetende, ignis exæstuans) in myn herte, and cloosid in my boonys.-Id. Jer. xx. 9.

SWALLOW.

Salomon beeldide Mello, and euenede the swehez (L. V. swolowe, voraginem) of the citee of Dauid, his fader. Wic. 3 Kings xi. 27. (God) that doth awei the dropis rein, and heeldeth (L. V. schedith) out wederes at the licnesse of swolewis (L. V. floodgatis, gurgitum) that of the cloudis flowen. Id. Job xxxvi. 27.

SWAN.

And though you have a swannet of your own,
Within the banks of Doven, meditates
Sweet notes to you, and your renown.

SWAP.

Daniel. Ded. to Philotas.

And with his grim pawes so stronge,
Within his sharpè nailes long,
Me fleying at a swappe he hent.

SWART.

Chaucer. House of Fame, b. ii. v. 35.

An herbe he brought flourelesse, all grene,
All full of small leves and plaine,

Swart, and long.-Chaucer. Dreame, v. 1864.
SWEAR.

This thing was granted, and our othes swore,
With ful glad herte.

Chaucer. Canterbury Tales Prol. v. 812.
They falsen ladies traitoursly,
And swerne hem othes utterly,
With many a lesing.-Id. Rom. of the Rose, v. 4837.
SWEAT.

In the swoot (in sudore) of thi chere or face, thou shalt ete thi brede.- Wic. Gen. iii. 19.

With myche traueile it is maad in sweet. (L. V. it was swat, sudatum est.)-Id. Ez. xxiv. 12. His faire stede in his priking So swatte, that men might him wring, His sides were al blood.

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Jee forsothe wileth not heren your profetus, and deuynoures, and sweueneres. (L. V. dremers, somniatores.) Wic. Jer. xxvii. 9.

Why this a dreme, why that a sweven,

I n'ot.-Chaucer. House of Fame, v. 9.
Me mette suche a swevining,
That liked me wonderous well,
But in that swerin is ner a dele
That it n'is afterwarde befal,
Right as this dreme will tell us al

Id. Rom. of the Rose, vv. 26, 28.

SWEYE, i. e. Swough, qv.
SWIG.

The bleating rams
Securely swig the dug beneath the dams.

Dryden. En. b. ix. v. 73.
SWIM. See Milton, in v. Walk, infra.
Which trowestow of the two
That is in moost drede?

SYN

He that never ne dyved,

Ne noght han of swymmyng?

Or the swymmere that is saaf

By so hymself like.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 7754.
Every one of you swimmeth in love.
SWINDLE.

Bible, 1549. 2 Thess. i.

O'Don. After that you turned swindler, and got out of gaol by an act for the relief of insolvent debtors. Foote. The Capuchin, A. 2. SWINE. But the Goth. Swein, &c. seem to militate against this etymology (sc. sowen, pl. of sow); and Swyn, Sus, is used by Wiclif in the singular.

A swiyn (E. V. sowe, sus) that chewith not code, thou he departith the clee,-ze schulen not ete the fleisch of. Wic. Lev. xi. 8.

SWINK.

What! shulde he

Swinken with his hondes.
Chaucer. Canterbury Tales Prol. v. 186.
He had swonken all night long.
Id. The Reves Tale, v. 4233.
SWIPE, i. e. Sweep.
SWIVE, v. From the Ger. Schweben, se movere,
agitare. Skinner.

Thus suired was the carpenteres wif,
For all his keping and his jalousie.

Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3848.

Thus is the proude Miller wel ybette,-
His wif is suived, and his doughter, als;
Lo, swiche it is, a miller to be fals.
SWOON.

Id. The Reves Tale, v. 4315.

Repentedsotow noght, quod Repentaunce,
And right with that he swowned.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 3372. And whan he spac, efte she fel doun, and utterli swounede. (L. V. and was almest deed, pane exanimata est.)

SWOUGH. SWEIGH. SWEGH.

Wic. Esth. xv. 18. In Sc. Souch, soogh, swooch; to emit a rushing or whistling sound, from the A. S. Sweg-an, sweog-an, sonare, tinnire. Jamieson. But Lye adds, cum sono irruere. And Chaucer renders the Lat. Turbo, Sweigh; a different way of writing swough, first applied to the motion (the sweepy sway. Dryden), then to the sound caused by or accompanying the motion, perhaps the swaying of waves, trees, &c. And as I lay and lenede,

And loked on the watres,

I slombred into a slepyng,

It sweyed so merrily.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 20.

First on the wall was peinted a forest

In which ther ran a romble and a swcough,
As though a storme shulde bresten every bough.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1981.

He wepeth, and waileth, maketh sory chere,
He siketh (sigheth) with ful many a sory swrough.
Id. The Milleres Tale, v. 3619.

Oh firste moving cruel firmament,
With thy diurnal swegh that croudest, ay,
And hurtlest all from est to occident,
That naturally wold hold another way.

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Hallam. Literature of Europe, v. ii. p. 154. SYSTASIS. Gr. Evoracic, constitutio; σvvSYSTATICK. Loraodai, constituere; to stand

together.

There be also other diversities of methods, vulgar and received; as that of resolution or analysis, of constitution or systasis, of concealment or cryptic, &c. which I do well allow of. Wats. Bacon. Advancement of Learning, b. ii. As for those other methods, analytique, systatique, cryptique, and the like they have ben well invented and dis

tributed.-Id. lb. b. vi. c. 2.

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When the Commons suspected that a favourite bill would be rejected, they tacked it to a money bill; and as it was not possible to proceed without the supply, and as it became necessary to reject or receive both the Bills thus tacked together, this expedient perfectly answered its purpose. Swift. Contests in Athens, &c. n.

TAIL. Rowena is described by Robert of Gloudrawing aside her Tail. See in v. Wassail, infra. cester, when presenting the cup to Vortiger, as

TAIL, v. To stave and tail in bear baiting; to stave, or with staves to keep, off, the dogs; to drag them off by the tail.

Meanwhile th' approached the place, where Bruin
Was now engag'd to mortal ruin;
The conquering foe they first assail'd,
First Trulla star'd, and Cerdon taild,
Untill their mastiffs loos'd their hold.

Butler. Hudibras, pt. i. c. 3, v. 10.
So lawyers, least the Bear, defendant,
And plaintiff, Dog, should make an end on't,
Do stave and tail, with writs of errour,
Reverse of judgment and demurrer.

Id. Ib. pt. i. c. 2, v. 161. TAILLE. See TALE, TELL, TALLY, infra. Outtake that which men that weren on the talagis, that Id. Man of Lawes Tale, v. 4716. is rentis for thingis borun aboute in the lond. (E. V. tollis, Thou, maker of the wheele (orbis) that turnest the hea-vestigallia.)- Wic. 3 Kings x. 15. ven with a ravishing sweigh (turbine).

Id. Boecius, b. i. m. 5.

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TAINT, v. Clooth.

Y-touked and y-teynted.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 10533. Mach. Till Byrnane Wood remoue to Dunsinane I cannot taint with feare.

Shakespeare. Macbeth, act v. sc. 3. Do not fear. I have a staff to taint and bravely. Massinger. Parliament of Love, act iv. sc. 3. TAKE. See ATAKE, supra.

TAKE.

And took it (the law) Moyses to teche men Til Messie coome.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 10735. And wyues thei token (duxerunt) douztres of hem, and thei token (L. V. gauen, tradiderunt) her dou3tris to the sones of hem, and serueden to the Goddis of hem. Wic. Judg. iii. 6. He toke (brought) me certain gold I wote it well. Chaucer. Shipmannes Tale, v. 13334. TALE. Chaucer has Tailer, tailing, as we use Talker, talking. To tell the tale, or take the tale, is sometimes, recensere numerum (see the Quotations from Milton and Dryden) in the Georgics rendered -To take a just account. See RETAIL. See Tale105

To that man kneled;-
Told him a tale,
And took hym a noble.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1445.

I took it (gold) by tale here,
And told hem there lasse.-Id. Ib. v. 2975.

And the tale (L. V. fame, rumor) of hym wente forth anoon in to al the cuntree of Galilee.- Wic. Mark i. 28. I wist neuer how ferre thine exile was, if the tale (oratio) ne had yshewed it me.-Chaucer. Boecius, b. i. pr. 5, Thus endeth now my tale, and God us sende Taling enough unto our lives end.

Id. Shipmannes Tale, v. 13364. See that ye delyver the whole tale of brycke.

And every shepherd tells his tale, Under the hawthorn in the dale.

Bible, 1549. Exod. v.

Milton. Allegory, v. 67.

But old Anchises, in a flowry vale,
Review'd his muster'd race and took the tale.

TALENT.

Dryden. Virg. Æn. b. vi. v. 921. The substantive is now applied TALENTED. by us to the talent delivered, to the gift, the endowment. It is applied by Chaucer (aliquantum deflexo sensu, as Skinner justly observes, from the Latin, though some etymologies seek a different origin) to the disposition of mind— from that manifested by the different servantsgood and wicked, to whom the talents were delivered for use. Chaucer renders the Lat. Affectus, from Boecius-Talent. Gower, and since his time, Clarendon and Swift (improperly, Johnson says), use the word in a similar manner. Lord Clarendon writes: "The nation was without any ill talent towards the Church," i. e. male-talent, as Chaucer also writes, or ill disposition.

66

Swift. It is the talent of human nature to run from one extreme to another," i. e. the disposition.

Talented (charged to be an Americanism) was found by Todd to have been used as early as the time of James I. It is regularly formed from the noun: as in the moneyed and landed interest; lilied banks, daisied field, &c.

And all to torne laie eke her here
About her shulders here and there,
As she that had it all to rent
For angre and for male-talent.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 330. What a miserable and restless thing ambition is, when one talented but as a common person, yet by the favour of his prince, hath gotten that interest, that in a sort, all the keys of England hang at his girdle!-Archbishop Abbot, in Rushworth's Collections, p. 449 (in Todd).

TALL.

Boadicea and her daughters ride about in a chariot, telling the tall champions as a great encouragement, that with the Britans it was usual for woemen to be thir leaders. Milton. History of England, b. ii. TALLOW. Is not uncommon in Wiclif's Bible, for fat.

There (thow) shalt not leeue the talowy (L. V. fatnesse, adipem) of my solempnete vnto the morwen. Wic. Ex. xxiii. 18.

TALLY. See TALE, TAILLE.
He taketh me but a taille,
For ten quarters of otes.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 2197.
If I bigge and borwe aught,
But if it be y-tailed,

I foryete it as yerne.-Id. Ib. v. 3332.
For whether he paid, or toke by taille,
Algate he waited so in his achate,
That he was ay before in good estate.

Chaucer. Canterbury Tales Prologue, v. 572. TAMARISK. So called, because it grows on the banks of the Tamaris or Tambro, on the borders of the Pyrenees.

TAMPION. Fr. Tampion. A bung or stopple. Cotgrave. Is used by Skelton in the Garlande of Lawrell, v. 642.

TAP.

And yet hane I alway a coltes tothe,
As many a yere as it is passed henne,
Sin that my tappe of lif began to renne.
For sikerly whan I was borne anon
Deth drew the tappe of lif, and let it gon.

Chaucer. The Reves Prologue, v. 3888.
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