Mycologist, Miss E. J. Welsford, M.B.E., 500l. to 7502. Inspectors of Plantations, C. A. O'Connor, G. Judicial and Legal Departments. Judge, T. S. Tomlinson, 1,300%. Assistant Judge, Haythorne Reed, 900l. Magistrates, S. H. Greville-Smith, Capt. B. A. K. McRoberts, Capt. A. M. Grieve, 500l. to 7002. Registrar, J. Parnall, 500l. to 6007. Administrator-General's Department. Administrator-General, W. M. Keatinge, 600l. to 7007., 50%. allowance as Secretary to Wakf Commission. Attorney-General's Department. Attorney-General, S. S. Abrahams, 9007. Crown Solicitors. Crown Solicitors, Messrs. Mead and Wiggins, 4007. Police and Prisons Departments. Commandant of Police and Governor of Gaols, Capt. G. E. Smith, 7007. Assistant Commandant of Police, G. Whittington, 450l. to 5507. Inspector, W. Manning, 300l. to 4007. Chief Prison Officer, J. H. Hewett, M.B. E., 3501. to 4507. Medical Department. Deputy-Principal Medical Officer (vacant), 1,000Z. Senior Medical Officer, J. S. de Sousa, 8007. to 9007. Temporary Medical Officers, H. Waller, 600/. to 700.; R. Howard, M.B.E., 8001.; P. L. L. Craig, 7001.; H. G. Phippen, 7007. Matron, Mrs. E. K. Zurcher, R. R.C., 250l. to 3501., and 201. uniform allowance. Nursing Sisters, Misses A. E. Chambers, N. Marson, M. Gittens, A. B. Bailey, Miss C. E. Lewis, Mrs. Howard, 2001. to 250., and 207. uniform allowance. Public Health Department. Medical Officer of Health, B. Spearman, 600l. to 9007., 1007. personal allowance (non-pensionable). Assistant Medical Officer of Health, H. C. E. Quin, 600l. to 900., 1007. non-pensionable allowance. Economic Biologist, W. M. Aders, 500l. to 750l. Education Department. European Masters, G. B. Johnson, L. W. Director of Education, W. Hendry, 8007. Hollingsworth, 500l. to 6007. Public Works Department. Director of Public Works, A. McClure, 007. Assistant Director of Public Works, S. P. Bland, 7002. District Engineer, W. Fairley, 600l. to 7007. Assistant Engineers, E. Wiltshire, H. C. Platts, M.C., 400l. to 6001. Storekeeper, J. H. Bennett, 4007. to 500. Architectural Assistant, P. C. Harris, 400l. to 500%. Superintendent of Water Works, E. Cuss, 4007. to 5007. Senior Clerk of Works, F. Roylance, 4007. to 5007. Clerks of Works, W. J. Gulliver, W. J. Borrow, 3007. to 400Z. Overseer Mechanic, W. B. Spink, 300l. to 4007. Railway and Electricity Department. Director, R. Withycombe, M.B.E., 800l., 2007. Wireless Telegraph allowance. Assistant Director, S. W. Dyer, 500., by 251. to 700l. Assistant, W. H. Elston, 400l. by 20l. to 500/. APPENDIX TO PART II. This Appendix gives some account of Iraq (Mesopotamia), North Borneo, Palestine, Sarawak and certain miscellaneous British Possessions and Protectorates which are not included in the main portion of the Historical and Statistical Account above. IRAQ (MESOPOTAMIA). Iraq, in the sense in which the name is used now, is that part of the former Ottoman Empire which stretches from Fao on the Persian Gulf to a point north of Mosul and just south of Jazirah-Bin-Umar, on the Tigris. It comprises the vilayets of Basrah, Baghdad and Mosul, with the exception of Amadiyah which, by the Treaty of Sèvres, is left to Turkey. The area of Iraq is about 116,511 square miles. It is bounded on the north by the new Turkish frontier, which approximates to latitude 37° N. and follows the northern boundary of the vilayet of Mosul. On the east, it is bounded by Persia The frontier, the delimitation of which was completed by a Turko-Persian Commission in 1914, runs in the north through, and in the southern portion skirts, the Kurdish mountains which form the western edge of the Persian plateau, and descends 10 miles above Mohammerah to the Shatt-al-Arab, the river formed by the union of the Euphrates and the Tigris. On the south, Iraq is bounded by the Persian Gulf and Koweit; and on the south-west and west by the deserts of northern Arabia and Syria. On the the north-west, the boundary between Iraq and Syria was settled by the Franco-British Convention of 23rd December, 1920. It runs from the Tigris at Feishkhabur to Albu Kemal on the Euphrates, and thence across the desert to Imtar, south of Jebel Druz. Apart from the hill country in the north-east, Iraq mainly consists of great plains traversed by the Euphrates and the Tigris. The country between these rivers is divided into two parts. The southern portion, stretching from Baghdad to Basrah is a great alluvial plain about 35,000 square miles in area with a fertile soil wherever the land can be irrigated without being drowned. A considerable extent of it is, however, covered by marshes formed by the uncontrolled action of the rivers and canals. The northern portion known as Jazirah or "the Island," is more undulating, and is in places broken by ranges of hills. It is fertile under irrigation in the north, but further south the plains become more arid until it passes into a hard desert tract. The climate of Iraq is of the continental sub-tropical type, with very high temperatures in summer in the plains. In July and August the mean daily maximum temperature is 104° F. at Basrah, and 110° F. at Baghdad, while in December and January the mean daily minimum temperature is 47° F. at Basra and 40° F. at Bahgdad. The rainy season is from November to March. There is a rainless summer of six months lasting from about April to September. The Mosul area has a rainfall of about 13 inches a year and relies on the rain to grow its crops. The rest of the country, however, has an annual rainfall of only about seven inches, and the crops are grown, with very little help from the rain, on irrigated land. The chief towns are Baghdad, Basrah, Mosul, Kerbela, and Nejef. The two last, situated on the edge of the Arabian desert, are pilgrim centres which attract Shiahs from all parts of the Mohammedan world, but especially from Persia and India. Population. According to a census taken in 1920 the popula tion numbers 2,849,282, made up as follows: * The figures for Mosul include the population of the Kurdish area of Sulaimaniyah, viz., 155,000, of whom all but 1,100 are Sunnis. Natural Products. The chief articles of export from Iraq before the war were dates, wool and barley. Dates and wool have continued to be exported, but the export of barley has fallen almost to nothing, mainly because of the purchases made by the British military authorities in Iraq. Round Mosul the prevailing crop is wheat, but all the wheat grown is consumed in the country. Rice, in most cases 'red "rice of inferior quality, is grown on the swampy lands on the Middle Euphrates, in the Amarah area on the Tigris, and 66 to a small extent, on the Diyala canals, near Baghdad. Rice of better quality but in very small quantities is grown in the Kurdish hills. In the Kurdish regions round Sulaimaniyah and Rowanduz and to the north of Mosul tobacco is an important crop. The crop is hardly sufficient for local requirements. None is exported. In the Baghdad Vilayet cotton can be grown. Experiments carried out since the occupation of Baghdad in 1917 tend to show that Iraq cotton compares favourably with cotton grown in other parts of the world. Wool is exported in considerable quantities. | Government and the Government of Iraq. The The principal sheep rearing districts are the Naqib resigned office in November, and a new Mosul area and the Kurdish hills. previously served under him was formed under cabinet, mainly composed of ministers who had the Presidency of 'Abdul Muhsin Beg Sa'dun. EXPENDITURE. There are traces of petroleum in many places round Mosul and Kirkuk and near the Persian frontier in the direction of Khanaqin. Minor products are millet, licorice root, gallnuts, gum and dye-roots. Metre Gauge. 1. From Basrah to Baghdad with branch to Hindiyah Barrage. 2. From Baghdad to Quraitu on the Persian frontier with a branch line to Kifri. In all, 609 miles of open line and 884 miles track mileage. Standard Gauge (4ft. 8in.). 3. From Baghdad to Shargat 187 miles of open line and 213 miles track mileage. With the exception of about 75 miles of the Baghdad-Shargat line, which was built by the Baghdad Railway Company before the war, the whole of this railway system has been made by the British authorities during and since the war. There is a gap of 70 miles between the Mesopotamian railhead at Shargat and Mosul; and the Baghdad Railway comes down to Nisibin, about 110 miles from Mosul. Thus railway commnication between Constantinople and Basrah, vi Aleppo, Mosul and Baghdad is complete except for a gap of less than 200 miles. Liwa. Qadha. Nahiyah. As Iraq came under British control, as a result of the military operations of 1914-1918, British Political Officers took over the administration of liwas and qadhas, working under the orders of the Chief Political Officer (later the Civil Commissioner). This system was modified when Sir Percy Cox was appointed High Commissioner. When he took up his post in the autumn of 1920, he organised a provisional native Government composed of a Council of Arab Ministers which was presided over by the Naqib of Baghdad. On August 23rd, 1921, the Sharif Faisal, third son of the King of the Hejaz was proclaimed King of Iraq, by virtue of a referendum to the people, which resulted in his election by 96%. The government of the country is thus vested in an Iraq Government, the King being advised by the British High Commissioner, while each Ministry has a British Adviser attached to it. Every Liwa is administered by a native Muta arrif, who is assisted by a British Inspector. On October 11th, 1922, the High Commissioner and the Naqib signed a treaty (not yet ratified) to regulate the relations between His Majesty's 1921-22 REVENUE. Rs. 573,29,010 IMPORTS. Rs. 634,20,581 EXPORTS. To Total. Total. U.K. Rs. 1920-21 92,551,947 289,646,726 12,405,059 127,743,117 1921-22 67,250,029 9,638,095 Dobbin. High Commissioner, Sir P. Z. Cox, G.C.M.G., Private Secretary, Capt. R. E. Cheeseman. G.C.L.E., K.C.S.I. Counsellor, Sir Henry Dobbs, K.C.S.I., K. C.I.E. Judicial Adviser, N. Davidson. Secretary, B. H. Bourdillon, I.C.S. Financial Adviser, H. A. Smallwood, C. M.G. Oriental Secretary, Miss Gertrude Bell, C.B. E. Assistant Secretary, R. S. M. Sturges. Under-Secretary, T. C. Wigan. Inspector-General, Iraq Levies, Lt. Col. H. T. Director of Railways, J. R. Tainsh (acting). President and Minister of Interior, 'Abdul Iraq Cabinet. Adviser, K. Cornwallis, C.B.E., D.S.O. Minister of Finance, Sasun Eff. Haskail. Muhsin Beg al Sa'dun. Adviser, S. H. Slater, C.I.E., I.C.S. Minister of Justice, Naji Beg Suwaidi. Minister of Education, Haji 'Abdul Husain Adviser, E. M. Drower. Adviser, J. A. Glen (officiating). Chalabi. Minister of Defence, Nuri Pasha Sa'id, C. M. G., D.S.O. (acting for Ja'far Pasha, C.M.G.). Adviser, Lieut.-Col. P. C. Joyce, C.B.E,, D.S.O. Minister of Communications and Works, Yasin Pasha al Hashimi. Adviser, Maj. H. H. Wheatley, O.B.E., M.C. (officiating). Minister of Auqaf, 'Abdul Latif Pasha Mandil. NORTH BORNEO. Situation and Area. The territory under the jurisdiction of the British Charter under date of 1st Nov., 1881), now known North Borneo Company (incorporated by Royal whole of the northern portion of the island of as "The State of North Borneo," comprises the Borneo from the Sipitang River on the west to lat. 4° 10' N. on the east coast, together with adjacent islands; it is held under grants from the of 31,000 square miles (equal to Scotland), with Sultans of Brunei and Sulu, and contains an area a coast line of about 900 miles. 115° 20' to 119° 20′ E. long., and from 4° 10' to It extends from 7° 25′ N. lat. The southern boundary was settled by a convention at London on the 20th June, 1891. Sandakan, Lahad Datu, and Tawao, on the east, The principal stations of the Company are at At each of these there are excellent harbours, Kudat on the north, and Jesselton on the west. especially at the first-named, which is situated in a magnificent bay some fifteen miles in length, with |