Quam neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi Aemula nec virtus Capuae, nec Spartacus acer 5 Nec fera caerulea domuit Germania pube Parentibusque abominatus Hannibal; Ferisque rursus occupabitur solum. 10 Barbarus heu cineres insistet victor, et urbem Apris reliquit et rapacibus lupis, 20 Ire pedes quocunque ferent, quocunque per undas Sic placet, an melius quis habet suadere? Secunda Sed juremus in haec: simul imis saxa renarint 25 Neu conversa domum pigeat dare lintea, quando In mare seu celsus procurrerit Apenninus, continuance of a generation, thirty or thirty-three years; still less that we should think of the war between Marius and Sulla, as betweeen Sulla and Caesar there was a period of peace and prosperity. 6. The Allobroges, a warlike tribe of the Gauls, between the Rhone and the Isère, often alarmed the Romans by their proneness to throw off the yoke whenever intestine troubles at Rome seemed to afford a favourable opportunity.—7. Caerulea, ‘blue-eyed.' 8. Parentibus, here mothers.'-9. Impia aetas devoti sanguinis, ‘a godless race, whose blood is accursed, doomed to perish." — 12. Horse. men will ride over the spots where once noble mansions stood a sign of destruction and desolation.-15. Aut melior pars. Out of quaeritis supply vos omnes, you, or the better part of you.' Carere ut careamus. Gram. 375, note 3.-17. The story of the emigration of the Phocaeans in Asia Minor, from detestation of the Persian tyranny, will be found in Herodotus, i. 165. -23. Secunda alite bono omine.-26. Ne sit nefas. The ordinary mode of expression would be nefas esse, or ut nefas sit redire, priusquam saxa renarint. In the same way, afterwards, we should expect ut tum demum in patriam redeamus, cum Padus, etc.- 28. Matinus was a hill in Calabria.-30. A somewhat overcopious detail of monstros. = Mirus amor, juvet at tigres subsidere cervis, Credula nec flavos timeant armenta leones, Haec et quae poterunt reditus abscindere dulces Aut pars indocili melior grege; Inominata perprimat cubilia! mollis et exspes Vos quibus est virtus, muliebrem tollite luctum, Nos manet Oceanus circum vagus: arva, beata Reddit ubi Cererem tellus inarata quotannis Germinat et nunquam fallentis termes olivae, Nulla nocent pecori contagia, nullius astri ities which are to happen before the emigrants' return. We must remember that the poet was young when he wrote this epode. - 36 Exsecrata; that is postquam execrationibus haec fixa et inviolata constituimus.-40. Etrusca litora ; that is, push out first from Ostia, then sail along the Italian, Gallic, and Spanish coasts, till you reach and pass the Pillars of Hercules. -43. Cererem, 'corn.' The poet describes at some length how the earth, in the happy islands, brings forth without tillage abundant crops -a state of things which is found nowhere, and which would only do man harm. 46. Pulla, 'dark-coloured;' that is, ripe. 52. Alta, the ground seeming to rise, as the reptiles creep forth.-56. Utrumque; that is, both the overabundance of rain and the drought.-57. The ship Argo has never come to these happy islands, nor has Medea with her accursed arts been here to blast the bounties of nature. - 59. Torquere cornua, 'to turn the sail-yards.'-61. Astri; as Sirius in our Italian Gregem aestuosa torret impotentia. 65 clime.-62. Impotentia, 'violence,' as frequently. -64. Ut- -aureum, after he had alloyed the golden age with the brazen.' - 65 Quorum secunda fuga, a prosperous flight from which (iron times.)' SATIRARUM LIBER PRIMUS. SATIRA I. OBSERVATIONS, full of wit and good practical morality, on the universally-prevalent vice of dissatisfaction with one's own position in life on the eager desire of possessing more than others—and the avarice which would ever accumulate and never begin to enjoy what has been acquired. This constant bustle is represented as the most dangerous enemy of a quiet, reflective, happy life; and no doubt the warning, not unnecessarily to distract their minds, was very seasonable to the Romans at this period (some years before the battle of Actium), when property was in a most unsettled state, and peace had been long unknown to the republic. But the moral precepts are perfectly applicable to the men of the present age also, Qui fit, Maecenas, ut nemo, quam sibi sortem Miles ait multo jam fractus membra labore. 'Militia est potior. Quid enim? Concurritur: horae Cetera de genere hoc (adeo sunt multa) loquacem 10 15 1. The prose construction would be, Qui fit ut nemo ea sorte, quam, &c. contentus vivat. As to qui, 'how,' see Gram. 118, note.-2. ·Fors, not Fortuna, but 'accident, chance,' the opposite of ratio, 'a choice made for reasons.'-7. Concurritur, 'the shock of battle takes place.'-10. Consultor, the client seeking advice.'—11. Datis vadibus, having (in the previous term of court) given bail' that he would appear when required. An action for debt is alluded to. 13. De genere hoc=hujusmodi, hujus generis.—15. Quo rem dedu 'Jam faciam quod vultis: eris tu, qui modo miles, Quid statis ?-Nolint. Atqui licet esse beatis. cam; that is, how far I go in my assertion regarding discontent. 17. Hinc vos, vos hinc; properly, hinc vos, illinc vos; but the lively mode of representation requires us to imagine a kind of gesticulation. Those to whom the god calls are to change not only the parts (partes) which they play, but also, with them, their positions in the scale of society. 19. Nolint, the apodosis: si quis deus vitae optionem det, nolint aliam eligere. The present subjunctive indicates that the supposition is possible. As to the construction of licet, see Gram. 376, 3.- -20. Ambas buccas inflet, 'puff up both his cheeks;' illis, against them,' a sign of contempt. Horace has intentionally chosen a vulgar figure, probably from comedy. 23. Jocularia, comic speeches,' such as were delivered in the theatres. In enouncing serious truths in jocular language, Horace would be acting as the teachers of young children do, who 'sometimes' (olim) give them cakes and sweetmeats to induce them to learn the letters, the A B C (elementa.) To the relative clause, ut qui jocularia supply the indicative percurrit, out of percurram.-28. The sound echoes to the sense, indicating hard labour.-33. Magni formica laboris could in prose mean onlyan ant of great industry." Here, however, this genitivus qualitatis means, which can endure great labour; and hence, properly, animal or bestia should be supplied.-36. Quae. The poet's reply begins. In the relative is involved an emphatic conjunction, it being = verumtamén hace, but.' The avaricious man toils on, and never stops to 'very true, |