tra The Danaides. the daughters of Danaus, with the single exception of Hypermnaestra, murdered their husbands, by the command of their father, on the night of their marriage. Comp. the allusion, O. ii., 14, 18. -26. Inane. Their punishment consisted in being compelled to draw water for ever in perforated vessels. 33. Face. The Roman bride, on her way to her husband's house, was preceded by a boy, carrying a torch. At the Greek nuptials, this office was performed by the mother of the bride. 35. Splendide mendax. A singular phrase, which Osborne well pronounces good morality, as well as good poetry. It is an illustration of what Horace means, in the passage A. P. 47, seqq., by callida junctura. Dillenb. compares Cic. pro Milone, gloriose mentiri, and Tacitus, Hist. 4, 50, egregium mendacium.– 40. Falle. Escape from. -45. Catenis. Ovid, Heroid. 14, 3, represents Hypermnaestra thus complaining: Clausa domo teneor, gravibusque coercita vinclis. 52. Querelam. A sad epitaph. In Ovid, Heroid. 14, 128, Hypermnacsra proposes this epitaph:

"Exsul Hypermnaestra pretium pietatis iniquum

Quam mortem fratri depellit, ipsa tulit."

ODE XII.

An ode, imitated from Alcaeus, describing the passion of Neobule for the beautiful A accomplished Hebrus.

2. Mala-lavere. To wash away the ills (of life). To drown care with wine. 3. Patruae. "An uncle, with the ancients, seems to have been, contrary to our notion, the very impersonation of severity." Osborne.-See Sat. ii., 3, 88: Ne sis patruus mihi.— 4. Qualum. The calathus, basket, used by the women when sewing or spinning. Comp. Virg. Aen. 7, 805, non illa colo calathisve Minervae Foemineas assueta manus; also in Liv. 1, 57, the picture of Lucretia, busy at the loom, with her attendants. 6. Nitor. Nominative to lavit. See notes on

O. i., 8, where the sports of the Campus Martius are also referred to. –-10. Idem. Also. See n. O. i., 10, 16. — 11. Cervos. See n. O. i., 2, 3.

ODE XIII.

An ode addressed by the poet to the fountain of Bandusia, in a ticipation of a sacri fe which he intended to offer to its presiding divinity.

The locality of the Fons Bandusiae has been much disputed. It is however now established, upon the evidence of documents bearing the date of the year 1103, that it was six miles distant from Venusia. On these have been found the words In Bandusino forte apud Venusiam. It is probable that IIorace gave the name of this fountain, which he knew when a boy, to a favorite one of his later years on his Sabine farm; the same to which he refers in Epist. i., 16, 12:

Fons etiam, rivo dare nomen idoneus.

2. Mero. To be offered in libation. So also floribus means that it was worthy of being adorned with flowers. 6. Gelidos. He writes in the summer season, when the coolness of the fountain rendered it especially grateful. Compare Epist. i., 18, 104, gelidus Digentia rivus.

-9. Atrox. Fierce; of its extreme heat. Comp. O. iii., 29, 18. 10. Nescit. Cannot. So A. P. 390, nescit—reverti. And Juvenal, Sat. 3, 41, nescio mentiri. The idiom is precisely the same in French. 13. Fontium. Partitive genitive.. - Tu quoque. Like other founts famed in verse, Castalia, Arethusa, etc. - -16. Lymphae. In illustration of the perverse reading Nymphae, Bentley wittily asks, Nymphae am semel ex antro de siluerint, quid tum?

ODE XIV.

An ode to Augustus, on the occasion of his return from Spain (B. c. 24), where he had roduced to subjection the fierce Cantabri.

A parallel ode, but far sublimer, is the Second of Book Fourth

1. Modo. But just now. Indicates the rapidity of his movements in conducting the campaign to a successful issue. Herculis ritu. To be construed with dictus-petiisse, not with Caesar―repetit. Augustus braves a difficult and perilous campaign, just as Hercules was appalled by no labors. - Plebs. Used in a good sense, as frequently in poetry, like populus. Comp. Virg. Georg. 2, 508. Dillenb. compares O. ii., 2, 18; but there plebi has in it something of contempt. -2. Venalemlaurum. Laurum petere morte venalem is an expression for readiness to meet death, intrepidity; so was it here with Augustus, and with Hercules in his labors. - -5. Unico. Beloved; not distinguished, a quality expressed by the succeeding words clari ducis. Mulier. Livia, the wife of Augustus. 6. Operata. In the sense of the present; as if it

were et operatur

divis.

Orelli adopts in this line the reading sacris instead of -7. Soror. Octavia, the sister of Augustus, the widow of Mark Antony. - -9. Virginum. The brides of husbands, who had come back in safety from the campaign. -10. Pueri to be understood as the same as juvenum, and puenae same as virginum in the pre ceding line. I adopt this explanation of Orelli, in preference to all others. -11. Male ominatis. Of ill omen. Comp. notes on the first stanza of O. iii., 1. -13. Turning from others to himself, the poet expresses his own joy at the return of Augustus. - Atras-curas. The same expression in O. iii., 1, 40. - 18. Marsi-duelli. The Social

or Marsic war, B. C. 90-88, between Rome and the confederate Italian nations. See Schmitz's Hist. ch. 27. See n. O. iii., 8, 12, where a parallel passage from Juvenal is quoted. The poet seems to design a contrast between that calamitous period of civil war and the present peaceful times.- -19. Spartacum. A Thracian gladiator, who was the leader in the Servile War, B. c. 73–71. At the head of great numbers of slaves, he ravaged and laid waste a length defeated by Crassus. - -Si qua. any way. 21. Dic-properet Neaerae. because put in the oratio obliqua. See Arn. Pr. Intr. 460 (c), 3. In illustration of properet cohibere, see O. ii., 11, 22. 23. Janitorem. The porter, invisus, odious to those who were put off or excluded by him. -27. Ferrem. Not for tulissem; the protasis is involved in calidus, which is equivalent to si calidus essem.

large part of Italy, but was at Abl. used adverbially. If in Bid Neaera haste. The Subj.

ODE XV.

Addressed to a woman of advanced years, and licentious life.

3. Famosis. Infamous. Labor is here used with famosus, in contrast with the daily toils of a poor but honest woman; as, for instance, one who earns her bread at the spinning-wheel, lanificium, alluded to below, 1. 13. Comp. Terence, Andr. i., 1, 47:

"Primum haec pudice vitam, parce ac duriter,

Agebat, lara ac tela victum quaeritans;

Sed postquam amans accessit,"-.

A Bacchanal. See n. O. ii., 19, 9.

- 14. Luceriam.

--10. Thyias. A town in Apulia, celebrated for its fine wool. -15. Flos parpareas rosac. Equivalent to purpureae rosae; comp. O. iii., 1, 42; on the ex pression, comp O. iii.. 29. 3; iv., 10. 4

All-powerful is gold.

ODE XVI.

Not brazen towers, nor doors of cak, are proof against it; no guards and sentinels, be they ever so watchful. It breaks through rocks, it cleaves hrough the gates of cities, it is the undoing of kings and stern captains (1-16). But great riches are attended with cares, and by a thirst for yet greater (17-20). Far happier the proprietor of an humble estate, than the avaricious lord of vast possessions. Biest ain I, with my narrow and yet sufficient means, rich with my small desires and contented mind (21-end).

Thus does Horace express again some of his favorite sentiments, and congratulate himself on his own happy lot.

1. Danaen turris. The story was told of Danae, that she was shut up by her father, Acrisius, king of Argos, through fear of the oracular prophecy, that his daughter was to bear a son, through whose agency he would lose his life.-See Class. Dict. - -3. Tristes; severae, strict. —— Munierant. See n.. O. ii., 17, 28.- -7. Fore. Dependent upon some verb readily suggested by risissent; e. sciebant. g. 8. In pretium deo. A bribe of gold; the explanation of the story, that Jupiter gained access to the maiden in the form of a golden shower. · 11. Auguris. Amphiaraus, whose death, as well as that of his son Alcmaeon, was owing to the fatal bribe, the golden collar of Harmonia, by which his wife Eriphyle was induced by Polynices to persuade her husband to march against Thebes. See Class. Dict. - -14. Vir Macedo. "The man of Macedon;" Philip, of whom Cic. says, ad Att. 1, 16: Omnia castella expugnari posse dicebat, in quae modo asellus auro onustus ascendere posset. -16. Duces. Orelli and Dillenburger illustrate this by the instance of Menas, the freedman of Pompey the Great, who was commander of Sextus Pompey's fleet, then was bought over by Octavian, and afterwards abandoned him, and went back to Pompey.—20. Equitum decus. Horace uses here this mode of address, in allusion to Maecenas's preference to remain in the humble equestrian rank in which he was born. Comp. O. i., 20, 5. 32. Fallit sorte beatior. A construction more common in Greek than in Latin. Fallere is joined with a participle in the same way as is the Greek Aavdável, where it means, to escape the notice of, to be unperceived by. In that sense it is also followed by an acc., as here, fulgentem. Beatior is used like a participle, as above, 1. 25, splendidior, like the Greek adjective with ov, though the corresponding verb esse happens to have no participial form, and hence it is wanting in these expressions. Beatus, too, here means rendering me happy, beatior, rendering me more happy, as in Epist. i., 10, 14; O. i.. 29 1; ii., 6, 21. It only remains to be added, that fallit and beation* agree with the preceding subjects, fides—silva-rivus, all of which ex press together the poet's farm, agellus, as Dillenb. has it, or pracnum

as Orelli. I subjoin from Orelli a corresponding Greek construction τὸν πλούσιον λανθάνει πολὺ ὀλβιώτερον ὄν; and from Dillenb. the follow. ing Latin paraphrase: agellus meus, sorte quam praebet, beatiorem me reddit, quam capere potest is qui maxima habet et fertilissima latifundia.· 33. Calabrae mella. The poet makes a similar allusion to the fine honey of Calabria in O. ii., 6, 15. -34. Laestrygonia. The Formian wine, to which the poet refers, O. i., 20, 11, where see note. The tradition was, that the Laestrygones once lived in Formiae. Hom. Od. 10, 82; Ovid, Met. 14, 233. 35. Gallicis. Cisalpine Gaul.- -39. Cupidine. On the gender of cupido, see n. O. ii., 16, 15. Cicero says (Paradoxa, 6,3): Non intelligunt homines, quam magnum vectigal sit parsimonia. -41. Mygdoniis. Phrygia, so called from the Mygdones, who peopled it, from Asia. - -41. Alyattei. Second dec. form, like Ulixei, O. i., 6, 7, where see note. Alyattes was the father of Croesus, of Lydia.

ODE XVII.

Addressed to Aelius Lamia, the same to whom allusion is made in the 26th Ode of Book First; where see the introduction.

The poet alludes, probably in jest, to the antiquity of the family of Lamias, and invites him to spend the morrow with him in festive mirth.

1. Lamo. The son of Neptune, and king of the Laestrygones; see n. preceding ode, 1. 34. The Romans were fond of tracing their lineage far back to ancient kings. Thus Virgil, Aen. 5, 117, seqq., carries back to Trojan names several Roman families; the Memmii to Mnestheus, the Sergii to Sergestus, the Cluentii to Cloanthus. And Liv. 1, 49, says of Mamilius, ab Jluxe deaque Circa oriundus. And Cicero, Tusc. i., 16, 38, says, in sportive allusion to Servius Tullius, meo regnante gentili.

-4. Fastos. Here the genealogical registers, stemmata, of the family. The so-called Fasti Consulares contained the names of the consuls of each year, and of other important magistrates. To these is not here the allusion, though in them appeared the name of the Lamias here addressed. Comp. O. iv., 14, 4. - 6. Formiarum. Formiae, on the borders of Latium and Campania. See n. preceding ode, 1. 34. -7. Innantem Maricae litoribus. That washes the shores of Marica. Marica was the name of a goddess worshipped at Minturnae, a town in Latium. Virg. Aen. 7, 47, says of Latinus, Hunc Fauno et nympha genitum Laurente Marica. 9. Late tyrannus. Language of sportive hyperbole. On the expression, comp. Virg. Aen. 1, 21, populum late regem. It is the evрuкpeíav of Homer. -10. Alga. Fucus; when carefully gathered, uscd in dyeing; but when thrown upon the shore,