Obrázky na stránke
PDF
ePub

Another participle passive, called also the gerundive, which denotes that what is spoken of must happen, ought to happen, or (sometimes) is actually happening, with respect to a person or thing; as, amandus, "who must, or ought to be, loved;" in ěpistolá scribendá, “in writing the letter."

OF NUMBERS AND PERSONS.

VERBS have two numbers, singular and plural, like nouns, and three persons in each number.

[blocks in formation]

All nouns, except ego and tu, are of the third person.

Of the Verb Esse, to be.

Before other verbs are declined, it is necessary to learn the verb esse, to be.

Sum, es, fui, esse, futūrus, to be.

INDICATIVE MOOD.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

5. First Future Tense.-shall, or, will.

[blocks in formation]

6. Second Future, or Future Perfect.-shall have.

[blocks in formation]

SUBJUNCTIVE, OR POTENTIAL MOOD.

1. Present Tense.-may.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Sing. Fuĕrim,

Fuĕris,

Fuĕrit,

Plur. Fuerimus,
Fuĕritis,
Fuĕrint,

4. Pluperfect

Sing. Fuissem,

Fuisses, Fuisset, Plur. Fuissemus, Fuissetis,

Fuissent,

I

may have been.
you may have been.
he may have been.
We may have been.
ye may have been.
they may have been.

Tense.-might, would have, &c.
I might, or, would have been.
you might, or, would have been.
he might, or, would have been.
We might, or, would have been.
ye might, or, would have been.
they might, or, would have been.

5. Future Tense.-may be about.

Sing. Futurus sim,*

Futūrus sis,

Futūrus sit,

Plur. Futūri simus,

Futūri sītis,

Futūri sint,

I may be about to be.
you may be about to be.
he
may be about to be.
We may be about to be.
ye may be about to be.
they may be about to be

• Futūrus being in reality a participle, agrees with its substantive in gender and number; so that in the singular it may be either futurus, futura, or futurum; in the plural, futuri, -æ, or -a,

[blocks in formation]

DECLENSION OF VERBS REGULAR.

VERBS have four conjugations, both in the active and passive voice.

The first conjugation has a in the penultima (or last syllable but one) of the infinitive mood active; as, amo, ămare.t

The second has ē; as, moneo, mŏnēre.
The third has ĕ; as, rego, regere.

The fourth has 7; as, audio, audire.

VERBS ACTIVE in O are declined after these examples. 1. Ăm-o, am-as, m-āvi, am-āre; aman-di, aman-do, aman-dum; amāt-um, amāt-u; am-ans, amātu-rus: to love.

2. Mŏn-eo, mon-es, mon-ui, mon-ēre; monen-di, monen-do, monen-dum; monit-um, monit-u; mon-ens, monĭtū-rus: to advise. 3. Reg-o, reg-is, rex-i, reg-ĕre; regen-di, regen-do, regen-dum; rect-um, rect-u; reg-ens, rectu-rus: to

rule.

* Some compounds of sum have also a present participle; as, absum, to

be absent, part. absens, absent, or being absent.

[ocr errors]

+ Except do, to give;" which makes dăre, dătum.

4. Aud-io, aud-is, aud-īvi, aud-īre; audien-di, audien-do, audien-dum; audīt-um, audīt-u; audi-ens, auditu-rus: to hear.

Sing. Am-o,

FIRST CONJUGATION.-Amo.

ăm-as, ăm-at, Plur. Am-āmus, ăm-atis, ăm-ant,

INDICATIVE MOOD.

1. Present Tense.-do, am.

I love, am loving, or, do love. you love, are loving, or, do love. he loves, is loving, or, does love. We love, are loving, or, do love. ye love, are loving, or, do love. they love, are loving, or, do love.

2. Imperfect Tense.-did, was.

Sing. Am-ābam,

am-ābas,

am-ābat, Plur. Am-ābāmus, am-ābātis, am-abant,

Sing. Amāv-i, amāv-isti,

amav-it,

I did love, or, was loving.
you did love, or, were loving.
he did love, or, was loving.
We did love, or, were loving.
ye did love, or, were loving.
they did love, or, were loving.

3. Perfect Tense.-have.

Plur. Amav-imus,

amāv-istis,

I loved, or, have loved.
you loved, or, have loved.
he loved, or, has loved.
We loved, or, have loved.
ye loved, or, have loved.

amāv-erunt, vel -ere, they loved, or, have loved.

4. Pluperfect Tense.-had.

Sing. Amāv-ĕram,

amāv-ĕras,

amāv-ĕrat,

Plur. Amav-ĕramus,

amav-ĕratis,
amav-ĕrant,

I had loved.
you had loved.
he had loved.
We had loved.
ye had loved.
they had loved.

« PredošláPokračovať »