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For lo! from yonder turrets yet unsack'd,
Your valiant fellows stand, your worth to see;
Tavouch your valour, if you live to gain;
And if we die, that we dy'd not in vain.

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. vi.
Hor. Before my God, I might not this belieue
Without the sensible and true auouch
Of mine owne eyes.-Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act. i. sc. 1.
Even Cardinal Bellarmin can abide to come in as an
avoucher of these cozenages; who dares aver, that his fellow
Xavier had not only healed the deaf, dumb, aud blind, but

raised the dead.—Bp. Hall. Censure of Travel, s. 18.

By laying the foundation of his defence on the arouchment of that which is so manifestly untrue, he hath given a worse foil to his own cause, than when his whole forces were at any time overthrown.-Milton. Ans. to Eikon Basilike.

Thus our Saviour, in St. John's gospel, is expressed to come, to speak, to act in God's name, because he did God's business, (the work which God gave him to accomplish,) and entirely sought the glory of God as he there himself often avouches and professes.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 1.

We read the words thus; If I regard iniquity in my heart, God will not hear me. But the Septuagint has it, un eiσaKоVσаτ μоυ Oeos; that is, let not God hear me. And so they are David's avouchment of his uprightness, by an imprecation, or calling for a curse upon himself, namely, God's not hearing his prayers, in case he was not really so upright, as in his words he did protest himself to be. South vol. ix. Ser. 10.

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Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act. iii. sc. 1. pos) signifying brightness, splendour.

If a criminal be allowed counsel, he would be scorned if he should avow his advocate as a real patron of his crime, when he only says what he can to alleviate the sentence. Bp. Taylor. Polemical Discourses. Epis. Ded.

The proceedings may bee apert and ingenuous, and candid, and avowable, for that gives satisfaction and acquiescence. Donne. Devotions, p. 209. Keep us by thy Good Spirit in a holy and constant arowance of all those main truths concerning thy sacred person, natures, and offices, unto our last end.

Hall. Mystery of Godliness, § 13. When any heterodox or irregular doctrine shall be let fall, let it be taken at the first rebound; and the author and avower fairly dealt withal, and strongly convinced of his error.-Bp. Hall. Peace-Maker.

I follow'd nature's laws. and must avow

I broke my bonds and fled the fatal blow.

Dryden. Virgil. Eneas, b. i. There is nothing that tends more to excuse, if not justify, the extreme rigour of the Commons towards Charles, than his open encouragement and avowal of such general principles as were altogether incompatible with a limited government.-Hume. History of England, an. 1628.

Avowedly to neglect doing what they ought, is too shock. ing a behaviour to sit easy upon the minds of men.

Secker, vol. i. Ser. 4. The distreinor, who is now the defendant makes arowry, that is, he avows making the distress in his own right, or that of his wife.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iii. c. 9. AUREAT. Lat. Aurum, from ancient AURIFEROUS. Gr. Aupos, (subsisting in ons-av

Aureate, golden, is a word much used by the elder Scotch poets.

My wordes unpullysht be nakide and playne
Of aureat poems they want ellumynynge
But by them to knowlege ye may attayne
Of this lordes dethe and of his murdrynge.

Skelton. Dethe of E. Northumberland.
Great are the scenes, with dreadful beauty crown'd
And barbarous wealth, that see each circling year,
Returning suns and double seasons pass:
Rocks rich in gems, and mountains big with mines,
That on the high equator ridgy rise,

Whence many a bursting stream auriferous plays. Thomson. Summer.

AURICULAR. Fr. Auriculaire; It. AuriAURICULARLY. culare; Sp. Auricular, from A'URICLE. Lat. Auricula, i. e. Audicula; Auris, i. e. Audis; from Audire, to hear. We have no correspondent adjective formed from our

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noun, ear.

Auricle- the ear; auricles of the heart, so called from their resemblance to the form of the ear. Auricular addressed, directed, to the ear; spoken to the ear; privately, secretly. And therefore

Private, secret, confidential.

As are the articles of auricular and eare confession, of purgatory, &c. &c. All ye which wt other like, haue brought greate offence and slander vnto the christen church, and haue been a great occasyon of the ruyne and fal of many vnfaithfull.-Udal. Reu. of S. John, c. 21.

He [Pope Innocent the 2d.] ordeyned moreouer that whatsoeuer he were the which should speake euill of the Pope, he should be punished in hell with eternall damnation. He also ordeyned auricular confession. Also in this counsaile was first inuented and brought in transubstanciation. Grafton. K. John, an. 14.

Bastard. If your honor iudge it meete, I will place you where you shall heare vs conferre of this, and by an auricular assurance, have your satisfaction, and that without any farther delay than this evening. Shakespeare. King Lear, Act i. sc. 2. But, perhaps, it was necessary so much blood should be ready there to joyn with the chyle for its better mixture before it reaches the right auricle of the heart.

Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii.

But as for private and auricular confession of our sins to a priest in all cases; and as of absolute necessity to our obtaining pardon and forgiveness from God, as the Church of Rome teacheth, this is neither necessary by divine precept, nor by any constitution and practice of the ancient Christian Church.-Tillotson. Works, vol. iii. Ser. 106.

If once they could be brought to renounce the supremacy of the Pope, they might quietly enjoy their seven sacraments, their purgatory, and auricular confession; their worship of reliques and images; nay, even their transubstantiation. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 4.

A/USPICATE, v.
A'USPICATE, adj.

A'USPICE.

A'USPICY.

Fr. Auspice; It. Auspicio; Sp. Auspicio; Lat. Auspex, as if Avisper; from avis, a bird, and specere, to observe. Auspicari, auspicatus, to observe birds, to watch for tokens from the actions of birds, previous to the beginning or commencement of any thing. From those actions

AUSPICIOUS.

AUSPICIOUSLY.

To foreshew or foretell the event; to promise success, prosperity, good fortune, divine protection, to begin well.-Auspicious is thus used for-Favourable, kind, propitious.

The usage of the Fr. Auspice is well explained by Cotgrave

A sign, token, signification, or presage of future things, by the flight or other motion of birds; also fortune, luck; or a lucky beginning of

matters.

A Romane, even your owne consull sometime, soldiours, and your owne generall heretofore,-whose auspicate conduct, you having tried for you and in your defence, doe not prove now against yourselves to your perdition. Holland. Livy, p. 278.

For mee thinks it is not an auspicate beginning of a feast, nor agreeable to amity and good fellowship, to snatch or lurch one from another.-Id. Plutarch, p. 557.

King Edward therefore presented himselfe before the strong towne of Berwick with a mighty hoste, there to auspicate his entrance to a conquest of Scotland.

Speed. Hist. of Great Britaine, an. 1297. None of their kindred met; the knot they ty Silent content with Brutus auspicy.-May. Lucan, b. ii. The Augurs deafe remaine Though loud it thunder, and are forc'd to sweare That birds auspicious, though sad owles, appeare. Id. Ib. b. v.

Whom then I did auspiciously persuade, Once more with war to fright the English fields, His brother (then King William) to invade, To make him know the diff'rence of their shields. Drayton. Legend of R. Duke of Normandy. But so may he live long, that town to sway, Which by his auspice they will nobler make, As he will hatch their ashes by his stay, And not their humble ruins now forsake. Dryden. Annus Mirabilis. The winds my pray'rs, my sighs, my numbers bear, The flying winds have lost them all in air! Oh when, alas! shall more auspicious gales To these fond eyes restore thy welcome sails? Pope. Sappho to Phaon. Thus were their loves auspiciously begun, And thus with secret care were carried on. Dryden. Sigismonda & Guiscardo. "Taking into their [The English Parliament] most serious consideration the best means for making such an establishment, that their religion, laws and liberties, might not be in danger of being again subverted," they auspicate all their proceedings, by stating as some of those best means, "in the first place" to do "as their ancestors in like cases have usually done for vindicating their ancient rights and liberties."-Burke. On the French Revolution.

Under the auspicious influence of genius, arts and sciences grew up together, and mutually illustrated each other. Goldsmith. On Polite Learning.

AUSTE RE. Fr. Austère; It. Austero; AUSTE RELY. Sp. Austèro; Lat. Austerus; AUSTE RENESS. Gr. AvoTηpos, which Vossius AUSTERITY. says is from Avos, from Avei, siccare, to dry; applied to harsh tastes, which dry the palate. Wiclif renders the Lat. Austerus, sterne; "for thou art a sterne man;" and the Glossarist to Gawin Douglas says, Asterne, austere, fierce, Lat. Austerus. And in A. S. we find Astered, troubled, moved, provoked, stirred, ( Somner.) May not austere be astere, asterne, sterne, from A. S. Stirian, Astirian, to stir, to move? An austere or austerne countenance, will then be, a stern countenance, i. e. a moved countenance, moved by some passion. And thus

Harsh, strict, rigorous, severe, serious, constrained, restrained, resolved.

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The sweetness of the ripened fruit is not the less delicious for the austerity of its cruder state-Horsley, vol. ii. Ser. 28. AUSTRALIZE. Lat. Auster, the south, or seeth-ing wind; perhaps AvoTnp, from Avew, to dry, to burn, (Vossius.)

True it is, and confirmable by every experiment, that steel and good iron, never excited by the load-stone, discover in themselves a verticity; that is, a directive or polary facultie, whereby, conveniently placed, they do septentrionate at one

extream and australize at another.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 2.

AUTHENTICATE. Fr. Authentique ; It. AUTHENTICAL. Autentico; Sp. AuténAUTHENTICALLY. tico; Bar. Lat. AuAUTHENTICALNESS. thenticus ; Gr. Αυθεντης, AUTHENTICITY. of uncertain origin. AUTHENTICK. Cicero uses Αυθεντικώς, AUTHENTICKLY. (Ad Atticum, ix. 14. AUTHENTICKNESS. x. 9.) cum auctoritate, certo auctore, with authority, the author being well known; and the application seems to be-

To make the author known; to refer to, compare with, establish by, the real or original author or authority; to authorise.

Graunt mercie lorde sith it thee doth like
To licence me, now I wol and dare boldly
Assaile my purpose, with scriptures autentike
My werke woll I ground, vnderset, & fortefie.
Chaucer. The Rem. of Loue.

The archebishop of sainct Andrews [and others] wrote vnto the duke of Albanye a solempne and autenticall instrumēt, signed and sealed with their seales.

Hall. Edw. IV. an. 22.

Thei do (as ye would saie) sette out themselfes to sale, by their new found disguised vesture, hauyng a great pryde and felicitee to bee-iettyng vp and down where thei maie bee seen in their autentical robes of auncientenesse reachyng down to the hard grounde.-Udal. Luke, c. 20.

And in like maner do ye first geue vs autenticke scripture for your doctrine. If ye haue no scripture, come forth and preach your doctrine, and cõfirme it wyth a myracle. And then if we bring not autenticke scripture agaynst you or confounde your myracle wyth a greater, as Moses dyd the sorcerers of Egipt, we wyll beleue you.

Tyndall. Workes, p. 300.

And as for the myracles done at Saintes graues and at the presence of reliques, as long as true myracles endured, and untill the scripture was autentickly receaued, were done to confirme the preaching yt such Saints had preached while they were aliue.-Id. Ib.

Thirdly it appeareth by regesters and recordes iudicially and autentiquely made, yet preserued for confirmacion of the same.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 34.

But these things must have the date of antiquity to make them reverend and authentical, for ever in the collection of writers, men rather weigh their age than their merit. Daniel. Defence of Rhyme. How could communities, Degrees in schools, and brother-hoods in cities, Peacefull commerce from diuidable shores, The primogeniture, and due of byrth, Prerogatiue of age, crownes, scepters, laurels, (But by degree) stand in authentique place?

Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act i. sc. 3.

Ford. You are a gentleman of excellent breeding, admirable discourse, of great admittance, authenticke in your place and person.-Id. Merry Wives of Windsor, Act ii. sc. 2.

Some of the authentickest annalists report, that the old Gauls (now the French) and the Britons understood one another. Howell, b. ii. Let. 55.

As for the objections against the authentickness of that decree, I shall need say no more, but that they are very unproportionable to be put in the balance against the original record and testification of the fact in the plain words of the edict.-Hammond. Works, vol. ii. p. 106.

There is as much difference between the present and former times, as there is between a copy and an original; that indeed may be fair, but this only is authentick. South, vol. vii. Ser. 14. The instrument of Dr. Parker's consecration; with some attestations of the authenticalness of it.

Burnet. Records, pt. ii. b. iii. Title of No. 9.

Nothing can be pleasanter than to see a circle of these virtuosos about a cabinet of medals, descanting upon the value, rarity, and authenticalness of the several pieces that lie before them.-Addison. On Medals, Dial. 1.

It may be of use to state distinctly, the difference between the genuineness and the authenticity of a book. A genuine book is that which was written by the person whose name it bears as the author of it. An authentic book is that which relates matters of fact, as they really happened.

Bp. Watson. Apology for the Bible, Let. 2.

The small resemblance of the portrait of Henry V. to genuine pictures of him, and the great resemblance of all the other personages to one another, make it evident that it was rather a work of command and imagination than of authenticity.-Walpole. Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i. c. 2. I have, since the first edition of this work, authenticated twe portraits of that prince [Humphry Duke of Gloucester.] Id. Ib. Being examined on these material defects in the authentienlaers of a paper, produced by them as authentick, [they] could give no sort of account how it happened to be without a signature.-Burke. Works. Report on Affairs of India.

AUTHOR, v.

Besides that those accounts either have, or will have, received a much stronger authentication than any that I could give to mine.-Id. Letter from Warren Hastings. Fr. Autheur; It. Autore; Sp. Aútor. Vossius strongly contends that the Latin word should be written auctor; and inclines to adopt the opinion that it is derived from augere, auctum, extending the application of the word from one who A'UTHORLESS. should augment or proA'UTHORSHIP. mote any thing already undertaken or begun, to him who should himself undertake, or persuade to undertake. See AUG

A'UTHOR, n.
A'UTHORESS.
AUTHORITATIVE.
AUTHORITATIVELY.
AUTHORITY.

A'UTHORIZE.
A'UTHORIZABLE.
AUTHORISATE.

AUTHORIZATION.

MENT.

Author, as a verb, is used by Chapman, and

Beaum. and Fletch.

To cause a beginning, a foundation; to found, invent, devise, create: to give credit, influence, countenance, support, power; to accredit, to countenance, to support, to empower.

If euerie thing bee through God's weting, and thereof take his being, then should God bee maker and aucthour of badde werkes, and so he should not rightfully punish euill doinges of mankinde.-Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. iii.

Now, sire, of elde, that ye repreven me;
And certes, sire, though non auctoritee
Were in no book, ye gentiles of honour
Sain, that men shuld an olde wight honour
And elepe him fader, for your gentillesse ;
And auctours shall I finden, as I gesse.

Id. The Wif of Bathe's Tale, v. 6790. Where euer your words ben heard, and your reasons been shewed, such euill speakers, lady, by auctority of your excellence shullen been stopped and ashamed. Id. Test. of Loue, b. ii. Who wote if al that Chaucer wrate was trew, Nor I wote nat if this narracion

Be authorised, or forged of the new

Of some poete by his inuencion.-Id. Test. of Crescide.

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It is an excellent temper of the churche, so to prescribe her forms of absolution, as to shew them to be results of the whole priestly office, of preaching, of dispensing sacraments, of spiritual care, and authoritative deprecations. Bp. Taylor. On Set Forms of Liturgy. For, that, which obtaineth universally, must either have some force in itself to command acceptation, or else must be imposed by some over-ruling authority; and what can that be but either of the great princes (as they are anciently called) of the church, the holy apostles; or of some general councils, as may authoritatively diffuse it through all the world?-Bp. Hall. Episcopacy by Divine Right, pt. 1.

-Thou hast seene a farmer's dogge barke at a

Jove laid
A heavy curse on me, to vow, and binde it with the bent

. Of his high forehead; that, (this Troy, of all her people

spent)

I should returne; yet now, to mock our hopes, built on his vow;

And charge ingloriously my flight-when such an over

throw

Of brave friends I have authored.

Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. ii.

Gisbert. Prince Otto slain!

Baldwin. O, execrable slaughter, What hand hath authored it?

Beaum. & Fletch. Rollo, or Bloody Brother, Act iii. sc. 4.

Lear.

beggar?

Glou. I sir. Lear. And the creature run from the cur: there thou might'st behold the great image of authoritie, a dogg's obey'd in office.-Shakespeare. King Lear, Act iv. sc. 6.

O execrable son, so to aspire
Above his brethren, to himself assuming
Authoritie usurpt, from God not giv'n.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xii. In some authentick writings of our church, the idolatry and superstition of the papists is censured; by idolatry, meaning the worship of images among them; and, by superstition, the worship and prayers to saints departed. A censure authorizable by that part of Saint Austin's words: Superstition is the worshipping a creature as God, or any part of a creature.-Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 242.

Whether by the only authority of the giver, or by the autorization of the prince for that time reigning, and by what tenour and form ye hold them. Burnet. Records, b. iii. No. 1.

Tradition, and an authorless pamphlet, make him a man of vast wealth, maintaining an hundred and fourty meniall servants in his house, besides three hundred poor people whom he set on work.-Fuller. Worthies, Bark-Shire.

See, at thy feet, Cleanthes bath'd in blood! For love of thee he trod this lonely wood; Thou art the cruel authoress of his fate; He falls by thine; thou, by Evander's hate.-Gay. Dione. A layman should not intrude himself to administer the sacred functions of authoritative teaching. Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 21.

Of this sort is the apostle's creed. And its authority therefore, is, not as being a creed, but as being a true summary of apostolical doctrine, or as containing the chief heads of the doctrine of Christ delivered authoritatively in scripture.-Clarke. Expos. of the Church Catechism.

That ancient fathers thus expound the page,
Gives truth the reverend majesty of age:
Confirms its force, by bideing every test;
For best authorities next rules are best.
Dryden. Religio Laici.

Tiresias. - Ye offer'd him Your queen and crown; (but what was then your crown) And heav'n authoriz'd it by his success.-Id. (Edipus.

The divine will is absolute; it is, its own reason; it is both the producer and the ground of all its acts. It moves not by the external impulse or inclination of objects, but determines itself by an absolute autocrasy.

South, vol. viii. Ser. 10. And to give yet a greater instance of his sovereignty, he extends his dominion even to man's will, that great seat of freedom, that with a kind of autocrasy and supremacy within itself, commands its own actions, laughs at all compulsion, scorns restraint, and defies the bondage of human laws or external obligations.-Id. vol. vii. Ser. 1.

As I am not ignorant, so ought I to be sensible of the false aspersions some authorless tongues have laid upon me in the report of the unfortunate passage lately happened between the Lord Bruce and myself.-Guardian, No. 133.

If the formalists of this sort were erected into patentees, with a sole commission of authorship; we should undoubtedly see such writing in our days, as would either wholly wean us from all books in general, or at least from all such as were the product of our own nation, under such a subordinate and conforming government.

Shaftesbury. Charact. Advice to an Author, pt. iii.

In that blest moment Nature throwing wide
Her veil opaque, discloses with a smile
The author of her beauties, who, retir'd
Behind his own creation, works unseen
By the impure, and hears his pow'r denied.
Cowper. Task, b. v.
At her sight
The best, the greatest of mankind, inclines
Before the auth'ress of his being, low
As some celestial to the rev'rend form

Of Cybele, progenitrix of gods.-Glover. Athenaid, b. ii.

The Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, in respect of the same divinity, have the same autocratorical power, dominion, and authority.-Pearson. On the Creed.

AUTO CRASY.
AUTOCRATICAL.
AUTOCRATO'RICAL.
be strong.

Self-created, underived strength or power.
Autocrat is now in use.

AUTOGRAPH, from Auros, self, and ypaper, to grave, to write.

He [Samuel Clarke] did accurately describe and turn into Latin from the original autographe in Cambridge public library.-Wood. Athene Oxonienses.

Since he [God] evidently designed the regular course of nature for the support and comfort of man, we seem authorized to conclude, that he will apply its irregularities and disorders to his punishment, correction, and admonition. Porteus. Letter to the Inhabitants of Manchester.

Gr. AUTOKρaтela, selfgiven, underived power; from auTos and KTαTEL, to

AUTOMATON.
AUTOMATOUS.
AUTOMATIC.

Fr. Automate; It. Au-tomato; Lat. Automaton; Gr. Αυτόματον.

That which has the power of spontaneous motion.

God having an understanding infinitely superior to that of man, in extent, clearness, and other excellencies, he may rationally be supposed to have framed so great and admi

rable an automaton as the world, and the subordinate engines

comprised in it, for several ends and purposes.

Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. 251 Clocks or automatous organs, whereby we now distinguish of time, have found no mention in any ancient writers; but are of late invention, as Pancirollus observeth. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. v. c. 18. Absurd and impertinent vanity! We pronounce our fellow animals to be automates, or we allow them instinct, or we bestow graciously upon them at the utmost stretch of liberality an irrational soul, something, we know not what, but something that can claim no kindred to the human mind.-Bolingbroke. On Hum. Knowledge, Ess. 1.

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The aire attempre, and the smothe winde
Of Zepherus, among the blosomes white
So holsome was, and so nourishing by kind,
That smale buddes, and round blosomes lite,
In maner gan of her brethe delite,
To yeue vs hope there fruite shall take
Agenst autumne redy for to shake.

Chaucer. Complaint of the Blacke Knight.
Rais'd of grassie terf
Thir table was, and mossie seats had round,
And on her ample square from side to side
All autumn pil'd, though spring and autumn here
Danc'd hand in hand.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v.

On the beach Of that inflamed sea, he stood and call'd His legions, angel forms, who lay intrans't Thick as autumnal leaves, that strow the brooks In Vallombrosa. Id. Ib. b. i. Thy grandsire's words savour'd of thriftic leekes, Or manly garlicke: but thy furnace reekes Hote steams of wine; and can aloofe descrie, The drunken draughts of sweete autumnitie. Bp. Hall. Satires, b. ili For Oeneus, with autumnal plenty bless'd, By gifts to heav'n his gratitude express'd: Cull'd sheafs to Ceres; to Lyæus, wine; To Pan, and Pales, offer'd sheep and kine; And fat of olives, to Minerva's shrine.

Dryden. Orid, b. viii.

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As though every bough Like that the Trojan gather'd, once avuls'd, Were by a splendid successor supplied.

Shenstone. Economy. AUXILIAR, n. Fr. Auxilaire; It. AusiAUXILIAR, adj. liario ; Sp. Auxiliar; Lat. AUXILIARY, n. Auxiliaris, from Auxilium, AUXILIARY, adj. (ab AUCTU.) See AUGAUXILIATORY. MENT. From the augmented strength, which those supply, who aid or help us, (Varro.)

One who augments or increases our strength or power; who helps, aids, assists; who succours or supports: an aider, helper, assister, or supporter.

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Advanc't in view, they stand, a horrid front
Of dreadful length and dazling arms, in guise
Of warriors old with order'd spear and shield,
Awaiting what command their mighty chief
Had to impose.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.
Æneas heard, and for a space resign'd
To tender pity all his manly mind;
Then rising in his rage, he burns to fight;
The Greek awaits him with collected might.
Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii.
Plung'd in the flood, not long the struggler sinks,
With his white flakes, that glisten through the tide;
The sturdy rustic, in the middle wave,
Awaits to seize him rising.-Dyer. The Fleece, b. i.

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Tho Brut a wok of hys slep, and al this vnder stod. R. Gloucester, p. 15. In hor bed hii founde hom in toune tho hii come. Of softe awakunge hii toke lute gome [heed.]-Id. p. 557. Awake ghe iuste men, and nyle ghe do synne, for summe han ignoraunce of god, but to reuerence I speke to ghou Wiclif. 1 Corynth. c. 15. Awake truely out of slepe, and synne not. For some haue not the knowledge of God: I speake this to youre shame. Bible, 1539. Ib.

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They are also, by fits, under great apprehension of the danger of their condition, and that the course which they are in, if they continue in it, will prove fatal to them, and ruin them at last; especially, when their consciences are thorowly awakened by some great affliction, or the near approach of Death, and a lively sense of another world.

Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 29

He does perchance, especially in the first fervours of his zeal, think himself as much obliged to his awakener, as Philemon was to Saint Paul; to whom the Scripture says, that he ow'd even himself.-Boyle. Occas. Reft. Dis. 1. s. 4.

How dreadful had my condition for ever been, if my first awakening bad been in the flames of hell! Nothing but the infinite goodness and patience would have waited so long for the repentance of such an offender as I have been. Stillingfleet, vol. iv. Ser. 1.

There are some men formed with feelings so blunt, with tempers so cold and phlegmatic, that they can hardly be said to be awake during the whole course of their lives. Burke. On the Sublime and Beautiful.

This night, however, rising first, he stood Beside me suddenly, and is dispatch'd Already to awaken whom thou nam'st.

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. x. Old Fr. Award, Awarder, -(Roquefort.) A. S. Wardian, or Weardian, to look at, to diTooke supposes it to be à garder, i. e. a determination, à qui c'est à garder, the thing in dispute; i. e. to keep it, to have or hold it in possession.

AWARD, v. AWARD, n. AWA'RDER. rect the view.

S

To determine, to adjudge, to arbitrate.

To stond gladly to the award of his soveraine, or of him that is higher in degree: certain this is a gret werk of humilitee.-Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

[It is required that we] beleue the resurreccion of the dead to come and also that last iudgment, whiche shall awarde some to eternall felicitie, and other some to euerlastyng paynes, and damnacion.-Udal. Hebreis, c. 6.

And we decre, ordaine, and awarde, that my saied lorde of Wynchester, in the presence of the kynge, our soueraigne lorde, my lorde of Bedford, &c. saye and declare in manner and forme that followeth.-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 4.

Well, I [Latimer] say not nay, but I may bee abused; but why doe you not tell me howe your brother abused mee. promising before me and many moe, that hee would stand to your awardship, and nowe doeth deny it?

Fox. Actes and Monum. Q. Mary. Let. of Latimer. Por. And you must cut this flesh from off his breast, The law allows it, and the court awards it. Jew. Most learned judge-a sentence-come, prepare. Shakespeare. Merchant of Venice, Act iv. sc. I.

Then those whom form of laws Condemn'd to die, when traitors judg'd their cause, Nor want they lots, nor judges to review The wrongful sentence, and award a new. Dryden. Virgil. Eneis, b. vi. Thus revered, And plac'd beyond the reach of sordid care, The high awarders of immortal fame, Alone for glory thy great masters strove. Thomson. Liberty, pt. ii.

Her [the countess of Pembroke] immediate succession to the large estates of her ancestors in the north, had been disputed by an uncle, who inherited the title: and an award had been given against her by James I.; to which however she would not submit.-Gilpin. Tour to the Lakes.

This man affirm'd the fine
All paid, haranguing vehement the crowd;
That man denied that he had ought receiv'd;
And each, producing witnesses, appear'd

Impatient for the award.-Cowper, Homer. Iliad, b. xviii.

AWARE, v.
AWA'RE, ad.

Goth. Waryan; A. S. Warian, Warnian; D. Waaren; Ger. AWA'RN, v. Waren, Bewaren. Wachter considers the primitive meaning to be,-to see, and to be transferred from sight (literally) to mentai perception.

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To see, to observe, to foresee, to take heed, to use or give caution; to be or make cautious or provident; to provide, to foretell. See WARE.

Whan everich of them had a staff

Into his hond nomin [taken]
Gamelyn was aware tho

He forsaugh them comin.-The Coke's Tale of Gamėlyn.

A corosie is layd vnto an old sore, not to heale it, but to stirre it vp, and make the disease alyue, that a man myght feele in what ieopardie he is, and how nye death and not aware, and to make a way vnto the healing plaster. Tyndall. Workes, F 9.

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AWAY.

Goth. Ga-wagyan; A. S. AWA'TWARD. Wagian; Ger. Weghen; Dutch Waeghen; Eng. Wagge, to move; Goth.

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Wigs; A. S. Weg or Wag; Ger. and D Wegs or

Weg;

Eng. Way.

Away is sometimes imperatively used; as, Away to the field; move, remove, begone. Or the past part. as, he is away; i. e. he is moved, removed, gone. In the Bible, 1539, "I cannot awaye with your new moones, your sabbathes, and solempne dayes;" in the Geneva, is, "I cannot suffer;" by Lowth, I cannot endure.—I cannot away with, is I cannot move with; in unison with.

To make away, to waste, to destroy.

Nennyn caste ys owne swerd anon a wey wel fayn,
And nom thet swerd to hym, that so noble was and riche.
R. Gloucester, p. 49.
The wyle he slep, the traytour his wey aweyward nom
Stilleliche bi halues, that me nuste wher he bi com.
Id. p. 151.
On the nyght he fled away, that non suld him se.
R. Brunne, p. 16.
Give thou to him that axith of thee, and turne thou not
ewey fro him that wole borowe of thee.-Wiclif. Matt. c. 5.

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And which of all those oppressive acts or impositions did he ever disclaim or disavow, till the fatal awe of this Parliament hung ominously over him?

Milton. Answer to Eikon Basilike.

There is one: euen the Hyest, the maker of all thynges, the Almighty, the kyng, of power (of whom men ought to stande greatly in dice) which sytteth vpon his trone, beinge

a God of dominion.-Bible, 1539. Syrach, c. 1.

And to consummate all,
Greatness of mind and nobleness their seat
Build in her loveliest, and create an awe
About her, as a guard angelic plac't.

Id. Paradise Lost, b. viii.
Nor think thou with wind
Of airie threats to awe whom yet with deeds
Thou canst not.

Id. Ib. b. vi.
And thou sly hypocrite, who now wouldst seem
Patron of liberty, who more then thou
Once fawn'd, and cring'd, and servilly ador'd
Heav'n's awful Monarch?
Id. Ib. b. iv.

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Love and obedience to her Lord she bore,
She much obey'd him, but she lov'd him more.
Not aw'd to duty by superior sway:

But taught by his indulgence to obey.-Dryden. Eleonora.

Long stood the noble youth oppress'd with awe,
And stupid at the wondrous things he saw
Surpassing common faith; transgressing nature's law.
Id. Theodore & Honoria.
By tracing Heaven his footsteps may be found:
Behold! how awfully He walks the round!
God is abroad, and wondrous in his ways,
The rise of empires, and their fall surveys.

Presuming on his force, with sparkling eyes,
Already he devours the promis'd prize.
He claims the bull with awless insolence:
And having seiz'd his horns, accosts the prince.
Id. Virgil. En. b. v.

AWHA'PED. A. S. "Awaped, past part.
Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. ix. confounded, stupified," (Tyrwhitt.)
From A. S. Wafian, to be amazed or astonished,
(Skinner.)

His frown was full of terror, and his voice
Shook the delinquent with such fits of awe,
As left him not, till penitence had won
Lost favour back again, and clos'd the breach.
Cowper. Task, b. ii.
There is very rarely the awfulness of grandeur, and not
very often the splendour of elegance.
Johnson. Life of Addison.
See WEARY.

On weary.

AWE'ARY.
Tired, fatigued.
Laf. Go thy waies, I begin to be a wearie of thee, and I
tell thee so before; because I would not fall out with thee.
Shakespeare. All's Well, Act iv. sc. 5.

A/WK.
A/WKLY.
A'WKWARD.

Skinner does not notice the adj. Awk; and makes nothing of the etymology of A'WKWARDLY. Awkward, to his own satisA'WKWARDNESS. faction. If Awh be not a corruption, its origin may be deduced from the Dutch Aver-recht, contrarius recto: præter rectum: thus aver-recht, aurrecht, aurcht, aurc, auk, or awk, to which add the termination, ward; and If Id. Brit. Rediviva. Awkward will mean-looking from the right. Awkward be the proper simple term, it may be the A. S. Acyrred, (ac-yrred,) past part. of the verb, Acyrran, to turn; and thus mean, turned, averted.

For thou hast lost thy princely priuiledge,
With vile participation. Not an eye
But is awearie of thy common sight,
Saue mine, which hath desir'd to see thee more.

Id. 1 Part Hen. IV. Act iii. sc. 2.

And as she [Thisbe] ran, her wimple let she fall
And toke none hede, as sore she was awhaped
And eke so glad that she was escaped.

Chaucer. Legende. Thisbe of Babilon.
Alisaundre was sore awaped,
That he was so ascaped.-Kyng Alisaundre. Weber, vol. i.

Tho this Vortiger hadde that folk al in ys hond,
He seyde, he moste wende awyle out of this lond,
To purchace more tresour the kyng for to spene,

R. Gloucester, p. 108.
Although mirth a while be taried, it shall come at such
ceason, that thy thought shall ben ioyed.
Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. ii.
But in deceite if that thou feigneste,
And thervpon thy luste atteyneste,
That thou haste wonne with thy wile,
Though it the like for a while,

Thou shalte it afterwarde repente.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.

It was to weet, a wild and salvage man;
Yet was no man, but onely like in shape.
And eke in stature higher by a span,
All overgrowne with haire, that could awhape
An hardy hart.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 7.
AWHEELS. On wheels, (used by Ben Jonson.)
And will they not cry then the world runs awheels?
B. Jonson. Vision of Delight.
AWHILE. A time. A. S. Hwile, (for Hwiol,)
a turn, walk a while; take a turn, (Tooke.)
Written either separate or conjoined. See WHILE.

Sir Amyas Pauwlet, when he saw too much haste made in any matter, was wont to say, stay a while, that we may make an end sooner.-Bacon. Apophthegms.

Thus having said, th' embassadors amaz'd
Stood mute awhile, and on each other gaz'd.

Dryden. Virgil. En. b xi. They languish awhile under the pains of mortality, and are cut off in the flower of their age; while many begin, and finish their journey almost at the same time.

Gilpin, vol. 1. Ser. 8. AWHIT. A whit, or o whit. A. S. Hwit. See WHIT, and AUGHT.

He that hath not (suche a one is he that hydeth his treasure, and kepeth it to him selfe) the same shal not al onely be neuer a whyt the richer therfore, but also that thing whiche he thought he had for his owne use, and no mans els, shall be quyte taken from him.-Udal. Marke, c. 4 These farre exceede the haggarde hauke

that stoppeth to no stale: Nor forceth on the lure awhit, but mounts with eu'ry gale?

Turberville. To a Gentlewoman.

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