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The barcke perceiuyng this small Craer to bee an Englisheman, shot at hym and bouged hym, wherfore the Craer drewe streight to the greate ship, and sixe or seuen of the men, leapt into the barke.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 37.

Thus they launching out into the maine sea be either drowned there, their shippe bouged for that purpose, or els doe cast themselues ouer-boord headlong into the sea. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 86.

The Spaniards made no more adoe, but fastning their apparrell to bouges of lether like bladders, full of wind, and laying their bucklers thereupon, sat aloft and passed over nimbly.-Holland. Livivs, p. 408.

For it soundeth not like a truth, that horsemen with their armor and horses safe could overcome so great a rage of the river, although we should graunt that all the Spaniards gat over upon blown bladders and leathern bouges.-Id. Ib. p.420. BOUGE. Fr. " Bouche, a mouth; also, a passage, entry, entrance, or overturn into. Avoir bouch à Court: to eat and drink scot-free; to have budge-a-Court, to be in ordinary at Court," (Cotgrave.)

Mr. Gifford observes, that "bouge of Court was an allowance of meat-and-drink for the tables of the inferior officers, and others who were occasionally called to serve and entertain the Court." (B. Jonson's Workes, vol. vii. p. 228. n. 1.) See BOMB, for other examples of Bouge.

It appears to have meant merely free entrance or access, ingress and egress.

I am an officer, groom of the revels, that is my place. Not. To fetch bouge of court a parcell of invisible bread, and beere for the plaiers (for they never see it.)

B. Jonson. Masque of Augures. BOUGH, or A. S. Bug-an, to bow, (qv.) Bow The bow of a tree is so called, because it bows or bends from the stem or trunk.

And see it by ensample of trees in somer tyme
Theer som bowes bereth leves, and some bereth none.

There might men does and roes ysee
And of squirels full great plentie
From bow to bow alway leping.-Chaucer. R. of the Rose.
The boistrous winds oft theire high bowes do blast,
Hott sighes in me continually be shed,
Wilde beastes in them, fierce loue in me is fed:
Unmouable am I and they stedfast.

Wyat. The Lover's Life compared to the Alpes. And after that goodly disport was passyd, the kyng comaunded his offycers to brynge the mayer and his company vnto a pleasaunt lodge made all of greene bowys, and garnisshed with tables and other thinges necessary. Fabyan. Edw. V. an. 1482.

Take hede least whiles thou dost labour to attein to the top, thou fallest with the bowes which thou doest embrace. Brende. Quintus Curtius, fol. 198.

Yet comfort comes againe, when from the roote
He sees a bough into the north to shoote,
Which, nourisht there, extends itself from thence,
And girds this iland with a firme defence.

Sir J. Beaumont. Bosworth Field.

I do not know whether I am singular in my opinion, but, for my own part, I would rather look upon a tree in all its luxuriancy and diffusion of boughs and branches, than when it is thus cut and trimmed into a mathematical figure. Spectator, No. 414.

And burns Lorenzo still for the sublime
Of life? To hang his airy nest on high,
On the slight timber of the topmost bough,
Rockt at each breeze, and menacing a fall?

Young. Complaint, Night 5.
From the A. S. Bug-an, to

BOUGHT, or
BOUT.
BOUT.

bow; to bend, to turn. See The bought of a serpent; the flexures, bends, curves, folds or involutions.

The bought of the knee or elbow (in the north called beight) is the flexure or curvature of the knee or elbow. A winding bout;-an involution. Another bout;-another turn. The bout of a sling, is the bent leather upon which the stone or thing to be thrown is laid.

The wrath (as I began you for to say)
Of Troilus, the Greeks boughten dere,
For thousandes his hondes maden dey.

Id. Troil. & Cres. b. v. BOUN, or Ray, To boun or unboun, is to BOUND. dress, and undress; perhaps from the Dut. Bouwen, to build, to manure. Boon Piers Plouhman, p. 277. days, are those days which the tenants are obliged to employ for the benefit of their lord, gratis.-Boun (boun-ed), bound, are, in Scotch, and also in northern parts of England, very common words: Whither are ye bound? I am bound for such a place; the Gloss. to G. Douglas interprets Ready, adopting the etymology of Skinner, the A. S. Abund-en, expeditus, from the verb Bind-an, to bind; and, agreeing with him that it is a metaphor from military service, in which the men, when prepared for march, have all their baggage bound up, (whence he adds the Lat. accingi ad iter.) Dr. Jamieson thinks the true origin is the Sw. Boa, to prepare. rite Ihre interprets Rede-boen, paratus. (i. e. ready boun,) ready or already prepared; Far-boen, færda-boen, prepared for a journey, prepared to go. Ready boun is a common Scotch phrase, (and see the quotation from Ipomydon, infra.) The Sw. Boa is the Dut. Bouwen (proposed by Ray); Ger. Bauen; A. S. By-an, to build :-consequentially, to construct, to contrive, to provide, to prepare, also to till; or, as Ray says, to manure, to dress the land. Boun, bone, or boon, (see the quotations from R. Brunne and Piers Plouhman,) then, is

and to

Prepared, or provided, dressed, ready be bound to any place; Prepared or provided, furnished or supplied (with freight or cargo, as a ship bound to Brazil. ) I am bound, to go to such a place, to do such a thing; prepared, ready, to go; on the start, on the way; ready to do it, on the point of doing it. In Spenser : "The way that does to heaven rally, to be bound is— bound;" i. e. prepare, fit, lead, guide: and, gene

To be on the way or voyage, on the road, in the

course.

But bow all knees, now of her knees
My tongue doth tell what fancy sees
Whose bought incavd doth yield such sight,
Like cunning painter shadowed white.
Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii.

And, as shee lay vpon the durtie ground,
Her huge long taile her den all ouerspred,
Yet was in knots and many boughtes vpwound
Pointed with mortall sting.

He passing by with rolling wreathed pace,
With brandisht tongue the emptie ayre did gride
And wrapt his scalie boughts with fell despight
That all things seem'd appalled at his sight.
Spenser. Virgile. Gnat.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 1.

Yet a man is risen to pursue thee, and to seek thy soul: but the soul of my lord shall be bound in the bundle of life with the Lord thy God, and the souls of thine enemies, them shall he sling out, as out of the middle of a sling. [The Margin says, Hebr. in the midst of the bought of a sling.] Bible. 1 Sam. xxv. 29.

Lap me in soft Lydian airs Married to immortal verse;

Such as the meeting soul may pierce,

In notes, with many a winding bout

Of linked sweetness long drawn out.-Milton. L'Allegro.

The different flexure and order of the joints might also countenance the same; being not disposed in the elephant, as they are in other quadrupeds, but carry a nearer conformity into those of man; that is, the bought of the forelegs, not directly backward, but laterally and somewhat inward; but the hough or suffraginous flexure behinde rather outward.-Browne. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 1.

the verb, to buy, (qv.) BOUGHT. The past tense and past part. of

Wanne yt come byuore hym, he nolde therof nogt,
Nere yt no so lute worth, bote yt were dere ybogt.
R. Gloucester, p. 390.

O glotonie, full of cursednesse;

O cause first of our confusion,

O original of our damnation,

Till Crist had bought us with his blood again.
Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,432.

Ipomydon said, "I shall you tell
At this covenant would I dwell,
Full fain I would be ready boun
To lead your queen, both up and down,
Fro her chamber to her hall.

Ipomydon. Life. Ellis. Rom. vol. iii. O holy sire, quoth he, how shall I quight The many favours I with thee have found, That hast my name and nation redd aright, And taught the way that does to heaven bound!' Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 11. His be that care whom most it doth concerne, Sayd he; but whither, with such hasty flight, Art thou now bound? Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 4.

Jan. 31. 1577. We took a Portugall, laden the best part with wine, and much good cloth :-bound for Brasill. Sir F. Drake. The World Encompassed. Tell me, ye Trojans, for that name you own; Nor is your course upon our coasts unknown :Say what you seek, and whither were you bound?

Willing we sought your shores, and hither bound,
The port, so long desir'd, at length we found.
Dryden. Virgil. Eneis, b. vii.

This cape [Blanco] lies in the lat. of 4° 15' south, and is always made by ships bound either to windward or to leeward.-Anson. Voyage, b. ii. c. 7.

ner.

BOUNCE, v. Vox a sono ficta, says SkinBOUNCE, n. Perhaps from Bounds, BOUNCER. bounts, bounce. See BOUND, BOUNCING, n. infra, to which bounce is equivalent, and Scotch, to bount, in Jamieson. Met. to boast; to crack.

This sodaine chaunge when he began to spye
And colde suspect into his minde had crept,
He bounst and bet his head tormentingly,
And from all company himself he kept.

Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe. They waste their winde in sighes,

they bleare their eyes with brine: They breake their bulcks with bouncing grief, their harts with lingring pine.

Turberville. Of the Torments, &c. With that he gave her a bounce Full vpon the gorge.-Skelton. Ware the Hawke. Yet still he bet and bounst vpon the dore, And thundred strokes thereon so hideously, That all the peece he shaked from the flore, And filled all the house with feare and great vp-rore. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 2. grated cages, and made more fierce and cruell with their As savage beasts with keene and fell teeth kept up in

foule and filthie keeping, upon hope to get out, rush and bounce against the barres that turne and wind within their sockets.-Holland. Ammianus, p. 129.

Pel. To bestride The frothy foams of Neptune's surging waves, When blust'ring Boreas tosseth up the deep And thumps a louder bounce.

Ford. The Lover's Melancholy, Act i. 1.

A sylvan life till then the natives led,
In the brown shades and green-wood forest lost,
All careless rambling where it lik'd them most;
Their wealth the wild-deer bouncing through the glade.
Thomson. Castle of Indolence, c. 2.

As I was sitting in my chamber, and thinking on a subject for my next Spectator, I heard two or three irregular bounces at my landlady's door, and upon the opening of it a loud chearful voice inquiring whether the philosopher was at home.-Spectator, No. 383.

The heroines undertook the task,

Through lanes unknown, o'er stiles they ventur'd, Rap'd at the door, nor stay'd to ask,

But bounce into the parlour enter'd.-Gray. Long Story.

At this information I could instantly perceive the widow bounce from her seat; but correcting herself, she sat down again, repressed by motives of good breeding. Goldsmith. Citizen of the World, Let. 70.

BOUND. See BIND, BOND. BOUND, v. To bound, Skinner says, BOUND, n. is from the Fr. Bondir, to Bo'UNDING-STONE. be struck back, to leap back, to be dashed back, from the Lat. Undare, Abundare, Redundare, because a ball, when struck back, commeat et remeat instar undarum. But Rebound, (to which he refers, and which he explains to signify-to be driven back as a ball,) he derives from the It. Rimbombare, to resound as an echo, from the Gr. Boμßos, Boußew, to bomb, or hum. Fr. " Bondir, to bound, to rebound, to leap, jump, jert, skip, rise (suddenly and swiftly) up

The erle wist it sone, in him was no defaute,
The barons were alle bone, to mak the kyng assaute.
R. Brunne, p. 292.
Leulyn ageyn the kyng & Dauid were alle bone,
To maynten forth the werre, & susteyn ther treson.
Id. p. 240.
And bed hem all ben boon. beggeres and othere
To wenden wt hem to Westmynstere.-P. Plouhman, p. 33.
[He] of adventure happed hire to mete,
Amid the toun, right in the quikkest strete,
As she was boun to go the way forth right
Toward the garden.-Chaucer. Frankeleine's Tale, 11,807. ward," (Cotgrave.)

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So dreadfully he towards him did pas,
Forelifting up aloft his speckled brest,
And often bounding on the bruzed gras,
As for great joyance of his new come guest.

Spenser. The Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 11.
Imperiously he leaps, he neighs, he bounds,
And now his woven girts he breaks asunder,
The bearing earth with his hard hoof he wounds,
Whose hollow womb resounds like Heaven's thunder.
Shakespeare. Venus & Adonis.

'Tis strange! the pilot keeps his seat;

His bounding ship does so curvet,
Whilst the poor passengers are found,

In their own fears already drown'd.-Cotton. Winter.

This discourse did breath

The fiery boundings of his heart, that still

Lay in that æsture.-Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xx.

I've seen a huntsman, active as the morn,
Salute her earliest blush with sounding horn;
Pursue the bounding stag with op'ning cries,
And slight the timid hare, his easy prize:
Then, with the setting sun, his hounds restrain;
Nor bounding stag, nor timid hare obtain.

BOUND, v. BOUND, A.

Low Lat. Bonna, borna, or bunda, bonnare; Fr. Bonne, or borne, borner. Abonner, aborner, to fix the bourn or bound; to include, BOUNDLESSNESS. or inclose within limits; to bound, or (with the mere difference of the interchangeable letters b, and p,) to pound, from the A. S. verb Pynd-an, to inclose.

To include or inclose, within limits or confines; to limit, to confine, to restrict or restrain; to determine or terminate.

For doe but note a wilde and wanton heard

Prior. Solomon, b. i.

Or race of youthful and vnhandled colts,

Fetching mad bounds, bellowing and neighing loud,
Which is the hot condition of their bloud.

God has given no man a body as strong as his appetites:
but has corrected the boundlessness of his voluptuous desires,
Shakespeare. Merchant of Venice, Act v. sc. 1. by stinting his strengths, and contracting his capacities.
South, vol. i. Ser. 1.

Blacklock. Desiderium Lutetiæ.

BOUNDARY.

BOUNDER.

BOUNDLESS.

or

First the nemnid alle the,

That thorgh the reame suld go, the boundes forto stake.
R. Brunne, p. 309.
And every reaume went he for to see,
He was so strong that no man might him let;
A: bothe worldes endes, saith Trophee,
In stede of boundes he a pillar set.

Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,121.

Why doest thou rather put into his head howe farre he may extende the boundes of his dominions, then put him in remembrance with howe narrowe lymites the seignorie, which he hath nowe at this present, was in old tyme bounded.-Udal. Mark, Pref. p. x.

While Peirce and Plowmā hopes to picke a thāke,
By mouing boundes, (which got skarce graze his goose.)
Gascoigne. The Fruits of Warre.

So maye the feare of infamy, dishonour and dyspraise, refraine and restrayne them fro euyl, and some tyme holesomely brydle and conteine them within the limites & boundes of good and honorable order.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 622. For let vs first consider the breadth and bignesse of this burning zone (which as euery man man knoweth, is 47. degrees) each tropicke, which are the bounders thereof, being 23. degrees and a halfe distant from the equinoctiall. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 48. Which to outbarre, with paineful pyonings From sea to sea he heapt a mighty mound, Which from Alduid to Panwelt did that border bound. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 10.

Whose circled waters rapt with whirling sway
Like to a restlesse wheele, still ronning round,
Did covet, as they passed by that way,
To draw their bote within the utmost bound
Of his wide Labyrinth.
Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 12.
Besides her modest countenance he saw
So goodly grave, and full of princely aw
That it his ranging fancie did refraine,
And looser thoughts to lawful bounds withdraw.
Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 6.
Deep woes roll forward like a gentle flood,
Who, being stopp'd, the bounding banks o'erflows:
Grief aallied with nor law nor limit knows.
Shakespeare. Rape of Lucrece.

In his miracles, hee loves ever to meet nature in her bounds; and when shee hath done her best, to supply the rest by his overruling power.-Bp.Hall. Cont. Simon called.

But, Sir with what possibilitie can your constitution be so boundlessly amorous as to affect all women of what degree, forme or complection soeuer?

And him, whom all the skill and power of armes did late attend,

Now like a man in counsell poore, that (trauelling) goes amisse, And (hauing past a boundlesse plaine) not knowing where he is, Comes on the sudden, where he sees a riuer rough. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. v.

Marston. The Fawne, D 42. (1606.) -Ye good distrest! Ye noble few! who here unbending stand Beneath life's pressure, yet bear up awhile, And what your bounded view, which only saw A little part, deemed evil, is no more.-Thomson. Winter.

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This maid, of which I tell my tale expresse,
She kept hireself, hire needed no maistresse;
For in hire living maidens mighten rede,
As in a book, every good word and deede,
That longeth to a maiden vertuous :
She was so prudent and so bounteous.
For which the fame outsprong on every side
Both of hire beautee and hire bountee wide.
Id. The Doctoures Tale, v. 12,039.
Nature set in hir at ones
Beautee with bountee so beseyn,
That I maie well afferme and seyn,
I sawe yet neuer creature,

Of comly hede, and of feture,
In any kynges region,

Be liche hir in comparison.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.

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But this sudden pang, hauing first commended the bounteousness of his minde,-the LL. of the senate staied;affirming it to be the dissolution of the empire, if the reuenewes by which it was sustained should be diminished. Grenewey. Tacitus. Annales, p. 196. Wherefore, he vsyng all lenitie, mercie, and bounteousnesse would not once touche or apprehende the body of King Henry, whome he might both haue slaine, and vtterly destroyed, considering that he had him in his warde and gouernance.-Grafton. Hen. VI. an. 33.

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Then the commons louyngly thaked the kyng and muche praised his witte that he had denyed it to them when they unworthely demaunded it, and had bountifully graunted it when he perceiued that they sorowed and lamented.

Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 22.

And in affliccions thorowe the help of God they be inuincible and if any prosperitie come vnto them, thei ascribe it wholly to the goodnes and bountifulnes of God.

Udal. Matthew, c. 4.

For that I may not remark the bounties of God running over the tables of the rich, God hath also made provisions for the poorest persons; so that if they can but rule their desires, they shall have their tables furnished.

Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 26. Now gins this goodly frame of temperance Fairely to rise, and her adorned hed To prick of highest praise forth to aduance, Formerly grounded, and fast setteled On firme foundation of true bountihed.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 12.

If then he be as deceived and as absurd, who thinketh that the gods be mortal and corruptible, as he who is of opinion, that they bear no bountiful and loving_affection toward men, Chrysippus is as far from the truth as Epicurus. Holland. Plutarch, p. 881. Hath the kings bountifulnesse giuen lands and possessions to Christian churches for this end? that Clearkes harlots should bee pampered with delicious dainties. Stowe. The West Saxons, an. 974.

His honest friends, at thirsty hour of dusk, Come uninvited; he with bounteous hand Imparts his smoking vintage, sweet reward Of his own industry.

Philips. Cyder, b. ii.

The duke turned to the lady, and told her, it now remains for me to put you in quiet possession of what your husband has so bountifully bestowed on you; and ordered the immediate execution of Rhynsault.-Spectator, No. 491. For Providence decrees, that we obtain

With toil each blessing destin'd to our use;
But means to teach us, that our toil is vain,
If he the bounty of his hand refuse.-Scott, Eleg. 3.
But oh thou bounteous giver of all good,
Thou art of all thy gifts thyself the crown!
Give what thou canst, without thee we are poor;
And with thee rich, take what thou wilt away.

Cowper. Task, b. v. To thy blest hand, and bounteousness of mind, Has giv'n extensive powers unslacken'd rein; To me a barrenness of wish assign'd,

That grieves itself to see another's pain.-Boyse. Ode.

It is true, indeed, the direction of the public weal is in the hands of a single person, who, for the general good, takes upon himself to ease us of the whole care and weight of government; but still that bountiful source of power permits, by a very generous dispensation, some streams to flow down to us.-Melmoth. Pliny, b. iii. Let. 20.

If they are less bountifully provided than the rich, with the materials of happiness for the present life, let them how ever be thankful to Providence that they have fewer difficulties to contend with, fewer temptations to combat, and fewer obstacles to surmount, in their way to the life which is to come.-Porteus, vol. ii. Lect. 17.

BOURD, v. Fr. Bourde, scoffs, jeasts, BOURD, n. gibes, cuts, quips, (Cotgrave. ) Bo'URDING. Dut. Boerde, Mid. Lat. Burda. Dr. Jamieson thinks that the Fr. Bourd-er is merely an abbreviation of Be-houdir, behorder, to joust together with lances, and that this being a species of mock fighting very common in former times, the idea has been transferred to talking in jest or mockery.

To Bourd, bord or board, seems merely to beTo abord or aboard, to accost, to approach; to accost in speech, to address; or direct the speech or discourse to to attack in speech, sportively, jestingly; to jeer or jest, to banter.

Bretheren, quad he, take kepe what I shal say;
My wit is gret, though that I bourde and play.
Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,710.
Yet had I lever payen for the mare,
Which he rit on then he should with me strive.
I wool not wrathen him so mote I thrive;
That that I spake, I sayd it in my bourd.

Id. The Manciples Prol. v. 17,026
Gamelyn satte him adoun
In the justic'is stede,
Herkenith now of the bourde
That Gamelyn tho dede. Id. The Plowmans Tale.
With sugred words she wood and sparde no speach,
But bourded him with many a pleasant tale.
Turberville. The Louer wisheth, &c.

At length her self bordeth Æneas thus, Unfaithful wight, to cover such a fault, Coldest thou hope?

Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv

"streams of water" being "the most distinguishable aboriginal divisions of property." (See BOURN, Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv. infra.) The Bourn of Spenser is previously denoted a river, st. 2.

See the quotation from Stow.

She smote her breast and rushing through the rout;

And her dieng she cleapes thus by her name.
Sister, for this with craft did you me bourd.

Ye should not, sir, in a strange land,
Mock, nor yet be ouer-bourdand;
But, if ye will with bourdings deal,
Right cleanly than ye should them veil.

Sir Eger. Ellis. Rom. vol. iii.

They all agreed so turning all to game
And pleasant bord, they past forth on their way ·
And all that while, wherto they rode or came,
That masked mock knight was their sport and play.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 4.

Whom thus at gaze the Palmer gan to bord
With goodly reason, and thus fayre bespoke.

Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 2.
The next, the Stubborne Newre whose waters gray
By faire Kilkenny and Rosseponte boord.

Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 11.

The wisard could no longer beare her bord
But, bursting forth in laughter, to her sayd.
Id. Ib. b. iii. c. 3.

Burden, or Burthen, (qqv.)

BOURDON, n.
And there in mourning spend their time
With wailfull tunes, whiles wolves do howle and barke,
And seem to beare a bourdon to their plaint.

Spenser. On the Death of Sir Philip Sidney.

BOURGEON, v. Į Sursum geminans is renBo'URGEON, n. dered by Wiclif — buriownynge upwards. Menage says the Fr. Bourgeon is from Burrio; and Burrio from Burra. Skinner, that it is from Bourre, soft down, because buds are generally soft and downy. But the origin of Bourre is still to seek.

Fr. Bourgeonner, to bud, to spring or sprout out, to put or shoot out, (Cotgrave.)

occasion, or if you like my uncle's wit better than mine, limit, meere, march; the end or furthest compass Fr. Bonne or Borne, a bound,

I am wise enough to tell you I can bourd where I see

BOURN.

you shall marry me.

of a thing, (Cotgrave.)

Ford. 'Tis Pity She's a Whore, Act iii. sc. 5. Gramercy, Borril, for thy company,

For the etymology, see To BOUND OF INCLOSE.

For all thy jests, and all thy merry bourds,
Upon thy judgment much I shall rely,
Because I find much wisdom in thy words.
Drayton Pastorals, Ecl. 7.

Biholde ghe that no man faile to the grace of God, that no roote of bittirnesse buriownynge upward lette and manye be defoulid by it.-Wiclif. Ebrewis, c. 12.

Wost thou not well (qd. she) but euery tree in his seasonable time of bourioning shew his blomes from within, in signe of what fruite shoulde out of him spring, els the fruit for that yere men halt deliuered, be the ground neuer so good. And though the stock be mighty at ye full, & ye braunches seer & no burions shew, farwel ye gardiner, he may pipe with an yue leaf, his fruit is failed.

Chaucer. Testament of Loue, b. iii.

Good lady (qd. I than) it hath oft be seen, yt weathers & stormes so hugely haue fall in burioning time, & by perte duresse han beaten of the springs so clean, wherthrough ye fruit of thilk yere hath failed. It is a great grace whā burions han good wethers, their fruits foorth to bring.-Id. Ib.

Thus Cham his broode did burgeon first,
And helde the worlde in awe.

Warner. Albion's England, b. i. c. 1. Also they have devised, that the said impe to be engrafted, be gathered from the tree when it beginneth to bud or burgen. Holland. Plinie, b. i. c. 15.

Her loathly leare
Is nothynge cleare
But vglye of cheare
Her face all bowsy
Comelye crinkled
Wonderously wrynkled. Skelton. Elinour Rumming.
Still as he rode, he somewhat still did eate,
And in his hand did beare a bouzing can,
Of which he supt so oft, that on his seat
His drunken corse he scarce vpholden can.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 4.
Now, though from the table he [Sylla] was commonly
found both very active, painful, and severe; yet falling into
such company, by drinking, bowsing, and making good
By the flowres the fruites are knowen, and the vines in cheer, he suddenly became another manner of man.
burgenyng. Golden Boke, c. 42.
North. Plutarch, p. 387.
The guests upon the day appointed came,
Each bowsy farmer with his simpering dame.
King. The Old Cheese.

Furthermore looke what is the nature that forked trees have in their boughes, the same hath the vine in her eyes and burgeons.-Id. Ib. b. xvi. c. 30.

When first on trees burgen the blossomes soft,
Prickt forward with the sting of fertile kinde,
Against the aire cast vp her head aloft,

And gath'reth seed so from the fruitfull winde.
Fairefax. Godfrey of Bulloigne, b. vii. s. 76.
O that I had the fruitful heads of Hydra,
That one might bourgeon where another fell.

Dryden. Don Sebastian, Act i. sc. 1.

She Beverley salutes, whose beauties so delight,
The fair-enamour'd flood, as ravish'd with the sight,
That she could ever stay, that gorgeous phane to view,
But that the brooks and bourns so hotly her pursue.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 28.

BOURN. A. S. Byrna, burn; Dut. Born; Ger. Born, brunn; Sw. Brunna, A well, spring, fountain. Junius and Wachter think it is from the Gr. Bpue, to spring or flow forth. Ihre, from Rinnan, be-rinnan, brinnan, to run. See an example from Milton in v. BOSKY. Perilous bourne in Spenser is, in st. 38 of the same Canto, called perilous shard and T. Warton thinks that Bourne here, and perhaps always, means boundary:

:

or

Ne care ne feare I how the wind do blow
Or whether swift I wend or whether slow;
Both slow and swift alike do serve my tourne;
BOUTEFEU. Fr. Boute-feu, a wilful
Ne swelling Neptune, ne lowd-thundring Jove,
Can chaunge my cheare, or make me ever mourne;
voluntary firer of houses; also a fire-brand of sedi-
My little boat can safely pass this perilous bourne.
tion, a kindler of strife and contention: one that
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 6. s. 10. loves to set, and see men together by the ears.

Diuers bournes sodainly brake out of the hollowe places of the earth, and ouerflowed a great part of Canterbury cittie, the streame whereof was so swift and violent, that it bare downe buildings and houses, and drowned manie people. Stow. Hen. III. an. 1271.

Fawke. The Sparrow.

BOUSE. The Dut. Buyse is, (according to
} Kilian, ut. with (we handles,
Bo'usy.
which on account of its size is taken up and set
down with both hands. Buysen, to drink out of
from the Gr. Quoew, to blow.
such a cup, to drink largely. Skinner suggests
It seems plainly
formed from the Fr. Boire, to drink, beu,
drunken. To bouse is

To drink largely, sottishly; to swill.

We'll see when 'tis enough, when both eyes out,
Or if it wants the nice concluding bout;
But, if it lies too long, the crackling's pall'd,
Not by the drugging-box to be recall'd.

Rous'd at his name, up rose the bowsy sire,
And shook from out his pipe the seeds of fire.

King. The Art of Cookery.
The prince of ** has taken me in his train, so that I
am in no danger of starving for this bout.
Goldsmith. A Letter from a Traveller.

Pope. Dunciad, b. iv.
Let the men of all nations, but Italy, prove
The blessings that wait upon beauty and love
But in boosing, alas! one unfortunate bout
Will rob us of vigour, and leave us the gout.
Fawkes. Woman. A Ballad.
Where'er you see ungracious Ham,
Bent to disclose his father's shame,
And, spite of modest Shem and Japhet,
Persist the boozy sire to laugh at,
You aid the pious brother's cares :

Your delicacy suits with theirs.-Cambridge. Painting.
One bout, one turn;

BOUT. See BOUGHT.
another turn, another trial.

Here, tyrant, take a taste of my good-will,
For thus I doe begin my bloody bout:
You cannot chuse but like the greeting ill;
It is not that same clubb will beare you out.
Guy & Amarant. Percy, vol. iii.
But leave we Hob to clamber out,
Queen Mab and all her fairy rout,
And come again to have a bout
With Oberon yet madding.

For an example, see the quotation from Hammond in v. BROIL.

A charge was brought up from the House of Commons to the Lords, by Sir Henry Vane the Younger, a most notorious sectarist, an indefatigable boutefeu, and promoter of the discontents and rebellion that followed.

Wood. Athena Oxon. W. Laud.

Bo'WER.

Ulyss. I will not praise thy wisdom,

Bo'WYER.
Bo'WING, n.
Bo'WHAND.
Bo/WMAN.

Which like a bourn, a pale, a shore, confines
Thy spacious and dilated parts.

Bow, the noun, whether ap-
plied to the inclination of the
body in reverence; or to an en-
Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act. ii. sc. 3. gine of war; or an instrument of musick; or a
Cleop. If it be love indeed, tell me how much.
Ant. There's beggary in the love that can be reckon'd.
Cleop. I'll set a bourn, how far to be belov'd.
Id. Antony & Cleopatra, Act. i. sc. 1.
Death hath summon'd it to go
Pensive to the shades below:
Dismal regions! from whose bourn
No pale travellers return.

particular kind of knot; or the curved part of a
saddle, or of a ship; or to the arc-en-ciel, (rain-
bow ;) or to bended legs; or to the branches of
trees; always means one and the same thing; viz.
bended or curved; and is the past tense and past
part. of the A. S. Bygan, flectere, incurvare. See
Tooke, ii. 216.

Wiclif renders the Lat. declinare, vitare, (sc. to
slip on one side, to escape,) by the English word,
son
It is also used (consequentially) for—
To give way, to yield, to submit; to obey.
Conon bowede a doun to hym, & thonkede hym faste
And bi het to serue hym trewliche, the while ys lyf laste.
R. Gloucester, p. 93.
The bowiares ssoppe hii breke, & bowes nome ech on.
Id. p. 541.
Wilton had thei taken, Southampton also,
Cornwaile and Wales bouwed tham vnto.

R. Brunne, p. 39.
And brynge alle men to bowe. with oute bitter wonde.
Piers Plouhman, p. 73.

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By worshippyng, whether it was in the olde testament, or newe, vnderstand the bowing of a mans self vpon the ground: as we ofte tymes, as we kneele to our prayers bow our selues, and lie on our armes & hands with our face to the ground. Tyndal. Workes, p. 11. Then all the gonnes seuered them selues into one place, the pykes in another, and the bowmen in another. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 31. When the Turke was arriued, he bent his ordinance toward the towne and did no great harm, when he saw that the walles were of that defence that ordinaunce did litle harme, he caused all his pyoners to cast yearth one banke ouer another styl, tyll they came within a bowshot of the

Drayton. Nymphidia. wall.-Grafton. Hen. VIII. an. 14.

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They vse little drummes at their sadle bowes, by the sound whereof their horses vse to runne more swiftly.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 314.

Wyllyam shot so wonderous well,
Tili hys arrowes were all agoe,

And the fyre so fast upon hyin fell,

That hy's bowstryng brent in two.-Adam Bell. Percy.

She sees her son, her God,

Bow with a load

Of borrow'd sins; and swim

in woes that were not made for him.

Crashaw. Sanela Maria Dolorum.

So fairely dight, when she in presence came, She to her sire made humble reuerence, And bored lowe, that her right well became, And added grace vnto her excellence.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 12. -When he came, he saw Visses viewing, ere he tried to draw The famous bow; which euery way he mou'd; Yp, and downe turning it; in which he prou'd

The plight it was in: fearing chiefly, lest

The bornes were eate with wormes, in so long rest:
But what his thoughts intended, turning so;
And keeping such a search about the bow;
The wooers little knowing, fell to iest,
And said: past doubt, he is a man profest
In bougers craft, and sees quite through the wood.
Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxi.
And now his well-known bow the master bore,
Turn'd on all sides, and view'd it o'er and o'er:
Lest time or worms had done the weapon wrong,
Its owner absent and untry'd so long.

While some deriding-"How he turns the bow!
Some other like it sure the man must know,
Or else would copy; or in bows he deals;
Perhaps he makes them, or perhaps he steals."

Pope. Homer. Ib.
Atrides dart, of Helenus, the thrust out bow-hand strooke,
And through the hand, stucke in the bow.
Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii.

On his bow-back he hath a battle set
Of bristly pikes, that ever threat his foes.
Shakespeare. Venus & Adonis.
The bow-man (which no country hath the like)
With his sheaf-arrow proveth by his might,
How many score off he his foe can strike,
Yet not to draw above his bosom's height.

Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt.

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Doth not the ox obedient bow
His patient neck, and draw the plough.-Cotton, Fab. 1.
But pays his debts, and visit, when 't is due;
His character and gloves are ever clean,
And then he can out-bow the bowing dean.
Young. Love of Fame, Sat. 4.
There the sycophant and he
Whe, with bare-headed and obsequious bows,
Begs a warm office, doom'd to a cold jail
And groat per diem, if his patron frown.
Cowper. Task, b. iii.

BOWEL, v. Fr. Boyau, boyaux; It. BuBo'WEL, n. dello, which Menage derives Bo'WELS. from the Lat. Botellus. Junius Bo'WELLESS. observes, that the English word seems to be taken from bow, to bend, to wind, to twist: as the Gr. ενδινα, παρα το εντος δινεισθαι, on account of their folds or convolutions within Is-quod intus convolvantur in gyrum. (Flexuosissimis orbibus, Plin. xi. 37.)

Bowels is used generally for the innermost, the vital parts, the seat of feeling, compassion, or sympathy.

To bowel, to take out the bowels, to eviscerate, to excavate. See DISBOWEL.

In Turkey, where the place, where the fortune, where the head itself, are so insecure, that scarcely any have died in their beds for ages; so that the bow-string is the natural death of Bashaws, yet in no country is power and distinction precarious enough, God knows, in all) sought for with such boundless avidity, as if the value of place was enhanced by the danger and insecurity of its tenure.

Burke. Speech on the Duration of Parliaments.

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And verily, Homer seemeth not to be ignorant of this difference whereof we speak; for of diviners and soothsayers, some he calleth oavoroλovs, i. e. augurs, that is to say authours or observers of birds; others iepers, that is to say, bowel-priers, that spie into the inwards of sacrifices. Holland. Pluturch, p. 995. And the bowell-prying soothsaier, (as it is reported) shewed to Decius the head of the liver on the inner side wounded (as it were) and cut off.-Holland. Livivs, p. 287.

Nor to the surface of enliven'd earth, Graceful with hills and dales, and leafy woods, Her liberal tresses, is thy force confin'd; But to the bowel'd cavern darting deep, The mineral kinds confess thy mighty power. Thomson. Summer. Miserable men commiserate not themselves; bowel-less unto others, and merciless unto their own bowels. Browne. Christian Morals, i. 7.

Dryden. The Flower & the Leaf. branches of trees.

She-wolf of France, with unrelenting fangs,
That tears the bowels of thy mangled mate,
From thee be born, who o'er thy country hangs
The scourge of heav'n.
Gray. The Bard.

BOWER, v. "A. S. Bur, bure, conclave, Bo'WER, n. an inner chamber, a parlour, a Bo'WERY. bower," (Somner.) Dut. Bure, tugurium; Ger. Bauer, from Ger. Bauen; A. S. Byan; to inhabit, to indwell. Applied to—

}

A habitation, a dwelling, an apartment in a dwelling; now usually applied-to some shaded place of retirement formed of trees or the bows or

And Junius thinks bower is so called because formed of the bows or boughs of trees.

―― Justices some Buskede hem to the boure. ther this berde dwellyd Confortynge hure as thei couthe.-Piers Plouhman, p. 38. So mote I thrive, I shal at cockes crow Ful prively go knocke at his window, That stant ful low upon his boures wall.

Chaucer. The Miller's Tale, v. 3674. And in a launde, vpon an hill of floures Was set this noble goddesse Nature, Of branches were her halles and boures Ywrought, after her craft and her measure. Id. The Assemblie of Foules. Giue me my lute in bed now as I lie And lock the doores of mine vnluckie bower: So shall my voyce in mournfull verse discrie The secrete smart which causeth me to lower. Gascoigne. A Lady, &c. doth thus bewray her Grief.

The next day the lordes of Fraunce, who hadde lost their tentes and their prouisyons, thanne took counsayle to lodge in bowers of trees, more nerer to the towne.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 80.

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He keeps a garden where the spices breathe,
Its bowering borders kiss the vale beneath;
'Tis there he gathers lilies, there he dwells,
And binds his flowerets to unite their smells.
Parnell. The Gift of Poetry.

[He] plac'd thy green and grassy shrine, With myrtle bower'd and jessamine.

Warton. Ode on the Approach of Summer.

Far happier thou, in this sequester'd bower,
To shroud thy poet, who, with fost'ring hand,
Here bade thee flourish, and with grateful strain
Now chants the praise of thy maturer bloom.

Mason. The English Garden, b. iii.

O! what descriptive eloquence can tell
The woods and winding walks of Boscobell?
The various vistas, and the grassy glades,
The bowery coverts in sequester'd shades?

BOWL. v.
Bowl, n
Bo'wLER.
Bo'WLING, n.
Bo'WLING-GREEN.

Fr. Boule; It. Balla, palla; Sp. Bolla; Dut. Bol; Ger. Bol, from the Ger. Bol-en, to roll. Bowl, patera rotunda; A. S. BolGer Bulle, Wachter derives from the same verb, Bol-en, volvere, rotare. A bowl or ball is—

la;

Any thing round or rolling; a round body to roll upon the ground; a round or circular bodyhollow-to contain liquids; a round or circular hollow.

Fawke. Bramham Park.

And whyle the kynge was shyppinge of his men, one broughte forthe a bolle full of mede or meth to drynke vpon bon vyage, and after that came bowl after bowl, so that after drynke came dronkennes, and after iangelynge, and iangelynge tourned into strife, and stryfe tourned into fyghtinge, where through many were slayne.

Fabyan. Edw. the Conf. an. 1053. The bowle is round, and doth down slide, Eche one thrusteth, none doth uphold, A fall failes not, where blinde is guide, The stay is gone, who can him hold?

Vncertaine Auctors. Totus Mundus, &c

A gentle state, where two such tenis balles Are tossed still and better bowles let lie. Gascoygne. Voyage into Holland. Garlick indeed should not be suffered to boll and run up to seed, and therefore the blade thereof ought to be wreathed. Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 6.

While one doth bring A carven bowl well wrought of beechen tree, Praising it by the story, or the frame, Or want of use, or skilful maker's name. Bp. Hall. Defiance to Envy.

A little boll or cup, to sacrifice and offer unto the gods withall.-Holland. Livivs, p. 611.

Placed it [the obeliske] was in the middest of the shewplace, and upon it a bowle or globe of brasse set, glittering with thin plates of gold.-Id. Ammianus, p. 84.

He [Antigonus] espied upon a time within his camp, certaine common souldiers playing at the ball and bowling, having their corslets on their backs, and their morions upon their heads, he took a great pleasure therein.

Id. Plutarch, p. 341. An. Alas I had rather be set quick i'th' earth, And bowl'd to death with turnips.

Shakespeare. Merry Wives, Act iii. sc. 4. Breake all the spokes and fellies from her wheele, And boule the round naue downe the hill of heauen, As low as to the fiends. Id. Hamlet, Act ii. sc. 2.

The captains and commanders were then it seems at bowls upon the Hoe at Plymouth; and the tradition goes, that Drake would needs see the game up; but was soon prevail'd on to go and play out the rubbers with the Spaniards. Oldys. Life of Ralegh. The right side of the pall old Egeus kept, And on the left the royal Theseus wept; Each bore a golden bowl, of work divine, With honey fill'd, and milk, and mix'd with ruddy wine. Dryden. Palamon & Arcite, pt. iii.

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And whan he had it thrice radde,
To open a boxe she him badde,
That she there toke hym in present,
And was full of suche oignement,
That there was fire ne venym none,
That shulde fastenen hym vpon,
Whan that he were anoynt withall.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.
In this meantime returned from France the Lord James,
who beside his great expences, and the losse of a box wherein
was his secret purse, escaped a desperate danger in Paris.
Knox. History of the Reformation, p. 293.

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Cleopatra was in such a rage with him, that she flew upon him, and took him by the hair of the head, and boxed him well-favouredly.-North. Plutarch, p. 783.

They cause a chambermaid to enter into her [Matata] temple, and there they box her about the ears.-Id. Ib. p. 115.

A. Gellius tells of a boy that would give every one that he met a box on the ear.-Bp. Taylor, vol. i. Ser. 24.

Faith, they may hang their harps upon the willows;
"Tis just like children when they box with pillows.
Dryden. Epilogue for the King's House.
Whether a man may put up a box on the ear received from
a stranger in the dark? with several other subtilties of the
like nature.-Tatler, No. 250.

Where Slack is made to box with Broughton,

I see the very stage they fought on.

Cambridge. A Dialogue.

A tilt or tournament, the martial diversions of our ancestors, was however an unlawful act; and so are boxing and sword playing, the succeeding amusement of their posterity. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 14.

He grew one day very uneasy in bed, and a gentleman
who watched him, desirous of covering him up close, received
from the patient a violent box on his ear.

Goldsmith. Particulars relative to Charles XII.
Thrice with an arm, which might have made
The Theban boxer curse his trade,
The drone he shook, who rear'd the head,
And thrice fell backward on his bed.

Churchill. The Ghost, b. iv.

BOY, v.
Boy, n.
BO'YERY.
BO'YISH.
BO'YISM.
BO'YSHIP.

Male infants; then to male children, beyond the period of infancy. See GIRL.

By Cryst quath Peers Plouhman tho. theese pvbes wolle

ich showe

To beggers and to boyes. that loth ben to worcke.
Piers Plouhman, p. 142.
Big laddes and strieplynges grou quite awaye from the
purenes of babehood to boyish wontonnesse.

Udal. Luke, c. 3.
And all about her necke and shoulders flew
A flock of little loues, and sports, and ioyes,
With nimble wings of gold and purple hew;
Whose shapes seem'd not like to terrestriall boyes,
But like to angels playing heavenly toyes.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 10.
They called the children that were past infancy two years,
Irene. and the greatest boyes, Melirenes: as who would say,
ready to go out of boyery. This boy who was made overseer
of them was commonly twenty years of age.

North. Plutarch, p. 42.

Mir. 'Tis not thy cause,-
Thou hast no reputation wounded in't,
Thine's but a general zeal; 'death! I am tainted,
The dearest twyn to life, my credit's murder'd,-
Bafl'd and boy'd.-Id. Ib.

If boxing were ever to become a spectacle patronised by

Emongst the poets new or ould,

princes, and encouraged by a people, there would be reason

to fear lest man, as man, had lost his value, lest life were
estimated of little value; and lest the spirit of despotism
were gradually insinuating itself into the community.
Knox. The Spirit of Despotism.
Ger. Bub. Wachter observes,

where shall we place him (lo,)
Amongste good, or bad: in sadnes nowe
to exclude all brabling moode,
How many winters do you wene
will make a poet good.

Drant. Horace. Ep. b. ii. To Augustus
Yf I canne entreat hym to heare and abide the brablyn

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 410

that the Lat. Pupus is a little boy; of Tyndales tonge, as I trust yet to intreat hym hereafter. and Pupa, a little girl. The Ger. Bub, is perhaps formed from Bubu; which Wachter calls the natural voice of children, asking for drink. The Eng. Babe, (qv.) the Gr. Пa-is, the Lat. Pu-er, pu-pus, pupa ;-Pa-pa, common to so many tongues, all seem to derive their origin from the natural cry of children. The Lat. Pupus and pupa, receive a sexual distinction from their terminations. The Ger. Bub; Eng. Boy, are applied first to

Is his a boyish fault, that you should deem
A whiping, meet and ample punishment.
Beaumont. Psyche, c. 13. s. 239.
And is pert he alone, said murmering they,
His father's lawfully-begotten child,
And we by-blows? Or must his boyship prey
On all our seniorities?-Id. Ib. c. 1. s. 85.

He [Ovid] had complain'd he was farther off from poss sion, by being so near, and a thousand such boyisms, whi Chaucer rejected as below the dignity of the subject.

Dryden. Pref. to Fabl One boy of ten, and another of nine years old, who h killed their companions, have been sentenced to death, a he of ten years actually hanged; because it appeared up their trials, that the one hid himself, and the other hid ti body he had killed, which hiding manifested a consciousne of guilt, and a discretion to discern between good and evil Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c.

Nor can I think
He has forsaken her: say what she please,
I know his curious eye, or say he had,
Put case he could be so boy-blind and foolish,
Yet stil I fear she keeps the contract with her.

Then Milton had indeed a poet's charms:
New to my taste, his Paradise surpass'd
The struggling efforts of my boyish tongue
To speak its excellence.-Cowper. Task, b. iv.

Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Pilgrimage, Act iii. sc. 2.

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Mount. And for the boy, the grave Gomera gave thee,
When she accepted thee her champion,
And in thy absence, like a valiant gentleman,
I well remember it :-he is too young,
Too boyish, and too tender, to adventure.
Mir. Boy, did he call me?
Gomera call me boy?

Beaum. & Fletch. Knight of Malta, Act ii. sc. 3. strengthen, to fasten, to confine, to restrain.

A brace of dogs, as Skinner remarks, is a couple of dogs, dogs braced or coupled together: and from usage, restricted in number to two. Brace the n. and bracelet are applied, particularly, to armour, or ornaments bracing or binding the arm; brace, to a certain part of the rigging of a ship: to certain timbers which are to brace or hold together.

If they meet with one who can relate the order of a feas or great dinner, discourse from point to point of a solemn shew or pompe, tell a tale of some dreame, or make repor of a quarrell and brablement between him and another, the harken with great silence, bid him say on, and will miss never a circumstance.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 44.

Dol. We hold our time too precious to be spent
With such a brabler.-Shakespeare. K. John, Act. v. sc. 1

BRACE, v. Lat. Brachium; It. Braccio
BRACE, n.
Fr. Bras, the arm; applied to
BRACELET. that which embraceth, or holds
BRA'CER. as the arms do.-Bracelet; Fr.
Bracelet; It. Braccialetto.

To hold, bind, or tie together; to tighten, to

Upon his arm he bare a gaie bracer,
And by his side a swerde and a bokeler.
Chaucer. The Prologue, v. ill.

I spie a bracelet bounde about mine arme,
Which to my shaddowe seemeth thus to saye,
"Beleeue not me: for I was but a charm,
To make the sleepe, when others went to playe."
Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe

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