Sundry church-offices, dignities, and callings, for which they found no commandment in Scripture, they thought by the one onely stroke of that axiome to haue cut off. Hooker. Eccl. Politie, b. iii. § 5. If I were covetous, ambitious, or peruerse, Oz rayse myselfe? but keep my wonted calling. Id. As You Like It, Act i. sc. 2. Neither yet need those, who are designed to divinity itself, fear to look into those studies, or think they will engross their whole time, and that no considerable progress can be rse therein, unless men lay aside and neglect their ordiBary callings and necessary employments. Ray. On the Creation, pt. i. How often have I stood, A rebel to the skies, The calls, the tenders of a God, Watts. Confession & Pardon. 66 CALLET, v. Į Mulier impudica. "PerCA'LLET, n. haps," says Skinner, "from Fr. Calotte;" which Cotgrave explains to be, a coife ar half kerchief for a woman; also a little light cap or night cap, worn under a hat." Perhaps, at some period, particularly used by low and mean, by lewd and riotous characters: and thus applied to such persons. And eke a calot of leude demeaning. Leo. A callet Of boundlesse tongue, who late hath beat her husband, And now bayts me. Mos. What is the injurie, lady? You told me of, here I have tane disguis'd. B. Jonson. The Fox, Act iv. sc. 3. CALLIDITY. Lat. Callidus; and this from Cellus, from Calr or Calcare. Callus is properly that hardness of the foot which is caused by walking or treading. And Callere (met.) is to be wise, or skilful, or crafty by much practice or experience." Callidos, quorum, tamquam manus opere, sic animus usu concaluit," (Cic. de Nat. Deorum, 10.) So far the Lat. etymologists. Tooke has no doubt that the A. S. Scylan, to divide, to separate, to discern, to skill; is the true logy. And hence Callidity is-Discernment, discrimination, skill. Tiberius, the Emperor, being troubled with a fellow that wittily and boldly pretended himself to be a prince, at last when he could not by questions, he discovered him to be a mean person by the rusticity and hardness of his body: not by a callousness of his feet or a wart upon his fingers, but his whole body was hard and servile, and so he was discovered.-Bp. Taylor. On Repentance, s. 7. c. 8. Moreover a common thing it is and ordinarie, to replant and recover many trees that have been blown downe and laid along: for they will rejoine, knit againe, and revive, by meanes of the earth, even as a wound doth unite by the solder of a callous cicatrice.-Holland. Plinie, b, xvi. c. 31. If they let go their hope of everlasting life with willingness and joy; if they entertain the thoughts of final perdition with exultation and triumph; ought they not to be esteemed notorious fools, even destitute of common sense, and abandoned to a callousness and numness of soul? Bentley, Ser. 1. Sometimes also this oke engendereth certain hard callosities, like pumish stones; yea and other round balls made of the leaves folded one within another.-Id. Ib. b. xvi. c. 7. moved; without storm, without surges." BECALM. etymo-minde calm and quiet in prayer, from all mocions of fleshly For as the wylde wode rage Of wyndes maketh the sea sauage, And that was caulme bryngeth to wawe, The people is stered all at ones.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii. He an only daughter rear'd, And fairy faction rais'd above her sex, So often therefore as it shall fortune vs also to be in ieor mind. godly desires pluck him by ye sleue, let vs with our conti- We gaue the headland a birth of 3 miles, notwithstanding there lay two rockes two miles to sea boord of vs, so that we were inclosed with them, and sate vpon the highest of them, but it pleased God to make it calme and giue vs the day also, or else we had miscarried. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 366. Udal. Luke, c. 8. Drant. Horace, b. ii. Sat. 3. You heare this new alarme from yonder part, A pilot's part in calms can not be spy'd, Stirling. Doomes-day. The Fifth Houre. Milton. Paradise Regained, b. iv. He [Sir Hy. Wotton] would say, "It was an employment for his idle time, which was not then idly spent;" for angling was, after tedious study, "a rest to his mind, a cheerer of his spirits, a diverter of sadness; a calmer of unquiet thoughts, a moderator of passions, a procurer of contentedness."-Walton. Angler, pt. i. c. 1. Bishop Godwin saith, it doth not appear that he [Rd. Scroope] desireth to be tried by his peers; and I believe it will appear, that nothing was then calmly or judiciously transacted, but all being done in a hurry of heat, and by martiall authority.-Fuller. Worthies. Yorkshire. But the Græcians, whom learning had made more substantial in their worship, required moreover an habituate temper of passions that the inward calmness and serenity of the affections might perform the promises of the outward purity.-Hammond. Workes, vol. iv. p. 619. For Jove, who might have us'd his thundering power, Cowley. On the late Civil War. The affairs of Turkey were thus in great disorder: the Grand Seignior died soon after: and his successor in that empire gave his subjects such hopes of peace, that they were calmed for the present.-Burnet. Own Time, an. 1694. The seventh [book P. L.] affects the imagination like the ocean in a culm, and fills the mind of the reader without producing in it any thing like tumult or agitation. Spectator. No. 339. For I cannot but think all controversies in matters of religion are then best handled, and with the greatest probability of success, when they are managed calmly without all particular resentments, and with all the tenderness that is possible towards those persons, whom we are endeavouring to reclaim into the way of truth.-Nelson. Life of Bp. Bull. For sure the happiest meed, CALORIFICK, adj. CALEFY. If cold be not a positive quality, but the absence of heat, the removing of the calorifick agents will in many cases suffice to produce cold.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 594. CALTROP, or In A. S. the Carduus stelCA'LTHORP. Slatus, or star-thistle, is called Coltræppe. The same plant in Fr. is Chaussetrape, (Chausse, the hose,) with a manifest reason for the denomination, says Junius. Chausse-trape is explained by Cotgrave also to be "A caltrop, or iron engine of war, made with four pricks or sharp points, whereof one, howsoever it is cast, ever stands upwards." The Irishmen had strawed all alongest the shore a great number of caltrops of iron, with sharp pricks standing up to wound the Danes in the feet. Holinshed. Chron. Invasions of Ireland. Lord, what a chaunge was here at Rome since the dayes of Cato the censor, who thought it meet and requisite, yea and gave advice that the said forum or great hall of common pleas should be paved and laid all over with caltraps under foot, to keep out lawyers and busie pleaders from thence.-Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 1. CALVE, v. In Luke, xv. 27. A. S. "Thin CALF, n. fæder of sloh an fætt celf;" in CA'LVISH. Wielif, "Thi fadir slough a fatt CALVING, n. calf." A. S. Cealf, celf, calf, cealfian, vitulum parere. Somner explains Calfian; -fetare, vitulum edere. Kilian; the Dut. Kalven, fœtare, fætum edere, fortificare. Wachter,the Ger. Kalben, fæetare, fætificare; and remarks, that fatare, (to bear or bring forth,) is the primary and general signification; other usages are Thereto she coude skip, and make a game, Chaucer. The Miller's Tale, v. 3260. The cattel in the fields and meddowes green; I heard of late of a cow in Warwikshire, which in six yeeres had sixteen calfes; that is, foure at once in three calvings, and twise twins; which, unto manie, may seeme a thing incredible.-Holinshed. Descript. of Engl. b. iii. c. 1. CAM Ye see them confounded in the bokes writen ayenst them of the lerned, answering to their calumpniouse false lyes. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 11. The bitterness of my stile was plainness, not calumniousness.-Bp. Morton. Discharge of Imputations, &c. p. 159. You seem like to Waltham's calf, that went nine miles to suck a cow; and when he came hither, the cow proved a bull: perhaps in your calvish meditation you thought, for your pains in advertising the picture-mother, to have sucked her dug.-Sheldon. Miracles of Antichrist. Then, while calves-leather-binding bears the sway, Lloyd. Charity. A Fragment. Mr. Of unknown etymology. CALVER. Gifford thinks calvered salmon differed little from what is now called pickled salmon, as the directions for preparing it are" to boil it in vinegar with oil and spices." My foot-boy shall eat pheasants, calverd salmons, knots, godwits, lampreys.-B. Jonson. The Alchemist, Act ii. sc. 2. Gasp. Did I ever think That my too curious appetite, that turn'd At the sight of godwits, pheasant, partridge, quails, Massinger. The Maid of Honour, Act iii. sc. 1. Pisc. Oh no! assure yourself a grayling is a winter-fish; but such a one as would deceive any but such as know him very well indeed: for his flesh, even in his worst of season, is so firm, and will so easily calver, that in plain truth he is very good meat at all times.-Walton. Angler, pt. ii. c. 6. CA'LUMNY, n. CALUMNIATor. CALUMNIATORY. It. Calumniare; Sp. Calumniar; Fr. Calomnier; Lat. Calumniari, which Vossius affirms is from Calutum, the (unused) supine of Calvor; i. e. CALUMNIOUSLY. frustrari aut decipere, to CALUMNIOUSNESS. frustrate or deceive. Of Calvor the etymology is unsettled. Cotgrave copiously sets forth the present usage- CALUMNIOUS. To calumniate, to slander, detract from; to reproach unjustly, accuse falsely, charge maliciously, appeach wrongfully; to impeach the credit, blemish the fame, indanger the fortune of another, by forged imputations.' Leo. Prayse her but for this her without dore forme That mercy do's, for calumnie will seare Christ could eate and drinke, but he was counted a frende to synners and publicans: so that hatred unto the trewth dyd alwayse falsly reporte, and calumniate all godly mens doinges.-Strype. Records, an. 1554, No.24. A breuje Treatise. Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act iii. sc. 1. What then need we vie calumnies, like women that will weare [He is] interested, if desiring to carry an ill matter, and knowing that a bad cause will not bear a good speach, he go about to deter his opposers and hearers by a good calumniation.-Hobbes. Thucydides, b. iii. Their tongues out.-Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xx. Corbet. Elegy on Baron Effingham. kyngdom of hevones.-Wiclif. Matt. c. 19. Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act v. sc. 2. CAMEL, n. Camelot, or Cameline; Fr. Camelot; It. Ciam- Thinking, belike, that as the immediate invectives against her majesty, do best satisfy the malice of the foreigner, so the slander and calumniation of her principal counsellors agreed best with the humours of some male-contents within the realm.-Bacon. Observations on a Libel, 1592. This by the calumniators of Epicurus's philosophy, was objected as one of the most scandalous of all their sayings; which, according to my charitable understanding, may admit a very virtuous sense, which is, that he thanked his own belly for that moderation, in the customary appetites of it which can only give a man liberty and happiness in this world.-Cowley. Ess. on Liberty. Upon admission of this passage, as you yourselves have CAM Guard well thy pocket, for these Syrens stand This then seems to be our Saviour's sense; verily I say unto you, that for every slander or calumny that ye vent against any man, ye shall be called to a severe account; and, therefore, much more may ye expect to be so, when ye calumniate and slander the Holy Ghost, by ascribing his works to Beelzebub.-Sharp, vol. iii. Ser. 11. Gay. Trivia, b. iii. 1. $3. Fr. Chameau; It. Camelo ; Sp. Camello; Sw. Kamel ; Dut. Kemel; Gr. Καμηλος. Camelus suo nomine Syriaco de in Latium venit, (Varro, And eftsoone I seye to you, it is lighter a camel to passe thorough a nedlis yghe than a riche man to entre into the Therefore, Sir, I hope you will allow a person, that is And moreouer I saye vnto you: it is easyer for a camell to go throughe the eye of a nedle, than for a riche manne to enter the kyngdome of God.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Ye archewives, stondeth ay at defence, Sin ye be strong, as is a great camaille, Ne suffreth not that men do you offence. Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 9072. Take on a robe of cameline. Id. Rom. of the Rose. As for camels, they are nourished in the Levant, or east Two kinds parts, among other heards of great cattaile. there be of them, the Bactrians, and the Arabicke; and herein they differ: the Bactrians haue two bunches upon their backes; the other, but one apeece there, but they haue another upon their breast, whereupon they rest and lie. Holland. Plinie, b. viii. c. 18. Val. Come, I would your cambrick were sensible as your finger, that you might leaue pricking it for pitie. It seem'd like silver sprinkled here and theare Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 11. The Turks have a pretty art of chamoletting of paper, which is not with us in use. They take divers oiled colours; and put them severally (in drops) upon water and stirre the water lightly; and then wet their paper, (being of some thicknesse) with it; and the paper will be waved, and veined, like chamolet, or marble.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 741. To-morrow I shall be in your livery, and perhaps try whether your Brussels camlet will resist Irish rain, as I have known it to do that of Flanders. Sir W. Temple. Works. Lett. from the D. of Ormond, vol. i. Jenyns. The Art of Dancing, c. 1. Mensula, which, quasi ueca, seems to be locked to the pennants in guize of a wedge, and therefore by our artists nam'd the key-stone: we have shewed their use where two arches intersect, which is the strongest manner of cameration.-Evelyn. On Architecture. CAMP, v. CAMP, R. CAMPAIGN. A. S. Campian, præliari, bellare, belligerare, castrametari; to fight, to make or wage war; CA'MPER. to encamp, (Somner.) Ger. Kampfen; Dut. Kampen; Fr. Camper; It. Campeggiare Sp. Campar. As in the Gr. (says Wachter,) Mapvauai, dimico, is formed from Mapn, manus, and in Lat. Pugnare, from Pugnus; so in the Ger, from Kam, the hand or fist, is well deduced Kampfen, pugnandi et certandi significatu, in the signification of fighting or contending. Ray says, to camp, is to play at football. Camp is striving, and Campian, to strive, to contend. This word for this exercise, he adds, extends over Essex, as well as Norfolk and Suffolk. And see Moor's Suffolk Words. Sax. In A. S. is also found Camp-stede, castra, locus prælii, the place of encamping or fighting. Junius says, manifestly, and Skinner, perhaps, from the Lat. Campus. Vossius presents four different etymologies of Campus; three of which he rejects, and the fourth, which he adopts from Joseph Scaliger, is aro Tns kaμans, i. e. equorum flexu, whence the goals, meta ipsa, were called κаμлTapes. According to the etymology of Wachter, Camp, in its first step, from Kam, the hand, would be It is very certain that the Spanyards have refused batel, the night, from the place where they were encamped within In meadow or pasture (to grow the more fine) haulf a mile of tharmy of Mouns. Strype. Records, No. 23. The King's Ambass. to Wolsey. Shakespeare. Antony & Cleopatra, Act iv. c. 9. Where, (all commodious,) nought their rest might marre. The trials of camp-fight were performed by single combat, in lists appointed for that purpose between the accuser and accused, and were usual in actions both real and criminal, where no evident proof of fact appeared from witnesses, or other circumstances: the victor was acquitted, and the van quished, if not killed upon the field, was condemned. Sir W. Temple. Introd. to the Hist. of England. Burnet. Own Time, an. 1666. The first time I saw him, [De Witt,] he told me I came Sir W. Temple. To Sir George Savile. CAMPAIGN. And albeit the people are most lewd, yet the coûtry is exceeding good, abounding with all comodities, as flesh, corne, rice, siluer, gold, wood of aloes, camphire, and many other things.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 56. And eats chaste lettice, and drinks poppy-seed, Massinger. The Guardian, Act iii. sc. 1. complexions to that degree, that a country fox-hunter who mix with common oil, we tried also, by shaking the saline and camphorate liquors together, to unite them, and easily many hours.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 433. The fight, the battle itself; then, the Camp-very uniform, and continued so (at least as to sense) for stede, or place of fighting; then, (as Cotgrave expresses it,) an hoast or army lodged; (sc. prepared and awaiting the fight ;) and now also, the mere lodgment itself. See ENCAMP, DECAMP. Campaign, the period of encampment or of lodgment in camp; of active operations (sc.) without quitting the field. Camper, see in v. COMBAT, the quotation from Verstegun. CAN, v. Goth. Kunnan; A. S. Can, cennan ; Sw. G. Kanna; Dut. & Ger. Kennen. Ihre says, to experience by the senses, to feel; sensibus experiri, sentire: it is spoken of all the senses, imprimis, of the smell, as the Fr. Sentir. Wachterfirst, scire, nosse, (to know, to understand,) sive valere, to be able; a sense, (or signification,) he intellectu, sive usu et experientiâ: second, posse, remarks, transferred from knowledge to power. KEN.) In English, can is now used merely as a grammatical auxiliary. To know, to feel, to see, to perceive; to understand; to know (sc.) how to do any thing; to be able, to have the ability or power. See CUNNING. In Scotch, to ken is still in common use. (See Know hym wel yf thow kanst. and kep the fro hem alle I can rimes of Robin Hood and Randal earl of Chester. Chaucer. The Man of Lawes Prologue, v. 4467. Hir name is murmure and compleint, To sette a glad semblant therin.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. For this seedetyme lasteth euen tyl the worldes ende : and they also as helpers of Jesu Christe, be sowiers, saue al onelye that they sowe not their owne sede, but suche as Christe deliuered vnto them. And because that sede is celestiall, it can in no wyse be ouerlayed or oppressed. Udal. Mark, c. 4. appereth of hys wyse wordes he neyther canneth anye skill Spenser. Shepherd's Calendar. March, 1. 56 O! how can beauty master the most strong, Id. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 3. s. 6. In place, there is licence to do good and evil, whereof the latter is a curse; for in evil, the best condition is not to will, the second not to can.-Bacon. Essays. Of Great Place. And moreouer sayd, Sir, besyde God, I ought to canne you the moost thanke of any creature lyuyng.-Ïd. Ib. c. 226. CAN. Often used for gan or began, in old writers. With gentle words he can her fairely greet, Oft tempre'd is (quoth she) with muchell smart. Can yeeld great thanks for such her curtesie. Vin. Does every proud and self-affecting dame "} For her superfluous outside, all for this [to become a bare hollow with some degree of length; and observes, if this be true, can, i. e. vas oblongum, may be well It is a contradiction to imagine that Omnipotence can do that, which if it could be done, would render all power insignificant.-Tillotson, vol. ii. Ser. 99. To ascribe to God a power of doing what can't be done is not magnifying, but mocking his power. And the reason is plain because a power of causing a thing to be, at the same time that it is not, is only a power of doing that which is nothing, that is, no power at all.-Clarke, vol. i. Ser. 8. And yf we put it in aduenture, though we fayle thereof, yet Kynge Edwarde, our mayster, woll canne vs moche thanke therfore.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 87. The canary bird is now so common, and has continued so long in a domestick state, that its native habits as well as its native country, seem almost forgotten. Goldsmith. Animated Nature, b. iv. c. 4. CANCEL, v. Fr. Canceler, cancellare; CANCELLATED, adj. It. Scancellare; Sp. CanCANCELLER, n. celarThe Lat. Cancellus, Vossius derives from KryKALS, which is itself from Kλeiew, claudere, obserare, to enclose, (sc.) with rails or bars. See the example from Blackstone for the present technical usage; and also CHANCELLOR, To draw lines across, or over, to cross; to deface or efface, to erase, to obliterate, to blot out; and thus, to destroy or annul. Canceleer appears to be applied by Drayton to the crossing, zig-zag, motion of a hawk, "when she turneth two or three times upon the wing, to recover herself before she seizeth her prey," (Gent. Recreation, quoted by Gifford.) In that great booke of Joue's decrees in heau'n, Compiled ere time had any wings to moue, The wofull wight, to whom black fate is giuen, No change of time can change the will of Joue. Then making to the flood, to force the fowls to rise, Shake hands for ever, cancel all our vows, A deed may be avoided, by delivering it up to be cancelled; that is, to have lines drawn over it in the form of lattice work or cancelli; though the phrase is now used figuratively for any manner of obliteration or defacing it. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 20. CANCERATE, v. A. S. Cancere ; Fr. CANCER, n. Cancre; It. Cancro; Sp. CANCEROUS. Cancer; Dut. Kancker. So called because in its rise and progress it is said to have some supposed resemblance to the motion of the cancer; or in its appearance to the cancer itself; or when touched to the feel of the cancer. See the quotation from Wiseman. Cancer is the name of a tumour arising (as it is thought) from an adust or atrabilious humour. It is round, unequally hard, and (if not inflamed) of a livid or brown colour, with exquisite pricking pain: the veins appear turgid in the skin upon the surface of the tumour. Wiseman. Surgery, b. i. c. 21. Here is a gentlewoman, who hath laboured with a cancer in her right breast these eight or nine years, in the use of variety of means to small purpose; at length nature seemed to make a separation between the cancerated and sound applied.-Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 647. breast, such as you often see where a caustic hath been He adds, that the beginning of these cancerous sores is so small that what produces the pain scarce equals the bigness of a pea, and yet in a few days, nay sometimes in a few hours, it spreads so, as to destroy the whole part it invades. Id. Ib. vol. ii. p. 609. As when a cancer in the body feeds, And gradual death from limb to limb proceeds, So does the chilness to each vital part, Spread by degrees and creeps into her heart. Addison. Ovid. Met. b. ii. CANDID, adj. Fr. Candide; It. CanCANDIDATE, V. dida; Sp. Candido; Lat. CANDIDATE, adj. Candidus. Candidus differs CANDIDATE, n. from albus, inasmuch as it CANDIDLY. includes brightness; whence CANDIDNESS. snow recently fallen, silver CANDOUR. polished, are properly called candida. And candidus, Vossius thinks, is from candere, as lucidus from lucere. (See CANDLE.) Candid, in this primitive sense, is rare in English. (See the first quotation from Cowley.) It is applied (met.)- Having the purity of white;-untarnished, unspotted, unsullied, sincere, innocent, upright;undesigning. Candour is used by Brown literally to denote whiteness. Met. it is Daniel. Complaint of Rosamond. purity of character; honour. Purity, fairness, sincerity, in mind or deed; Romans wore a white garment in common, (alt toga,) but, when seeking or standing for offices. was usual "to weare it more white than ordinari and to refresh the bright hew of it." A law wa made forbidding this practice, "ne cui album i vestimentum addere liceret," (Holland, Livy p. 155.) A Candidate was so called, because, when soliciting for office or honour, he wore a garment "more white than ordinarie,” (candida toga.) The Ah mild and gall-less dove, Cowley. Upon His Majesty's Restoration His candid style like a clean stream does slide And his bright fancy, all the way, Does, like the sun-shine, in it play. Id. To the Royal Society. Without quarrelling with Rome, we can allow this pur gatory, to purify and cleanse us, that we may be better can didated for the court of heaven and glory. Feltham, pt. ii. Resolve 57. Though there are some in your free state, Brome. Song. The Indiferent. Id. The Guardian, Act iii. sc. 1. In 1560 he [John Rastell] left his Coll. (wherein he had Of always been accounted an excellent disputant,) his friends, and native country and went to Lovain, where and at Antwerp, he published certain books against B. Jewell, being then a candidate of the Fac. of Theology. Wood. Athena Oxon, Titus Andronicus, the people of Rome, Shakespeare. Titus Andronicus, Act i. sc. 2. Most plants, though green above ground, maintain their original white below it, according to the candour of their seminal pulp, and the rudimental leaves do first appear in that colour.-Brown. Cyrus' Garden, c. 4. Suppose the Spaniard for his advantage, treated of peace at Borbourg, not so fairly and candidly as he ought; we in like manner may now without hurt to ourselves treat with swords in our hands.-Camden. Elizabeth, an. 1598. No man drench't in hate, can promise to himself the candidness of an upright judge; his hate will partialize his opinion.-Feltham, Resolve 62. Writing thyselfe, or judging others writ, I know not which th' hast most, candour or wit: Massinger. The Parliament of Love, Act. iv. sc. 3. For I'll be useful; and, ere I see thee perish, Dispensing with my dignity and candour, I will do something for thee, though it savour Of the old squire of Troy. Cato on the contrary told them. he presented himself as a candidate, because he knew the age was sunk in immorality and corruption; and that, if they would give him their votes, he would promise them to make use of such a strictof it.-Tatler, No. 162. ness and severity of discipline, as should recover them out It [conscience] presently sees the guilt and looks through all the flaws and blemishes of a sinful action: and on the other side, observes the candidness of a man's very principles, the sincerity of his intentions, and the whole carriage of every circumstance in a virtuous performance.-Souin, vol. ii. Ser. 12. If our modern infidels considered these matters with that candour and seriousness which they deserve, we should not see them act with such a spirit of bitterness, arrogance, and malice.-Spectator, No. 187 Ye martial breasts! the pride of Scotia's plain! Blacklock. To the Rev. Mr. Jameson. CANDLE, n. Fr. Chandelle; It. and Sp. Candela; Lat. Candela, from Candere, to burn, savs Vossius, as Suadela from Suadere. But Candere is of unsettled etymology. Candle, in A. S. Candel, is in the ancient Danish language, Kindil. And He was to weet a man of full ripe yeares, That in his youth had been of mickle might, And born great sway in armes among his peares, But now weak age had dim'd his candle-light. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 3. s. 3. The same [Maidenhaire] beeing incorporat with the funrous excrescence growing about the candlesnuffe, as also with the soot found sticking to the sockets of lamps and candlestickes, causeth the haire of the eyelids to come thicke. Holland. Plinie, b. xxviii. c. 11. Here we may take notice of the candletrees of the West ladies, out of whose fruit, boiled to a thick fat consistence, are made very good candies.-Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii. By candle-light we could see little in the bottom of these eyes but lucid objects, such as the flame of the candle, which appeared tremulous, though inverted; but by daylight we could manifestly discern in them, both the motions of every neighbouring object, and the more vivid of their colours-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 53. When he is dress'd he goes to court, comes into the drawing-room, and walking bolt upright under a branch of candlesticks, his wig is caught by one of them, and hangs dangling in the air.-Spectator, No. 77. Tom, a pert waiter, smart and clever, CANDY, v. Fr. "Se candir, to candy, to grow candid, as sugar after boiling," (Cotgrave.) The Italians, (says Menage) call sugar-candy, Zucchiero di Candia; as if made and imported from Candia or Crete. If this be the origin, the usages by Drayton, Carew, and Browne, will be consequential. To give certain appearances resembling those of sugar-candy; to form or congeal into (white or) glistening substances ;-into icicles. In Beaumont ;-to cover over, to overspread; as with sugar-candy. In winter's time when hardly fed the flockes, Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. i. s. 4. This solace's divine contagion spread Upon all contraries its conquering might; With honor, this disgrace, imbellished: This candied bitterest tortures with delight. Beaumont. Psyche, c. 16. s. 198. Here I say nothing of Eringo roots growing in this county, the candying of them being become a staple commodity at Colchester. These are soveraign to strengthen the nerves; and pity it is, that any vigour acquired by them should be otherwise employed then to the glory of God! Fuller. Worthies. Essex. CANE, v. Fr. Canne; It. and Sp. Canna; CANE, n. and Lat. Canna, which Menage CA'NY. derives from the Gr. Kavva, and the Gr. from the Heb.; and remarks that the word is common to the eastern languages. See CAN, n. See the quotation from Pliny. To cane, to make of, do any thing with, to strike or beat with, a cane. But yet ere long againe he doth returne, And brings with him his iron cane and fire, Wherewith he doth beate down and burne All those whom he to mischiefe doth desire. Harrington. Orlando, b. ix. s. 67. As well reeds as canes, spread their leaves like wings round one after another, on either side upon the very joynts, and that in alternative course alwaie verie orderly, so as if one sheath come foorth of the right side, the other at the next knot or ioynt above it putteth out on the left, and thus it doth throughout by turnes.-Holland. Plinie, b. xvi. c. 36. I caned this fellow for ill work he had done for me, and he swore he would be revenged on me. Parliamentary History, an. 1690. But in his way lights on the barren plaines Of Sericana, where Chineses drive With sailes and wind thir canie waggons light. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii. As the Roman censors used to punish knights or gentlemen of Rome, by taking away their horses from them, so I have seized the canes of many criminals of figure, whom I had just reason to animadvert upon.-Tatter, No. 162. The great prince who, some years ago, caned a general officer at the head of his army, disgraced him irrecoverably. The punishment would have been much less had he shot him through the body. By the laws of honour, to strike with a cane, dishonours; to strike with a sword, does not. Smith. Moral Sentiments, pt. i. s. 2. Caspian ranks From barren mountains, from the joyless coast Glover. Leonidas, b. iv. CANICULAR, adj. Į Lat. Canis; Gr. Kvwv, CA'NINE. kiss, to lick. See Vossius. The Canicular days are the dog-days. Canine, of or pertaining to a dog. Now as touching grape verjuice, it should be made of the vine Psythia or Amminea, and before the canicular daies, when as the grapes be but new knit, and no bigger than cich pease.-Holland. Plinic, b. xii. c. 27. Some latitudes have no canicular days at all; as namely all those which have more than 73 degrees of northern elevation; as the territory of Nova Zembla, part of Greenland and Tartary; for unto that habitation the dog-star is invisible, and appeareth not above the horizon. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 13 A third kind of women were made up of canine particles; these are what we commonly call scolds, who imitate the animals out of which they were taken; that are always busy and barking; that snarl at every one who comes in their way; and live in perpetual clamour.-Spectator, No. 209. As churchmen wrangle not with jarring spite, Nor statesmen-like caressing whom I bite; View all the canine kind with equal eyes, I dread no mastiff, and no cur despise. Hamilton. On a Dog. CANISTER, n. Lat. Canistrum, so called because made (originally) of split canes or reeds. See Vossius. -Her princely guest Was next her side, in order sate the rest, Then cannisters with bread are heap'd on high; Th' attendants water for their hands supply. Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. i. Here loaves in canisters are pil'd on high, And there in flames the slaughtered victims fly. Pope. Thebais of Statius, b. i. CANKER, n. CANKER, V. CA'NKERED, adj. CANKEREDLY. CA'NCARDNESS. CANKEROUS, adj. CA'NKERY, adj. Canker by Sandys. applied To any thing that eats, gnaws, corrodes, consumes, devours, or destroys. To any thing that has the malignant, corrupt, infectious, virulent, envenomed qualities of a cancer. Grose says that in Gloucestershire a poisonous fungus resembling a mushroom is called canker; in some counties the caterpillar; in Devonshire the dog-rose, the canker-rose; and in the North, canker'd, Scotch, cankert, is cross, ill-conditioned. Canker is used prefixed to bloom, worm, &c. Canker is Cancer differently written; and -so written-much more variously applied. Malum im.. medicabile, cancer. Ovid, Met. ii. 825, is rendered Cancer by Addison, and (See CANCER.) Canker is And, as with age, his body ouglier growes, So his mind cankers.-Shakespeare. Tempest, Act iv. sc. 1. Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 401 It [dissimulation] causeth him turne tyrant to his owne, And canker-like deuoures it to the root.-Id. Ib. p. 704. First take the glass, the god replies; Lies cankering on his guilty heart.-Gay, pt. ii. Fable 7 |