Skinner,) belli seu militia caput. And Kilian, a capite; for as the head governs the other members, so

The captain governs soldiers, citizens, and others.

Ye looke for your Messias to be some captain whiche shall vsurpe vnto himselfe the kingdom of the world, and entre the possessio therof with charyottes, horses, elephauntes, wild asses, and armed hostes of men, with gunnes, crosse bowes, ingiens, fyer, and sworde, and bloud.

Udal. Luke, c. 24.

Upon the Lord Conier's resignation, the captainship of the castle of Carlisle was appointed to Sir Gray, and the wardenship of the west Marshes to Sir Richard Musgrave.-Burnett. Records. K. Edward's Journal, pt. ii.

A wayuer or fuller, shuld be an vnmete capitaine of an armey, or in any office of a gouernour.

Sir T. Elyot. Gouernovr, b. i. c. 1. Like stones of worth they thinly placed are, Or captain jewels in the Carcanet.-Shakespeare, Son. 52. But captainless Confusedly they deale,

And give a wretched instant of

An headles common-weale.

Warner. Albion's England, b. lii. c. 19.

Sir Edmund Buller, in all things which tended to the queene's majestie's profit of commonwealth, was a principal against it, fearing that their capteinries should be taken away & liuery abolished.

Holinshed. Chron. of Ireland, an. 1568. This will prove more beneficial to you, if you be thrifty, than your captainship, and more natural.

Beaum. & Fletch. A King & No King, Act v. Every boy is bound to have as good a memory as the captais of the form.-Spectator, No. 307.

He [the Earl of Marlborough] was declared captaingeneral, and the prince had the title of generalissimo of all the queen's forces by sea and land. Burnet. Own Time, an. 1702.

CAPTIOUS.

Lat. Captiosus; Fr. Cap

capere, to take. The Scotch use Catchy.

CA'PTIOUSLY. CA'PTIOUSNESS. CA'PTION. Ready, prompt, quick, eager, to take offence, to take objection, to cavil, to quibble: and thus (according to the usage of the noun, Caption, by Chillingworth)To outwit, to deceive. Caption, a taking.

Wherefore they went vnto Jesus, and moued vnto him this captious question: why (quoth they) do John's disciples and the Phariseis ofttimes fast, and thy disciples not fast at alle.-Udal. Mark, c. 2.

They enquired divers questions of mee, whether my Lord Cardinall were myne ordinarye iudge or not, wyth other lyke captious interrogations?-Barnes. Workes, p. 223.

Then turning to the Archbishop and the Prelates sayde; that he was not well content with that clause of theirs, saluo ordine suo, which he sayde was captious and deceytfull, hauing some maner of venym lurcking vnder it.

Grafton. Hen. II. an. 9.

I know I loue in vaine, striue against hope:
Yet in this captious and intenible siue,

I still pour in the waters of my loue

And lacke not to loose still.

Shakespeare. All's well that Ends well, Act i. sc. 3.

How captiously he derogates
From me and mine estate?
And arrogates vnto himselfe
To bring me so in hate.

Warner. Albion's England, b. iii. c. 16. I beseech you, sir, to consider seriously, with what strange captions you have gone about to delude your king and your country, and if you be convinced they are so, give glory to God, and let the world know it by your deserting that religion, which stands upon such deceitful foundations. Chillingworth, pt. i. c. 2. What design can the wit of man pitch upon in a captious and suspitious age that will not meet with objections from those that have a mind to cavil.-Stillingfleet, vol. ii. Ser. 8.

Lat. Captivus, from Capere, captum, to take.

To captive, appears to have been used, formerly, as to captivate (met.) is now; i. e.

CAPTIVE, n. CA'PTIVE, V. CAPTIVITY. CAPTIVANCE. CAPTIVATE, V. CAPTIVATE, adj. CAPTIVATION. To take, (sc.) as a priCAPTATION. soner; (met.) to reduce to CAPTION. bondage, to subject, to subCAPTOR due, to overpower, to CAPTURE, n. enthral, to enslave; and as CAPTURE, v. now used with a subaudition, first, of gentle, attractive, persuasive means or qualities; and secondly, sometimes of delusive or deceitful means or appearances.

Captation, in Skelton, is used with the first subaudition. "With propre captations of benevolence," (Crowne of Lawrell.) And see CAITIFF.

The verb, to capture, now of so common use in public despatches, and in our Courts of law, appears to be quite of modern origin.

To take, (sc.) as a prize, as a prisoner.

And if our English papists doe but looke into Portugall, against which they haue no pretence of religion, how the nobilitie are put to death, imprisoned, their rich men made a praye, and all sorts of people captiued: they shall finde that the obedience euen of the Turk is easy and a libertie, in respect of the slauerie and tyrannie of Spaine. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 174. Loue, that liueth and raigneth in my thought,

That built his seat within my captiue brest, Clad in the armes wherin with me he fought, Oft in my face he doth his banner rest.

Surrey. The Complaint of a Louer Rebuked. And departing out of the foresaid hauen, they caried two of the Prussian ship-masters with the, as their captiues vnto an hauen of England called Sandwich.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 149.

Which infide's also have taken hir, [our said shipp,] and al the said goodes and merchaundises, with the residue of the people being in her, whom they have and detaigne in prison and captiuity.

Strype. Records, No. 3. Hen. VIII. to Sir. Ed. Ponyngs. Her slippers rauished hys eyes, her bewty captyuated his mynde, with the sworde smote she of his neck.

Bible, 1551. Judith, c. 16.

Let vs Christian men graunt nothing contrary to the Scripture, but euer captiuate our reason vnto that, for it is the infallible reasō and wisdome of God, and passeth our reason farre.-Frith. Workes, p. 18.

I beheld a face, a face more bright Then glistering Phoebus, when the fields were fir'd: Long time amaz'd rare beautie I admir'd, The beames reflecting on my captiued sight. Stirling. Aurora, s. 2. Witnesse our too much memorable shame, When Cressy battell fatally was strucke, And all our princes captiu'd by the hand Of that black name, Edward, black Prince of Wales. Shakespeare. Hen. V. Act ii. sc. 4. Come, sad captiues, leave your moans; And your groans Under Sion's ruins bury;

Tune your harps, and sing us lays

In the praise

Of your God and let's be merry.

Donne, Psalm 137.
My self, my sepulcher, a moving grave,
Buried, yet not exempt

By priviledge of death and burial
From worst of other evills, pains and wrongs,
But made hereby obnoxious more
To all the miseries of life,
Life in captivity
Among inhuman foes.-Milton. Samson Agonistes.
With that he gan at large to her dilate
The whole discourse of his captiuance sad,
In sort as ye haue heard the same of late.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. s. 17. But after many fieldes, vnto

The foes continuall wracke, The French king captiuated to

The English monarke, backe His victor sayles, the prince of Wales, Edward surnamed blacke.

Warner. Albion's England, b. v. c. 28.

How ill-beseeming is it in thy sex,
To triumph like an Amazonian trull
Vpon their woes, whom fortune captiuates?
Shakespeare. 3 Part Hen. VI. Act i. sc. 4.
And I will chayne these legges and armes of thine,
That hast by tyrannie these many yeeres
Wasted our countrey, slaine our citizens,
And sent our sonnes and husbands captiuate.
Id. Ib. 1 Part, Act ii. sc. 3.
Suf. Sweet Madam, giue me hearing in a cause.
Mar. Tush, women haue been captiuate ere now.
Id. Ib. Act v. sc. 3.

No small part of our servitude lyes in the captivation of our understanding; such as, that we cannot see ourselves captive.-Bp. Hall. Remains.

Aloud the fairest of the sex complain
Of captives lost, and loves invok'd in vain;
At her appearance all their glory ends,
And not a star, but sets when she ascends.
Lansdowne. Beauty & Law.
The lengthen'd night gave length of misery
Both to the captive lover and the free;
For Palamon in endless prison mourns,
And Arcite forfeits life if he returns:
The banish'd never hopes his love to see;
Nor hopes the captive lord his liberty.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcite.

Here are princesses more illustrious for the blood, that lightens in their cheeks, than for that, which runs in their veins, and who like victorious monarchs, can conquer at a distance, and captivate by proxy.

Boyle. Occasional Reflections, s. 6. Ref. 10.

I no sooner met it, [the widow's eye,] but I bowed like a great surprised booby, and knowing her cause to be the first which came on, I cry'd like a captivated calf as I was,Make way for the defendant's witnesses.-Spectator, No. 113.

This was very happy for him, for in a very few years, being concerned in several captures, he brought home with him an estate of about twelve thousand pounds.

Guardian, No. 159.

If feelings, void of art, Rouse the quick passions, and inflame the heart; If music, sweetly breathing from the tongue, Captives the ear, BRIDE must not pass unsung. Churchill. The Rosciad. Yet, on a time, when vig'rous thoughts demand, Indulge a warmth, and prompt the daring hand: On purpose deviate from the laws of art, And boldly dare to captivate the heart.

Harte. An Essay on Painting.

Which is agreeable to the law of nations, as understood in the time of Grotius, even with regard to captures made at sea; which were held to be the property of the captors after the possession of twenty-four hours; though the modern authorities require, that before the property can be changed, the goods must have been brought into port, and have continued a night intra præsidia, in a place of safe custody, so that all hope of recovering them was lost. Blackstone. Commentaries, vol. ii. p. 401.

CAPUCHIN. Capouch, (qv.)

CAR, n. Ger. Karr; Sw. Karra; Fr. Char. "Car, cart, chariot, and the Lat. Carrus, are the participle of the A. S. Cyran, acyran, to turn, to turn about, to turn backwards and forwards. This word was first introduced into the Roman language by Cæsar, who learned it in his wars with the Germans. Vossius mistakingly supposes it derived from Currus." (See Tooke.)

A vehicle that turns, or that moves by turning (sc.) on wheels.

(Wachter.) In A. S. Cearfan, ceorfan, aceorfan, to carve, to cut, to cut to pieces, to slay, to kill. A destructive kind of gun.

What though the German drum Bellow for freedom and revenge? the noise Concerns not us, nor should divert our joys; Nor ought the thunder of their carabins Drown the sweet airs of our tun'd violins.

Carew. On the Death of the King of Sweden.

I, hearing him give good words, thought he proposed to render himself to me; and therefore stopped my horse, that I might hear him more distinctly: but he, instead of that, made ready his carabine to fire at me.

CA'RACK, n.

Ludlow. Memoirs, vol. i. p. 132. Fr. Carraque; It. Caracca; Sp. Caráca. Vossius, a gravitate capitis, a kapa et Bapus. Skinner, perhaps, from the Lat. Carrus; (q. d.) carrus marinus. Delphino calls itA great heavy sort of ship, the Portuguese formerly sailed in to the East Indies: it was also used by the Genoeses.

Carack and Caravel had probably one origin; and that origin the cargo with which they were loaded.

And now hath Sathanas, sayth he, a tayl Broder than a carrike in the sayl.

Chaucer. The Sompnoures Prol. v. 7270.

And had prepared in certayne portes, such a nombre of vessels, shyppes, careekes, and gayles, suffycient to passe ouer lx.m. men of armes, with all their purueaunces. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 27.

The other, [ship] wherein C. Cæsar had transported the second obeliske into the river, after it had been kept safe for certain yeares together to be seene, (for that it was the most admirable carrick that ever had been knowne to flote upon the sea,) Claudius Cæsar late Emperour of Rome, caused it to be brought to Ostia, where, for the safetie and securitie of the haven, he sunk it, and thereupon as a sure foundation, hee raised certaine piles or bastions, like turrets or skonces, with the sand of Puteoli. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxvi. c. 9. The fire refuses not, as well to warm the beggar as the prince; the water bears as well the carrick as the cork. Feltham, Resolve 75.

The wealthy marts

Of Ormus and Gombroon, whose streets are oft
With caravans and tawny merchants throng'd,
From neighbouring provinces and realmes afar.
Dyer. The Fleece, b. iv.

CARBONADO, v. CARBONA'DO, n. Lat. Carbo, carbonis, a coal. Fr. Carbonade,-" a rasher on the coals; also a slash over the face, which fetcheth the flesh with it," (Cotgrave.)

To carbonado, is, to chop, cut, slice, or slash; as meat chopt or cut for cooking upon the coals.

The next day being the 10th of May in the morning, there were come to aide the said Portugals, foure great armadas or carauals more which made seuen, of which 4, three of

them were at the least 100 tunnes a piece, and another not so bigge, but all well appointed and full of men.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 63. Isab. Who I? I thank you, I am as haste ordain'd me, a thing slubber'd, my sister is a goodly portly lady, a woman of a presence, she spreads sattens, as the king's ships do canvas every where, she may spare me her misen, and her bonnets, strike her main petticoat, and yet out sail me. I am a carvel to her.

Beaum. & Fletch. Wit without Money, Act i. sc. 1.

Fr. Carbonade; It. Carbonata; from the

Draw you rogue, or I'le so carbonado your flanks, draw you rascall, come your waies.-Shakes. Lear, Act ii. sc. 2.

Has he bespoke? what, will he have a brace,
Or but one partridge, or a short-legg'd hen,
Daintyly carbonado'd.

Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Pilgrimage, Act i. sc. 1. He was too hard for him directly, to say the troth o'nt before Corioles, he scotcht him, and notcht him like a car

bonado.-Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act iv. se. 4.

Cimb. Hunger shall force thee to cut off the brawns From thy arms and thighs; then broil them on the coals For carbonadoes.-Massinger. The Bondman, Aet iii. se. 3.

They make a general sally, and attack all that are so unfortunate as to walk the streets through which they patroll. Some are knocked down, others stabbed, others cut and carbonadoed.-Spectator, No. 324.

CARBUNCLE, n. Fr. Carbuncle; It. CarCARBUNCLED, adj. boncolo; Sp. Carboncol; Dut. Karbunckel; Lat. Carbunculus, diminutive of Carbo, carbonis, a coal; quod sit ignitus ut carbo. Carbunculus, by Pliny, is applied to a disease that singes and burns the eilets of the burgeons or buds; he also speaks of "the hote earth, called Carbunculus, which used to burn the corne sowne thereupon," (Holland.)

A Carbuncle is a name given to a certain precious stone; and also to certain burning spots or tumours on the face; to both, from their shining or glittering like burning coals. See the example from Pliny.

Forth right he straught his finger out,

Upon the whiche he had a rynge,

To seen it was a riche thyng,

A fine carbuncle for the nones

Most precious of all stones.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.

So harde is that carbuncle, catching ones a core, to be by any meane well and surely cured. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 351. And the goutes, carbuncles, kankers, lepryes, and other lyke sores and sycknesses, whiche do proceed of blode corrupted, be to al men detestable.

Sir T. Elyot. Gouernovr, b. ii. c. 4.

The carbuncle
Which from it such a flaming light
And radiancy ejecteth,
That, in the very darkest night,
The eye to it directeth.-Drayton, Nymphal 9.

Drink, drink off your bowls,

We'll enrich both our heads and our souls

With canary,

A carbuncled face

Saves a tedious race,

For the Indias about us we carry.

Brome. The Good Fellow.

In our annals or cronicles we find upon record, that while Lucius Paulus and Q. Marcius were Censors of Rome, the pestilent carbuncle (a disease appropriat to Provance and Languedoc in France) came first into Italie.

Holland. Plinie, b. xxvi. c. 1.

I find, on the one side that a great many think it no rarity, upon a mistaken persuasion, that not only there are store

of carbuncles, of which this is one; but that all diamonds, and other glittering jewels, shine in the dark. Whereas, on the other side, there are very learned men, who (plausibly enough) deny, that there are any carbuncles or shining

stones at all. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 790.

Therefore he would have it his way; and our friend is to drink till he is carbuncled, and tun-bellied; after which we will send him down to smoke, and be burried with his ancestors in Derbyshire.-Tatler, No. 66.

The infectious steams presently invaded the lower part of his leg, and produced a pungent pain and blister, which turned to a pestilential carbuncle, that could scarce be cured in a fortnight after.-Id. Ib. vol. iii. p. 676.

From that scene The gloomy night for ever to expel, Imagination's wanton skill in chains Of pearl throughout the visionary hall Suspends carbuncles, gems of native light, Emitting splendour, such as tales portray. Glover. The Athenaid, b. iv.

CARCAN. Fr. Carcan; Mid. Lat. CarcaCARCANET.num. Menage says from the Gr. Kiрkivos, a kind of chain.

A kind of chain, (sc.) for the neck, or a neck

Unto which [Geometry and Astrology] who will thinke that the gorgeous trappings and caparisons, the brooches, collars, and carkans of riches are any waies comparable. Holland. Plutarch, p. 177.

For, said they, they have the same bows, the same rich embroidered gowns, the same golden chains and carcanets of womanish persons, hanging on their cowardly bodies and faint hearts.-North. Ib. p. 280.

My wife is shrewish when I keep not howres;
Say that I lingered with you at your shop
To see the making of her carkanet,
And that tomorrow you will bring it home.

Shakespeare. Comedy of Errors, Act iii. sc. 1
About his necke a carknett rich he ware,
Of precious stones, all set in gold well tried,
His armes that erst all warlike weapons bare,
In golden bracelets wantonly were tied.

Harrington. Orlando Furioso, b. vii. s. 46. CARCASS. Fr. Carquass; Mid. Lat. CarCA'RCASLIKE.casium. Perhaps immediately from the Fr. Carquois; It. Carcasso, a quiver, ob similitudinem cum pharetra; (sc.) with an empty quiver. (See Junius, Menage, Du Cange, and Wachter.) Applied to

A dead body; any thing decayed; in a ruinous state; the mere shell; the skeleton; as the carcass of a house.

Howe ca I, quoth he, be sure therof. May yr taking vp of a mannes bones, & setting hys carcas in a gay shrine, & then kissing his bare scalpe, make a mă a saint.

Sir T. More. Works, p. 190. He woulde haue commaunded the karkaslyke sycke man to be had away, and then haue all to washed himselfe with water-Udal. Mark, c. 2.

Thre times about the walls of Troy was Hector haled on ground

His carcas eke Archilles had for golde exchanged round. Phaer. Virgile. Eneidos, b. i. But, for our burning of the dead, by all means I am wonne To satisfie thy king therein, without the slenderest gaine Made of their spoyled carkasses; but freely (being slainė) They shall be all consum'd with fire.

Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. vii.

Bast. Heere's a stay, That shakes the rotten carkasse of old death Out of his ragges.-Shakespeare. King John, Act ii. sc. 2. The Red sea coast, whose waves o'erthrew Busiris and his Memphian chivalry, While with perfidious hatred they pursu'd The sojourners of Goshen, who beheld From the safe shore their floating carkases And broken chariot wheels.-Milton. Par. Lost, b. i.

He thinks that Providence fills his purse, and his barnes, only to pamper his owne carcass, to invite him to take his ease and his fill, that is, to serve his base appetites with all the occasions of sin.-South, vol. iv. Ser. 2.

Fast by the azure necks he held
And grip'd in either hand his scaly foes;
Till from their horrid carcasses expell'd

At length the poisonous soul unwilling flows. West. First Nemean Ode. CARCERAL. Lat. Carcer, a prison; a coercendo, quod exire prohibet, (Varro.) Carceres (the barriers or starting post) are so called because horses are restrained (coercentur) from going beyond them, before the signal is given. The Goth. Karker; A. S. Carcern; Dut. and Ger. Kerker; Wachter says it may be derived from the A. S. Cark, cura, care, (of which prisons are full.)

Notwithstanding through fauour they were contented, that he should be released from his carceral indurance, in case he would put in sufficient suretie in the king's chancerie, and swere that he shall neuer holde or fauour any such opinions hereafter.-Fox. Martyrs. Hen. VI. an. }.

CARD, v. Dut. Kaerden, obliquo lanam CARD, n. - deducere ferro, (Kilian.) Fr. CarCa'rder. der; It. Cardare; Sp. Cardar; Lat. Carere, from Keipei, eKupov, to shear. Mr. Steevens thinks, that the met. in Shakespeare's Heury IV. is taken from mingling coarse wool with fine, and carding them together, whereby the value of the latter is diminished. To card, he adds, is used by other writers, for to mix. In Ritson's opinion, the King means that his predecessor set his consequence to hazard, played it away, (as a man loses his fortune,) at cards. Dyer calls it the mingling card. It seems to be used as equivalent to-to discard.

To card (e.g.) in Bacon and Beaum. & Fletch. is

It is an excellent drink for a consumption, to be drunk either alone, or carded with some other beer. Bacon. Natural History, § 46.

Petru. But mine is such a drench of balderdash, Such a strange carded cunningness, the rayne-bow When she hangs bent in heaven, sheds not her colours Quicker, and more, than this deceitful woman, Weaves in her dyes of wickedness.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Tamer Tam'd, Act iv. sc. 4.
It is necessary that this book be carded and purged of cer-
tain base things that lurk among his high conceits.
Shelton. Don Quixote, b. i. c. 6.
Upon these taxations

The clothiers all not able to maintaine
The many to them longing, have put off
The spinsters, carders, fullers, weavers.

Shakespeare. Hen. VIII. Act i. sc. 2.
Go, card and spin;
And leave the business of the war to men.
Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. xii.
With equal scale

Some deal abroad the well-assorted fleece,
These card the short, those comb the longer flake.
Dyer. The Fleece, b. iii.
Then the sleek brightening lock, from hand to hand,
Renews its circling course: this feels the card;
That, in the comb, admires its growing length. Id. Ib.

"A Cardinal is so stiled, because serviceable to the apostolick as an axle, or hinge, on which the whole government of the church turns; or as they have from the Pope's grant, the hinge and government of the Romish Church," (Ayliffe.)

Cardinal, adj.--pre-eminent, chief, principal. The cloke was so called, because similar to that usually worn by cardinals.

Though Spelman seems to agree that the word is derived from the Lat. Cardo, he differs as to the cause of the application. (See his Gloss. Arch., Du Cange, and Menage.)

So that tueie cardinals the pope him sende iwis, & hii him asoilede of that was ido amis.

R. Gloucester, p. 476. Now is peeres to the plouh. pruyde hit aspide And gadered hym a gret ost. greven he thenketh Conscience and alle cristene. and cardinale vertues. Piers Plouhman, p. 383.

A cardinall was thilke tide,
Whiche the papate hath long desyred,
And therevpon gretly conspired,
But whan he sighe fortune is falled,
For whiche long time he hath trauailed:
That ilke fyre, whiche Ethna brenneth,
Through out his woefull herte renneth.

They shoote all at one marke
At the cardinal's hat
They shoote all at that
Out of their stronge townes
They shote at him with crownes.

For what other is all his doctrine then of benefites, promotions, dignities, byshoprikes, cardinallshyps.

Tyndall. Workes, p. 416. For this believe, that impudence is now A cardinal virtue, and men it allow Reverence, nay more, men study and invent New ways, nay glory to be impudent.

Drayton. Of the Evil Time. He hath, above the worst of carnal popes, cardinalized divers to the bolstering up of the Borghesian faction. Sheldon. Miracles of Antichrist, p. 306. The colour of his face was as all generally agree, more fresh during the time of his cardinalship, than since. Reliquia Wottonianæ, p. 656.

The story is famous of that cardinal (who flourished in the last age,) that said, that once indeed he had read the Bible, but if he were to do so again, it would lose him all his Latinity.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 295.

But we've no time, my dear, to waste, Come, where's your cardinal, make haste.

CARE, v. CARE, n. CAREFUL, adj. CA'REFULLY. CA'REFULNESS. CA'RELESS. CA'RELESSLY. CA'RELESSNESS.

Goth. Kara; A. S. Caru, caran. Carian, to take care or heed, to regard, to mind, to attend," (Somner.) In A. S. are also found the compounds, Carfull, carfullice, carfulnysse, carleas. Junius thinks that the word

may have some affinity with the Gr. Knp, the heart, because men take especial care of those See CURE. things, quæ maximè ipsis cordi sunt. To care, is generally used, as explained by Somner, i. e.

Lloyd. Chit Chat.

to be heedful, or Hence, asAlso, full of care,

In Ritson, (quoted below)—

To distress, to trouble, to vex, to harass, to afflict with care.

And the noun is common in both applications of the verb, viz.

O Lord my hope behold, and for my helpe make haste
To pardon the forepassed race that carelese I haue past.
Vncertaine Auctors. The repentant Sinner.

Therefore it stondeth you in hande by all meanes, that that daye fynde you not sluggishly napping, nor carelessly snourting by riot and slothfulnes.-Udal. 1 Peter, c. 14.

His trust was with th' Eternal to be deem'd

Equal in strength, and rather than be less
Car'd not to be at all.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

Hereupon I have chosen that kind of life which is most free from the troublesome cares of the world, that I might

attend the service of God alone.-Camden. Eliz. an. 1559.

I care not, fortune, what you me deny; You cannot rob me of free nature's grace; You cannot shut the windows of the sky, Through which Aurora shews her brightening face. Thomson. Castle of Indolence, c. 2. There arose a marvellous schism and variety of factions, in the celebrating the common seruice; some followed the king's proceedings; others admitted them, but did patchingly use but some part of the book. But many carelessly contemned all, and would exercise their old wonted popish mass.-Strype. Memoirs. Edw. VI. an. 1547.

I wish that might befall the French to temper a little such an overgrown greatness; but I doubt it much, from the

present King's dispositions, among whose qualities those of
carelessness or lavishing his treasures, I am afraid, are none.
Sir W. Temple. To Lord Arlington.
The priest, whose office is with zeal sincere
To watch the fountain and preserve it clear,
Carelessly nods and sleeps upon the brink
While others poison what the flock must drink.
Cowper. Expostulation.

CARE/EN. Fr. Carene; It. Carena; Sp. Caréna, carena; Lat. Carina, (a currendo dicta,) the keel of a ship.

To lay a vessel with her keel upwards, for the purpose of repairing, of calking her. See CALK.

The shore at this place seem'd to form several bays, into one of which I proposed to carry the ship, which was become very foul, in order to careen her, and at the same time repair some defects, and recruit our wood and water. Cook. First Voyage, b. ii. c. 6. CAREER, v. Fr. Carrière; It. Carriera; CARE'ER, n. (Junius.) From—to carry, (Skinner.) Fr. Car

We had no worms till we came to this place; for when we careen'd at the Marias, the worm had not touch'd us; nor at Guana, for there we scrubb'd.

Dampier. Voyages, vol. ii. c. 13.

"An highway, a road or street; also, a career on horseback; and, (more generally,) any exercise, or place for exercise, on horseback; as a horserace, or a place for horses to run in; and their course, running, or full speed therein." To career, to move at full speed, swiftly:-also, as if in display of skill or grace.

As with starrs thir bodies all And wings were set with eyes, with eyes the wheels Of beril, and careering fires between. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vi.

Lie. I am glad you are here; but they are all i' th' pound, sir, They'l never ride o'er other men's corn again, I take it, Such frisking, and such flaunting with their feathers, And such careering with their master's favours. Beaum. & Fletch. Humourous Lieutenant, Act ii. sc. 2. He stops, when he should make a full careire,

He runs or trots, when he would have him rest. At last to throw his rider in the mire,

He plungeth with his head beneath his breast. Harrington. Orlando, b. ii. s. 7. The Count de Alanson in a great rage cries out, On, on, let us make way upon the bellies of these Genoueses, who do but hinder us: and instantly pricks on with a full career through the midst of them.-Baker. Edw. III. an. 1346.

-On with speed we fare Prosperous; and when the sun careering prone, Sunk to the western isles, and dewy shade Sabled the pole, we, tilting o'er the waves On ocean's utmost bound, approach'd the realms Unbless'd, where the Cimmerians darkling dwell. Fenton. Homer. Odyssey, b. xi. All to the heart return again; From thence resume their new career, But still return, and centre there; So real happiness below

Must from the heart sincerely flow.-Whitehead. Variety.

CARE/NE. Low Lat. Carena, carentena, CA'RENTANE. quasi, quarentina; a quarantine, (qv.) See in Du Cange.

A Carene, was a fast for forty days on bread and water. A Carentane or quadragene,-a Lent, or forty days of Lent; any space of forty days.

You have with much labour and some charge purchased to yourself so many quadragenes or lents of pardon that is, you have bought off the penances of so many times forty days. It is well; but were you well advis'd? it may be your Quadragenes are not Carenes, that is, are not a quitting the severest penances of fasting so long on bread and water.

Bp. Taylor. Diss. from Popery, pt. i. s. 4.

In the church of Sancta Maria de Popolo there are for every day in the year 2800 years of pardon, besides 14,014 Carentanes, which in one year amount to more than 1,000,000.-Id. Ib. s. 3.

CARE'SS, v. Fr. Caresser; It. Carezzare; CARE'SS, n. Sp. Acariciar. Not from Kappee, to soothe, nor from Xagieo@ai, but from the Lat. Carus; q. d. Caritia, carities, i. e. Caritas, and thence Caritiare, caresser, (Skinner.) And Menage says, de carisciare, formed from carus. Carus, cari, cariscus, cariscius, carisciare.

To touch, to treat with gentleness or fondness, to fondle; to treat endearingly, soothingly, flatteringly.

His business [was] about setling a peace with Tangier ; much respected he was here, carress'd at court, and at both the Universities; and he seemed to express no less esteem for our nation.-Baker. Charles II. an. 1683.

He, she knew, would intermix Grateful digressions, and solve high dispute With conjugal caresses; from his lip

Not words alone pleas'd her.-Milton. Par. Lost, b. viii.

Do not instantly upon your return from church, return also to the world, and secular thoughts and employments; but let the remaining part of that day be like a post-communion or an after-office, entertaining your blessed lord with all the caresses and sweetness of love and colloquies, and intercourses of duty and affection.

Bp. Taylor. Holy Living, s. 10. No. 14.

The King of France used him, [the Duke of Buckingham,] in so particular a manner, knowing his vanity, and caressed him to such a degree, that he went without reserve into the interests of France.-Burnet. Own Time, an. 1671.

Nay, I have known men, grossly injured in their affairs, injured in good language, ruined in caresses, and kissed depart pleased, at least silent, only because they were

South, vol. viii. Ser. 7. Thus must he steer through Fame's uncertain seas, Now struck by censure, and now puff'd by praise; Contempt with envy strangely mix'd endure, Fear'd where caress'd, and jealous, though secure. W. Whitehead. Danger of writing Verse.

CA'RGO. Fr. Cargaison; Sp. Cargaship; Fr. Carguer, charger; It. Caricare, to lade CARGASON, n. Sçon; the freight or lading of a or load. All (says Skinner) from the Lat. Carrus. (See CAR.) And Menage, Charger, from Carricare, formed from Carricus, the diminutive of Carrus. Sir Thomas North writes Cargued.

The load carried, the goods or wares carried, or conveyed.

The brokers came to the water side, and these merchants as soone as they are come on land, do giue the cargason of all their goods to that broker, that they will haue to do their business for them, with the marks of all the fardles and packs they haue.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 217.

Which did not hurt the Grecian galleys, being made low and snug, but greatly offended the Persian galleys, being high cargued, heavy, and not yare of steredge. North. Plutarch, p. 105. So in the mild contentions of the muse, (The war which peace itself loves and pursues,) So have you home to us in triumph brought This cargazon of Spain with treasures fraught. Cowley. The Adventures of Five Hours.

This gentleman was then a young adventurer in the republic of letters, and just fitted out for the University with a good cargo of Latin and Greek.-Spectator, No. 494. To diff'rent lands for diff'rent sins we roam, And, richly freighted, bring our cargo home, Nobly industrious to make vice appear In her full state, and perfect only here.

Churchill. The Times. It. Caricatura, from Caricare, to charge, to load. (See CARGO.) These words are in common use.

CARICATURE, n.
CARICATURE, v.
CARICATURIST.

To charge, to overcharge; to load, to overload; and thus, to colour too highly, to exaggerate, to distort.

From all these hands we have such draughts of mankind as are represented in those burlesque pictures, which the Italians call caracaturas; where the art consists in preserving, amidst distorted proportions and aggravated features, some distinguishing likeness of the person, but in such a manner as to transform the most agreeable beauty into the most odious monster.-Spectator, No. 537.

The painter exhibited a caricatura of the writer, (Wilkes) Churchill then wrote his epistle to Hogarth.-In revenge for this epistle, Hogarth caricatured Churchill under the form of a canonical bear, with a club, and a pot of beer. Walpole. Anecdotes, vol. iv. c. 4.

CARK, v. A. S. Carc, caru, care; car-ian, CARK, N. car-ic-an, carcan, be-carcan, acCA'RKING. take care of. curare, to carke, or care for, to Cearig, is full of care and fear; and also moaning, grieving, complaining, lamenting. (See Somner.) Cark is applied toAnxious care, anxiety, solicitude, trouble. Shal nothr kyng ne knygt. constable ne meyre. Over cark the comune.-Piers Plouhman. Vision, p. 62.

Carminative and diuretic

Will damp ali passion sympathetick:
And love such nicety requires
One blast will put out all his fires.

CA'RNALNESS.

CA'RNEOUS.

CARNOUS.

CA'RNOSE.

CARNO'SITY,

CA'RNIFY.

Swift. Strephon & Chloe. Lat. Caro, carnis, flesh, a carendo, eò quod careat animâ, because it is without life or breath. (See Vossius.) Carnal, as applied generally, is

Of or pertaining to the flesh; to the lusts of the flesh; fleshly; opposed to spiritual. Carnage, the slaughter of flesh; flesh slain or slaughtered.

CARNIVOROUS. It is not unusual to write carnal prefixed to minded and mindedness. Carneous,fleshy, having qualities of, or resembling those of, flesh.

CARNALIZE, v. CARNAGE, n. CARNAL, adj. CA'RNALIST, n. CA'RNALITE, n. CARNALITY, N.

CA'RNALLY.

Nothynge so sharpely assaileth a man's minde, as doth carnalle affection, called (by the followers thereof) loue. Sir T. Elyot. Gouernovr, b. iii. c. 17. Deliciouse delicates effeminate ryght strong men and miche the soner the soft Assyrios. By siche carnalite was Capua made a Canne to Hanibal. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 5. The Jewes loke for Christ, and he is come xv. hundred yeares agoe, and they not ware: we also haue loked for Antichrist, and he hath raigned as long, and we not ware: and that because either of vs looked carnally for hym and not in the places where we ought to haue sought. Tyndall. Workes, p. 60.

But such as stubbernly maintaine Moses lawe literally & carnally understanden, excepte they forsaking the carnalness thereof, fal from it to the spirite, neither do please God nor can.-Udal. Rom. c. 8.

By which device they encountered and fought with even fronts, and on equall hand for number: so he put the eneinies to flight, and with those few souldiers, which he had, he made great carnage of them.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 371.

The carnage and execution was no less after the conflict, then during the fight: for whereas there were many more of them slaine outright in the place than taken prisoners, those also that were prisoners, they spared not, but murdered every where as they went.-Id. Livivs, p. 55.

There is no talking to such, no hope of their conversion, they are in a reprobate sense meere carnalists, fleshy minded men.-Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 685.

There he affirmeth of himselfe, that when he did behold the Christians in their torments and suffrings to be so constant in their profession, he [Justine] was therewith marvellouslie moved: after this maner reasoning with himselfe, that it was impossible for that kind of people to be subiect to anie vice or carnalitie, which vices of their owne nature are not able to sustaine anie sharpe aduersitie, much lesse the bitterness of death.

Fox. Martyrs. Persecutions of the Church. God is on our side, and therfore we fear not what the Pope or any other carnalite can do against us.

Anderson. Exposition upon Benedictus, 1573, p. 76. What concord can there be between a sensual and carnalized spirit that understands no other pleasures but only those of the flesh, and those pure and virgin-spirits, that neither eat nor drink, but live for ever upon wisdom and

Scott. Christian Life, pt. i. c. 2.

For sin wrought this concupiscence and carnal-mindedness; and this carnal-mindedness is such a propensity and desire to sin, and hath in it such easiness to act, that it bringeth forth many sins, and they bring forth death; and therefore the Apostle says expressly φρονημα του σαρκος θάνατος και εχθρα εις θεον this carnal-mindedness is death and enmity against God: this is that state, in which whosoever abides cannot please God.

Bp. Taylor. On Repentance, c. 5. s. 3. At the same time I think, I deliberate, I propose, I command; in inferior faculties, I walk, I see, I hear, I digest, I sanguify, I carnify.-Hale. Origin, of Mankind, p. 31.

This oilie substance doth increase and augment within the olive, until the rising of the star Arcturus, to wit sixteen dayes before the calends of October; after which time, their stones and carnous matter about them doe rather

thrive.-Holland. Plinie, b. xv. c. 3.

Yea, and otherwise it is good for the old maine bough to feed still and thrive in pulpe and carnositie, if we purpose that it should remaine and carry a length with it. Id. Ib b. xvii. c. 23. I would the consciences of men were such, as oyl and butter might supple them. But I see they are for the most part overgrown with so hard a carnosity, as it requireth strong and potent corrosives to make an entrance into them.

Spelman. English Works. An Epilogue, p. 18.

About an age ago it was the fashion in England, for every one that would be thought religious, to throw as much sanctity as possible into his face, and in particular to abstain from all appearances of mirth and pleasantry, which were looked upon as the marks of a carnal mind. Spectator, No. 494.

If Godly, why do they wallow and steep in all the carnalities of the world, under pretence of Christian liberty? South, vol. i. Ser. 10. Lastly, that the apostle doth very fitly take the law either in one sense or in the other, either spiritually or carnally, according to the differing sentiments of those to whom he wrote the epistles.-Nelson. Life of Bp. Bull.

Gaspar Bartholine hath observed that where the gullet perforates the midriff, the carneous fibers of that muscular part are inflected and arcuate, as it were a sphincter, embracing and closing it fast.-Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii.

The muscle whereby he [the hedge-hog] is enabled to draw himself thus together, and gather up his whole body like a ball, the Parisian academists describe to be a distinct carnose muscle, extended from the ossa innominata, to the ear and nose, running along the back bone, without being fastened thereto.-Id. Ib. pt. ii.

Such birds as have crooked beaks and talons are all carnivorous; and so of quadrupeds, κapxapodovтa, carnivora omnia. All that have serrate teeth are carnivorous. Id. Ib. pt. i.

Our nobility was wont to applaud the Italians, as the best examples of elegancy: may we not with good pretences to sobriety, reduce our carnivorous tables to their patterns of salads. Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 376. Letter from J. Beale.

But the practice of these [the dog and cat] is nothing, to what the animals of the forest endure. As these mostly live upon accidental carnage, so they are often known to remain without food for several weeks together.

Goldsmith. Animated Nature, pt. ii. c. 6. But if in this inconsiderable part of the globe, such a carnage [2,000,000] has been made in two or three short reigns, and that this great carnage, great as it is, makes but a minute part of what the histories of that people inform us they suffered; what shall we judge of countries more extended, and which have waged wars far more considerable? Burke. Vindication of Natural Society. Lat. Caro, carnis, flesh;

After the same manner are the several varieties of colours to be expressed; namely, by their resemblance to other things commonly known. So flesh-like is carnation. Wilkins. Real Character, pt. iii. c. 7. Court, gentle Zephyr, court and fan, Her gentle breast's carnationed wan. Lovelace. Lucasta at the Bath. The brave carnation, then, with sweet and sovereign power,

(So of his colour call'd, although a July flower,)
With th' other of his kind, the speckled and the pale.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 15.
She here me first perceiv'd, and here a morn

They had their Baccanalia; we had our wakes, answering to them they their Saturnalia, and we our Carnivals, and Shrove-Tuesdays, liberty of servants.

Hobbes. Of the Kingdom of Darkness, c. 45. The carnival of Venice is every where talked of. The great diversion of the place at that time, as well as on all other high occasions is masking. These disguises give occasion to abundance of love adventures; and I question not but the secret history of a carnival would make a collection of very diverting novels.-Addison. On Įtaly. Venice.