FUND, v. The Lat. Funda, a sling, a FUND, n. net, was also applied to a bag FUND-HOLDER. or purse, formed like a net, (a reticule,) fortasse quia nummos iis infunderent effunderentque, or from its likeness to a sling. Cotgrave says, the tax or aide which in the year 1412 should have been imposed on every arpent (acre) was called fond de terre. Fond, he says, is also, a merchant's stock, whether it be money or money's worth. (See REFUND.) It is now applied to

Any stock; and to fund, to place or invest money in the (public) stocks.

The parliament went on slowly in fixing the fund for the supplies they had voted.-Burnet. Own Time, an. 1698.

It has been said, that our funding system has contributed to preserve the effects of our revolution, to preserve the interests, and keep up the spirit of the country, to enable us to thwart the ambitious views of the house of Bourbon.

Fox. Speech on the Assessed Tax Bill, Dec. 14. 1797.

On the 31st of December, 1697, the publick debts of Great Britain funded and unfunded amounted to £21,515,742. 13s. 84d.-Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. v. c. 3.

In 1697, by the 8th of William III. c. 20, the deficiencies of several taxes were charged upon what was then called the first general mortgage or fund, consisting of a prolongation to the first of August 1706, of several different taxes which would have expired within a shorter term, and of which the produce was accumulated into one general fund. Id. Ib.

In Great Britain, from the time that we had first recourse to the ruinous expedient of perpetual funding, the reduction of the publick debt, in time of peace, has never borne any proportion to its accumulation in the time of war.-Id. Ib.

Would you tax the land proprietor by a direct impost? No, it is not attempted. Would you tax the property of the fand-holder? No, no minister has yet been either blind or abandoned enough to attempt it.

FUNDAMENT.
FUNDAMENTAL, N.

Fox. Speech on the Assessed Tax Bill, Dec. 14, 1797.
Fr. Fundamentel; Sp.
Fundamental; It. Fonda-

FUNDAMENTAL, adj. (mentale; Lat. Fundamentalis, from fundamentum, from fundare, to lay deeply. See FOUNDATION. The bottom, ground, or basis, i. e. that upon which any thing may stand or rest, be set, raised or established, from which any thing may rise or spring.

He is lyk to a man that bildeth an hous, that diggide depe and sette the foundement on a stoon.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 6.

And yet, God wot, uneth the fundament

Parfourmed is, ne of our pavement
Nis not a tile within our wones:

By God we owen fourty pound for stones.

It [is] thus manifest that the power of kings and maferr'd and committed to them in trust from the people to the gistrates is nothing else, but what is only derivative, transcommon good of them all, in whom the power yet remains fundamentally, and cannot be taken from them, without a violation of their natural birthright. Milton. The Tenure of Kings & Magistrates.

The law of nature is the only law of laws truly and properly to all mankind fundamental, the beginning and the end of all government; to which no parlament or people that will thoroughly reform, but may and must have re

course.-Milton. Free Commonwealth.

VOL. I.

The angry beast did straight resent The wrong done to his fundament.—Hudibras, pt. i. c. 2. Fundamental is a metaphor taken from the foundation of a building, upon which the fabrick is erected, and without which it cannot stand. So that fundamental principles are such as are presupposed to the duties of religion (one or

more) and such, as are absolutely necessary to the doing of

them.-Glanvill, Ess. 5.

Lord Verulam, at the beginning of the last century, expressed his judgment of the great importance of distinguishing rightly between points fundamental and points of further perfection; so he worded the distinction, though I think not accurately.-Waterland. Works, vol. viii. p. 87.

And this examinant further saith, that the fundamentals in this examinant's last examination mentioned to be prepared by Mr. Wade, Col. Romzey and this examinant, were only rough drawn up by the said Mr. Wade's own hand.

State Trials, an. 1683. Introd. to the Rye-House Plot.

But I am able to prove, from the doctrine of Calvin and the principles of Buchanan, that they set the people above the magistrate; which, if I mistake not, is your own fundamental, and which carries your loyalty no farther than your liking-Dryden. Epistle to the Whigs.

When we apply the epithet fundamental either to religion in general or to Christianity in particular, we are supposed to mean something essential to religion or Christianity; so necessary to its being, or at least to its well-being, that it could not subsist, or not maintain itself tolerably without it. Waterland. Works, vol. viii. p. 88.

This notion shows the extreme folly and absurdity of all those who (fundamentally erring from the truth and nature of things,) found their religion here, and their expectation of happiness hereafter, in any thing else (what soever it be) distinct from virtue, and righteousness, and charity, and true holiness.-Clarke, vol. i. Ser. 32.

He did not reflect that a fundamental truth (which he will not venture to dispute any more than the believer) stands very much in the way of his conclusion; namely, that God, in the moral government of the world, never does that in an extraordinary way, which can be equally well effected in an ordinary.

Warburton. The Divine Legation, b. iv. s. 6. One, bred up in the arts of Egyptian legislation, could never, on his own head, have thought of reducing an unruly

people to government on maxims of religion and policy fundamentally opposite to all the principles of Egyptian

wisdom.-Id. On Several Occasional Reflections.

Written by our old writers, Funeralls. Fr. Funérailles; Lat. Funus. Either from funis, a torch; because funerals were performed by torch light; or more procædes, slaughter, because properly it is of a man slain, (Vossius.) It is applied to

The performance of the rite or ceremony of burial or sepulture of the dead; the burial, sepulture or interment.

FUNERAL, n.
FUNERAL, adj.
FUNERALLY.

FUNE'REAL.
FUNEBRIAL.
FUNE'ST.

Id. Odyssey, b. iv. Near the end of two years, at the anniversary of his mother's funeral, who had died but a few years before, having lived long mad, he [Charles V.] took a conceit that he would see an obit made for himself, and would have his own funeral-rites performed, to which he came himself, with the rest of the monks, and pray'd most devoutly for the rest of his own soul, which set all the company on weeping. Burnet. Hist. of the Reformation, an. 1556.

Its [asbestos] principal use, according to Pliny, was for the making of shrouds for royal funerals, to wrap up the corps so as the ashes might be preserved distinct from that of the wood whereof the funeral-pile was composed. Cambridge. The Scribleriad, b. iv.

We are not to imagine, however, as it is commonly believed, that these violences were owing to the general indignation of the citizens against the murderers of Cæsar, excited either by the spectacle of his body, or the eloquence of Antony, who made the funeral oration.

Middleton. Life of Cicero, vol. iii. s. 9. Sighs from a breaking heart my voice confound, With trembling steps to join yon weeping train, I haste, where gleams the funeral glare around, And mix'd with shrieks of woe the knells of death resound. Beattie. The Minstrel, b. ii.

Fr. Funge; Lat. Fungus, from fundere,

FUNGE.

FU'NGUS.

FUNGO'SITY. FU'NGOUS. spreading widely.

dius,) effundens se, et latè crescens; pouring itself forth, and Funge is applied by Burton

toOne who has no more brains than a toadstool has substance; an empty-headed fellow.

When as indeed, in all wise men's judgments, quibus cor sapit, they are mad, empty vessels, funges.

Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 113.

Touching those excressences in manner of mushromes, which be named fungi, they are by nature more dull and slow.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxii. c. 23.

We may be sure of raine, in case we see a fungous substance or soot gathered about lamps and candle snuffs. Id. Ib. b. xviii. c. 35. Thou, late exulting in thy golden hair, As bright as Phoebus, or as Cynthia fair, Now view'st, alas! thy forehead smooth and plain As the round fungus daughter of the rain.

Fawkes. From Petronius. Eggs cast into the matrix of the earth, or certain little pustulæ, or fungosities on its surface.

Biblioth. Bibl. (Ox. 1720.) i. 292.

The chief sign of life she [the Church of England] now gives is the exsuding from her sickly trunk a number of deformed funguses; which call themselves of her, because they stick upon her surface, and suck out the little remains of her sap and spirit.-Warburton. Introduction to Julian.

This said, they both a furlong's mountenance Retir'd their steeds, to ronne in even race:

But Braggadochio with his bloody launce Once having turn'd, no more return'd his face,

But lefte his love to losse, and fled himselfe a pace. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 8.

Hee affirmeth that Saturn gave warning to Sisuthrus of this deluge, and willed him to prepare a great vessel or ship, wherein to put conuenient food and to saue himselfe and his kindred and acquaintance, which he builded of length five furlongs, of breadth two.-Purchas. Pilgrimage, b. i. c. 8.

Pliny and Herodotus say, the narrowest part of the channel [Hellespont] is about seven stadia, or furlongs. Fawkes. Hero & Leander, Note. FURLOUGH. Dut. Ver-lof, leave or permission to go forth, out, or away. Leave of absence.

Captain Irwin, whom I believe you know, son to the old General, goes by the next packet-boat to Holland, he has got a furloe from his father for a year, during which time he intends to see as much as he can abroad.

Chesterfield. Miscellaneous Works, vol. iv. Let. 42. FURMENTY. See FRUMENTY, and the first quotation from Pliny there, and the second below. When maltemen make vs drink no firmentie. Gascoigne. The Steele Glass.

And ye shall eate neither bread, nor parched corn, nor furmenty of newe corne: vntill the selfe same daye that ye haue broughte an offringe vnto your God.

Bible, 1551. Leuiticus, c. 23. And to speake generally of all graine, there are two prineipall kinds thereof, to wit, first fourment, containing under it wheat and barley, and such like: secondly, pulse, comprising beanes, pease, chiches, &c.

Holland. Plinie, b. xviii. c. 7. Some there bee who take of spring-corne, millet, panicke, entils, cich pease, and the graine whereof fourmentie is made.-Id. Ib.

He'll find you out a food

That needs no teeth, nor stomach; a strange furmity. Beaum. & Fletch. Bonduca, Act i. sc. 2.

I can't endure to have a perfumed sir
Stand cringing in the hams, licking his lips
Like a spaniel over a furmenty-pot, and yet
Has not the boldness to come on, or offer
What they know we expect.

Massinger. The Bondman, Act i. sc. 3. FURNACE, v. Fr. Fournaise; It. Fornace; FURNACE, n. Sp. Hornaza; Lat. Fornax, rom the ancient formus, calidus; Gr. Oepμ-os, rom depew, to heat, to burn.

That which heateth; usually applied to an aclosed fire, burning on that account with greater

orce.

To which image bothe young and old Commanded he to loute, and have in drede, Or in a fourneis, ful of flames rede,

He should be brent, that wolde not obeye.

Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,169.❘ And the Lord said vnto Moses and Aaron take youre ande full of ashes oute of the fornace & let Moses sprynkel vp into the ayre in the sight of Pharao, and it shal turne duste in all the lande of Egypte.-Bible,1551. Exodus, c.9.

When all men had with full satietie

Of meates and drinkes their appetites suffiz'd,
To deedes of armes and proof of chivalrie
They gan themselues addresse, rull rich aguiz'd,
As each one had his furnitures deviz'd.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 3. Hereupon he [Romulus] commanded to proclame these games over the country adjoining; and with as great preparation and furniture, as in those daies either their skill or abilitie might afford, they celebrate the same, and all to make the show more goodly and worthie of great expectation.-Holland. Livivs, p. 8.

Not content with the simplicity and plainness of the Gospel, which could possibly furnish no materials for strife and contention, vain men soon began to mix their own uncertain opinions with the doctrines of Christ.-South, vol. iii. Ser.14.

And some gave out the Dutchess of Lauderdale as a re

setter of Argyle since his forfeiture, and a furnisher of him

with money.-State Trials, an. 1677. J. Mitchel.

It [the Gospel] does not dwell in the mind like furniture, only for ornament, but for use, and the great concernments of life.-South, vol. vii. Ser. 5.

Soon after, viz. Feb. 12, the King sealed his [Wolsey's] pardon, and three days after restored him to his bishoprick of York, and sent him money, plate, and furniture for his house and chapel.-Strype. Memorials. Hen. VIII. an. 1580.

The palaces erected in the reign of Elizabeth by the memorable Countess of Shrewsbury, Elizabeth of Hardwicke, are exactly in this style. The apartments are lofty and enormous, and they knew not how to furnish them.

Walpole. Anecdotes of Painting, vol. ii. c. 1. The Protector was magnificent, and had he lived to complete Somerset-house, would probably have called in the assistance of those artists, whose works are the noblest furniture.-Id. Ib. vol. i. c. 6.

FURROW, v. Į Dut. Voren; Ger. Furchen; FU'RROW, n. A. S. Fyr-ian, proscindere, sulcare, to cleave or cut asunder. To cut or cleave asunder; to cut or mark out in hollowed lines; to hollow out, to indent lineally.

A long exile thou art assigned to bere;
Long to furrow large space of stormy seas.
Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. ii.
O that the raging surges great that lecher's bane had
wrought

When first with ship he forowed seas, and Lacedemon sought. Vncertaine Auctors. Penelope to Ulisses. therewith, and furrowe her face? How can she weepe for her sinne, that must bare her skin

Vives. The Instruction of a Christian Woman, b. i. c.9. She learn'd the churlish ax and twybill to prepare, To steel the coulter's edge, and sharp the furrowing share. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 18.

Though his attire were miserably base,
And time had worn deep furrows in his face,
Yet, though cold age had frosted his fair haires,
It rather seem'd with sorrow than with years.

Drayton. Legend of Robert Duke of Normandy.

When they have traced out all the said place where the walls should stand, they measure out as much ground as will serve for the gates, but take out the plough-share, and so pass over that space with the bare plough, as if they meant thereby, that all the furrow which they cast up and eared should be sacred and inviolable.-Holland. Plutarch, p.703.

[I] expose no ships

To threatnings of the furrow-faced sea.

B. Jonson. The Fox, Act i. sc. 1.

Ray. See my Philippi, her rich colours fled, and like that soule

The furrow-fronted Fates have made an anvill
To forge diseases on; she's lost herself
With her fled beauty.-Rawlins. Rebellion, Act ii. sc. 1.

Why he was met euen now As mad as the vext sea, singing alowd, Crown'd with ranke fenitar and furrow-weeds. Shakespeare. Lear, Act iv. sc. 4.

His lamp, his bow and quiver, laid aside,
A rustic wallet o'er his shoulders ty'd,
Sly Cupid, always on new mischief bent,
To the rich field and furrow'd tillage went.
Prior. Cupid turned Ploughman.
Joyous the impatient husbandman perceives
Relenting Nature, and his lusty steers
Drives from their stalls to where the well-us'd plough
Lies in the furrow, loosen'd from the frost.
Thomson. Seasons. Spring.

That brow in furrow'd lines had fix'd at last,
And spake of passions, but of passions past.
Byron. Lara, c. 1.

And fame reports,
While he broke up new ground, and tir'd his plough
In grassy furrowes, the torn earth disclos'd
Helmets and swords, (bright furniture of war
Sleeping in rust) and heaps of mighty bones.

FURTHER, v.
FURTHER, adj.
FURTHER, ad.
FURTHERANCE.
FURTHERER.
FURTHERING, N.
FURTHERMORE. Further, or forther, (im-
FURTHEROVER. properly written farther,) is
FURTHEST.
the regular comparative of
Forth; and the English verb is formed upon this
comparative.

Watts. Victory of the Poles. A. S. Forth-ian, ge-forthian, promovere, juvare, to promote, further, advance, assist or help. Dut. Voorderen; Ger. Befuerdern; from Forth, (qv.) See also FAR.

To move or cause to move forth, on the way, away, to a greater distance; to remove; to promote, to prefer, to advance, and thus, to aid, assist or help.

And thei camen nygh the castel whidir thei wenten: and he made countenaunce that he wolde go ferther.

Wiclef. Luk, c. 24. But ferther thei schulen not profite, for the unwisdom of hem schal be knowen to alle men as hern was.

Id. 2 Tymothy, c. 3.

But natheles it is my will (qd. she)
To forthren you, so that ye shal nat die
But turnen sound home to your Thessalie.

Chaucer. Legend of Hypsiphile & Medea. For wel we knowen that youre liberal grace and mercie stretcheth hem forther into goodnesse, than don our out ragious giltes and trespasses into wickednesse.

Id. The Tale of Melibeus.

In thy study so thou writest
And euermore of loue enditest
In honour of hem and praisings

And in his folkes furtherings.-Id. House of Fame, b. ii.

And furthermore wot I, Ther speketh many a man of mariage, That wot no more of it than wot my page, For which causes a man should take a wif.

Id. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9316.

And furtherover, ther as the lawe sayth, that temporall goddes of bondfolk ben the goddes of hir lord.

Id. The Persones Tale.

Receiue and take a new feith,
Whiche shall be forthrynge of thy life,
And eke so worshipfull a wife,
The daughter of an emperour

To wedde, it shall be great honour.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii.

Next vnto this planete of loue

The bright sonne stont aboue
Which is the hinderer of the night,

And fortherer of the daies light.-Id. Ib. b. vii.

Whom when I saw assembled in such wise, So desperatly the battail to desire: Then furthermore thus sayd I vnto them. Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. ii. They ran vp and downe the citie, went about to wrest open the gates of the temples: the night furthered their credulousnes, and in the dark euery man more readie to affirme. Greneway. Tacitus. Annales, p. 60. Theoc. You gripe it too hard, sir. Malef. Indeed I do, but have no further end in it But love and tenderness, such as I may challenge, And you must grant.

Massinger. The Unnatural Combat, Act ii. sc. 3.

Therefore God, to the intent of further healing man's deprav'd mind, to this power of the magistrate, which contents itself with the restraint of evil doing in the external man, added that which we call censure to purge it, and remove it clean out of the inmost soul.

Milton. The Reason of Church Government, b. ii. c. 3.

I still to prompt his power with me to act
Into those secrets got so deep a sight,
That nothing lastly to his furtherance lack'd.

Drayton. The Legend of Thomas Cromwell.
Be resolute, thy foot
Is guided by a power, that, though unseene,
Is still a furtherer of good attempts

Rawlins. The Rebellion, Act iv. sc. 1. And furthermore, the leaves, body, and boughs, of this tree, by so much exceed other plants as the greatest men of power and worldly ability surpass the meanest.

Sir Walter Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 4. s. 3. They are her furthest reaching instrument,

Yet they no beams unto their objects send; But all the rays are from their objects sent, And in the eyes with pointed angles end.

Davies. The Immortality of the Soul, s. 14. Nature gave him a child, what men in vain Oft strive, by art though further'd, to obtain. Dryden. The Death of Lord Hastings. As the last year appeared abroad a declaration of the mass, so about this time, still for the further humiliation of that Popish service, came forth an examination of the mass made by Dr. William Turner, a physician about this time living in the Duke of Somerset's family, afterwards Dean of Wells, a witty as well as learned man.

Strype. Memorials. Edward VI. an. 1548. He further said. he did not say, "The King had shed the blood of the saints at Charing Cross this time twelve month." State Trials. John James, an. 1661.

Our Saviour in these words suggests to us, that it is more difficult for a rich man than for a poor man to get to heaven; and by consequence that his riches are no furtherance, but rather an hindrance, in his way thither.

Bp. Beveridge, vol. ii. Ser. 137. The first [end] was to represent his lordship's acceptance of that employ as an argument that he had undergone a political regeneration, and that he was not only satisfied with his Majesty's measures, but ready to further them to the utmost in his power.-Chesterfield. Memoirs, by Maty.

In the short account that is given of the other Apostles in the former part of the history, and within the short period which that account comprises, we find, first, two of them seized, imprisoned, brought before the Sanhedrim, and threatened with further punishment. Paley. Evidences, vol. i. c. 5. FURTIVE. Fr. Furtif; It. and Sp. Furtivo; Lat. Furtivus, from Fur, a thief. Obtained by theft, stolen.

Or do they (as your schemes, I think, have shown)
Dart furtive beams and glory not their own,
All servants to that source of light, the Sun.
Prior. Solomon, b. i.

FURY, v. Fr. Furie; It. and Sp. Furia; FU'RY, n. from the Lat. Furor; for which FU'RIOUS. Vossius proposes four different FU'RIOUSLY. etymologies. It is probably FU'RIOUSNESS. from the Gr. Pepeσ0a, ferri, FU'RIAL. impetu quodam ferri et abripi, FU'ROR. whence (as Vossius remarks) Geopopot, qui numine afflantur, quales dicuntur furere. Fury is applied to—

A violent act, energy or exertion of malevolent feeling, of anger, of rage, of madness, of raving passion, of fervid enthusiasm; also, to persons.

Of swiche matere made he mony layes, Songes, complaintes, roundels, virelayes: How that he dorste not his sorwe telle, But languisheth, as doth a furie in helle.

What is the cause, if it be for to tell,
That ye ben in this furial peine of hell?

Id. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,762.
All faith and loue, I promitted to thee,
Was in thy selfe fekeel and furious,
O false Creseide, and true knight Troilus.
Id. The Complaint of Creseide.
For that if they were irritated, he doubted much some
great inundation by their furor over all Italy and Christen-
dom.-Sir T. Wyatt. To the King, 9th March, 1540.

For two thousande whom the fury of the slaughter had left on lyue, were afterwardes hanged vpon crosses, along the sea coast.-Brende. Quintus Curtius, b. iv. fol. 63. When with such words she gan my hart remoue : What helps to yeld vnto such furious rage, Swete spouse, quod she, without wil of the Gods Thus chaunced not. Surrey. Virgile. Encis, b. ii. So staies the streame, when furiouslie it flouth, And filles the dikes where it had wont to swimme, Vntill by force it breakes aboue the brimme.

Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe. But malicious enuie gotte the vpper hand of this their decree or counsayle, and furiousnesse in them, shooke of all feare.-Udal. Actes, c. 5.

FURZE, n. A. S. Fyrs, genista spinosa, FU'RZEN. ruscus, furz, gorse, whinne, furFURZY. zen bushes, thorne broom, butchers' broom, (Somner.) Perhaps (says Skinner) from fire, because this plant, from a dryness pecu

Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 11,262. liar to itself, is especially fitted for fires. It is

perhaps from the A. S. v. Yrs-ian.

See GORSE

and F.

Thou shalt stretche forth thyne hande vpo the furyousnes of mine enemyes, and thy right hande shall saue me. Bible, 1551. Psalm 138. As I would not neglect a sodain good opportunity; so I would not fury myself in the search.-Feltham, pt. i. Res. 10. O! fly from wrath; fly, O my liefest lord! Sad be the sights, and bitter fruits of warre, And thousand furies wait on wrathful sword. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 2. Aris. Plato, what dost thou think of Diogenes? Pla. To be Socrates, furious.

Lely. Alexander & Campaspe, Act i. sc. 3. I do not find yet that aught for the furious incitements which have been us'd, hath issu'd by your appointment, that might give the least interruption, or disrepute, either to the author, or to the book.-Milton. Tetrachordon.

With that so furiously at him he flew,

As if he would haue ouerrun him streight; And with his huge great yron axe gan hew So hideously uppon his armour bright, As he to pieces would haue chopt it quight. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 11. I'll rend the miscreant into a thousand pieces, And gnash his trembling members 'twixt my teeth; Drinking his live-warm blood to satisfy The boiling thirst of pain and furiousness That thus exasperates great Polypheme.

Brewer. Lingua, Act v. sc. 6.

Forthwith began these fury-moving sounds,"

The notes of wrath, the music brought from hell; The rattling drums (which trumpet's voice confounds) The cries, th' encouragements, the shouting shrill, That all about the beaten air rebounds.

Daniel. Civil War, b. iv. Oppos'd in arms not long they idly stood, But thrice they clos'd, and thrice the charge renew'd, A furious pass the spear of Ajax made, Through the broad shield, but at the corselet stay'd. Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xxiii. v. 965. grees, and then the people to be better instructed; but to The clergy must be brought out of their ignorance by dedrive furiously, and do all at once, might have spoil'd the whole design, and totally alienated those who were to be drawn by degrees.-Burnet. Hist. of Reformation, an. 1536. Come, gentle God of soft desire,

Come, and possess my happy breast; Not, fury-like, in flames and fire,

In rapture, rage, and nonsense, drest.-Thomson. Song. When Alexander had in his fury inhumanly butchered one of his best friends and bravest captains; on the return of reason he began to conceive an horrour suitable to the guilt of such a murder.

Burke. A Vindication of National Society. You have, indeed, winged ministers of vengeance, who carry your bolts in their pounces to the remotest verge of the sea. But there a power steps in that limits the arrogance of raging passions and furious elements, and says, So far shalt thou go, and no farther."

Id. On Conciliation with America.

That is, Julian never attempted to rebuild the Temple; an inference so furiously sceptical, as would overturn the whole body of civil history. Warburton. Julian's Attempt to Rebuild the Temp. b. i. c. 5. Pour out on every side the furiousness of thy wrath. Lowth. Lectures by Gregory. From Job, c.40.

Gonz. Now would I give a thousand furlongs of sea, for an acre of barren ground, long heath, browne Arrs, any thing. Shakespeare. Tempest, Act i. sc. 1.

For we must not alwaies choose that which is easie to be had and willing to be gotten; for we put by gorse and furzen bushes: we tread underfoot briers, and brambles, though they catch hold of us.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 186.

No furzy tuft, thicke wood, nor breake of thornes
Shall harbour wolfe, nor in this isle shall breed,
Nor live one of that kind: if what's decreed
You keepe inviolate.

Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. ii. s. J. Then to the copse, Thick with entangling grass, or prickly furze, With silence lead thy many-colour'd hounds, In all their beauty's pride.-Somerville. The Chase. Wide through the furzy field their route they take, Their bleeding bosoms force the thorny brake. Gay. Rural Sports, c. 1. These thorny, furzy hills should ne'er be trod With legs unguarded, and by feet unshod. Fawkes. Theocritus, Idyl. 4. Wild round them stubborn thorns and furze increase, And creeping briars. Dyer. The Fleece, b. v.

From which [liquid ore] he form'd, First, his own tools, then, what might else be wrought Fusil or grav'n in metal.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi.

Common fusion, in metals, is also made by a violent heat, acting upon the volatile and fixed, the drie and humid parts of those bodies.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 1.

The consistent phosphorus is fusible enough.
Boyle. Works, vol. iv. p. 475.

By Pallas taught, he frames the wondrous mould,
And o'er the silver pours the fusile gold.

Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. vi.
The chemists define salt, from some of its properties, to
be a body fusible in the fire, congealable again by cold into
brittle globes, or crystals.-Arbuthnot. Of Aliments, p. 25.
The ground he builds upon is not his own;
I know the quarry whence he had the stone:
The forest, too, where all the timber grow'd,
The forge wherein his fused metals flow'd.

Byrom. Verses intended to have been Spoken. Philosophers have taught, that the planets were originally masses of matter struck off in a state of fusion from the body of the sun, by the percussion of a comet, or by a shock from some other cause with which we are not acquainted. Paley. Natural Theology, c. 22. From the Lat. Fusus, a spindle, that around which any thing is spun, winded, or wound.

FU/SEE.}

Fusil, in Heraldry, Fr. Fuseau, a charge either resembling a spindle, or somewhat longer than a lozenge.

For instance, it is indeed a very great evidence of an artist that can make a wheel of a watch, or the spring, or the ballance; but the destination of the spring to the string, and the string to the fusee, &c. is so great an evidence of an intellectual being, that works by intention, by election, by design, and appropriation, that nothing can be opposed against it.-Hale. Origin. of Mankind, p. 326.

Thinking men considered how it [a clock] might be made portable, by some means answerable to a weight; and so instead of that, put the spring and fuse-wheel, which make a watch.-Grew. Cosmologia Sacra, b. ii. c. 6. s. 86.

Heralds have not omitted this order or imitation thereof, whiles they symbollically adorn their scuchions with mascles, furils and saltyrs, and while they disposed the figures of ermins, and varied coats in this quincuncial method. Brown. Cyrus' Garden, c. 2.

Thus referring the spring to the wheels, he [an observer] sees in it that which originates and upholds their motion; in the chain, that which transmits the motion to the fusee; in the fusee, that which communicates it to the wheels; in the conical figure of the fusee, if he refer back again to the spring, he sees that which corrects the inequality of its farce.-Paley. Natural Theology, c. 15.

Tuc. Hang him, fustie Satire, he smells all goat. B. Jonson. Poetaster, Act iii. sc. 4. Page. Away you scullion, you rampallian, you fustillerian. Shakespeare. 2 Part Henry IV. Act ii. sc. 1. You may daily see such fustilugs walking in the streets, like so many tuns, each moving upon two pottle pots. Junius. Sin Stigmatized, (1639.) p. 39. For if I stay till I grow grey, They'll call me old maid, and fusty old jade; So I'll no longer tarry.

Vanbrugh. Provoked Husband, Act iv. Song.

FU'STIAN, n. Fr. Fustaine; It. Fustagno; FU'STIAN, adj Sp. Fustan; Low Lat. FustaFU'STIANIST. num; which, Bochart thinks, is so called from Fustat, a city of Egypt, whence the cloth, called fustian, was first introduced into Europe. Applied met. to

A style of speaking or writing affectedly fine, or inflated; mere stuff, bombast.

Of fustian he wered a gipon,
Alle besmotred with his habergeon.

Chaucer. Prologue, v. 75. Harde to make ought of that is naked nought This fustian maistres and this giggishe gase. Skelton. The Crowne of Laurell.

This was it which had dampt the glory of Italian wits; that nothing had been there written now these many years but flattery and fustian.-Milton. Unlicensed Printing.

He does not mean
To rub your galls with a satiric scene;

Nor toil your brains, to find the fustian sence
Of those poor lines that cannot recompense
The pains of study.
May. The Heir, Prol.

Pye. Puh! any fustian invocations, captain, will serve as well as the best, so you rant them out well. Anonymous. The Puritan, Act iii. sc. 4.

In their choice preferring the gay rankness of Apuleius, Arnobius, or any modern fustianist, before the native Latinisms of Cicero.-Milton. An Apology for Smectymnuus.

A warrant was sent to Humphrey Orme, keeper of the standing wardrobe of the Tower of London, to deliver to Thomas Chappel, the king's bed-maker, one bed and a bolking's travelling bed.-Strype. Mem. Edw. VI. an. 1552. ster of fustian, filled with down; which, I suppose, was the

Let fustian poets, with their stuff be gone,
And suck the mists that hang o'er Helicon;
When Progne or Thyestes' feast they write;
And for the mouthing actors verse indite.
Dryden. Persius, Sat. 5.

Let dull, unfeeling pedants talk by rote
Of Cato's soul which could itself subdue;
Or idle scraps of Stoic fustian quote,
And bravely bear the pangs they never knew.
Whitehead. On the Death of a Relation.
But if she frown, why farewell she
With all her medley trumpery,
With all her fustian, forced conceit,
And limping rhimes, and would-be wit.

Verses to Cambridge, by Henry Berkley.

FUSTIGATE, v. Fr. Fustiquer, to cudgel, FUSTIGATION. from Lat. Fustis, a cudgel

or stick.

That is to say, six fustigations or displings about the parish church of Aldborough aforesaid, before a solemne procession, sixe seueral Sundaies, &c.-Fox. Martyrs, p. 609.

Falling out with his steward Rivaldus de Modena an Italian, and fustigating him for his faults, the angry Italian poysoned him. [Cardinal Bambridge.]

Fuller. Worthies. Westmerland.

Fr. Futilité; It. Futilità; Sp. Futilidad; Lat. Futilis, that can or may pour forth, from obsolete futere, to pour forth; and thus, to pour forth nonsense, to talk overmuch, to blab, talk sillily.

FUTILE.
FUTILITY.
FU'TILOUS.

}

Silly, trifling, nonsensical; talking overmuch, loquacious; empty, inane.

As for talkers and futile persons, they are commonly vain and credulous withal.

Bacon. Ess. Of Simulation & Dissimulation.

The parable (Prov. xxix.) (it seems) especially corrects, not the futility of vaine persons, which easily utter, as well what may be spoken, as what should be secreted: not the bold roveing language of such as without all discretion and judgment flie upon all men and matters; not garrulity, whereby they fill others even to a surfeit: but another vice, more close and retired; namely the government of speech, of all adventures the least prudent and politique.

Id. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. viii. c. 2.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii.

But if we shall suffer the trifling doubts and jealousies of future sects to overcloud the fair beginnings of purposed reformation, let us rather fear that another proverb of the same wise man be not upbraided to us, that the way of the wicked is as darkness, they stumble at they know not what. Id. The Reason of Church Government, b. i. c. 7. It more imports me Than all the actions that I have foregone, Or futurely can cope.

Beaum. & Fletch. Two Noble Kinsmen, Act i. sc. 1. Had we been at first establisht in an impossibility of lapsing into evill; then many choise vertues, excellent branches of the divine life had never been exercis'd, or indeed have been at all. Such are patience, faith, and hope; the objects of which are, evill, futurity, and uncertainty. Glanvill. Pre-existence of Souls, c. 8. Oh, blindness to the future! kindly given That each may fill the circle mark'd by heaven. Pope. Essay on Mun