Obrázky na stránke
PDF
ePub
[ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

She faints, she falls, and, scarce recovering strength,
Thus, with a faultering tongue she speaks at length:
Are you alive, O goddess-born! she said,
Or if a ghost, then where is Hector's shade.
Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, b. iii.

Vain wretched creature, how art thou misled To think thy wit these god-like notions bred! These truths are not the product of thy mind, But dropt from heaven, and of a nobler kind.

Canst thou by reason more of godhead know, A subscriber may justly say, If my subscription is to go Than Plutarch, Seneca, or Cicero. Id. Religio Laici. in charity, I myself have many objects as deserving, and more connected with me than any God-son of Mr. Cowper. Anecdotes of Bp. Watson, vol. ii. p. 270. GO'DWIT. Skinner,-from God, i. e. good, and wihta, an animal; q. d. avis bona, sapore grata. Serenius,-from the Isl. God, good, and veide, præda venatione capta; vel, si mavis, vist, victus.

Id. Ib.

About this time one John Huntingdon, a zealous priest and poet, compiled a poem, entitled, the genealogy of heretics mentioning only the names of such godly men as had been no friends to the pope; and no other heretics were once touched at as if there were no heretics but such as opposed the pope.-Strype. Mem. Hen. VIII. an. 1540.

[blocks in formation]

For Eneas was actually wounded, in the twelfth of the Eneis, though he had the same God-smith to forge his arms as had Achilles.-Dryden. Dedication to the Eneis. Happy the man, who sees a God employ'd In all the good and ill that checker life! Resolving all events with their effects And manifold results, into the will And arbitration wise of the Supreme.-Cowper. Task, b. ii. Thy form benign, oh Goddess, wear, Thy milder influence impart, Thy philosophic train be there

To soften, not to wound my heart. Gray. Hymn to Adversity. Here then lies the difficulty: These sects removed all passions from the Godhead, especially anger: and, on that account, rejected a future state of rewards and punishments; while yet they believed a Providence, which was administered by the exercise of those very passions.

Warburton. Divine Legation, b iii. s. 4. They now are deem'd the faithful, and are prais'd Who, constant only in rejecting thee, Deny thy Godhead with a martyr's zeal, And quit their office for their errour's sake. Cowper. Task, b. vi.

It was easy to foresee what would follow from this vigilant and able divine, when his lordship's [Bolingbroke] godless volumes should come forth; and the dread of it seems to have kept them back for the remainder of his life. Hurd. Life of Warburton.

Here the mind,
Lull'd by the sacred silence of the place.
Dreams with enchanted rapture of the groves
Of Academus, and the solemn walks
As erst frequented by the God-like band

Of Grecian sages.-Cooper. Power of Harmony, b. ii.
Each God of eminent degree
To some vast beam compar'd might be;
Each Godling was a peg, or rather
A cramp, to keep the beams together.
Churchill. The Ghost, b. ii.
He finds the puny mansion fallen to earth,
Its Godlings mouldering on th' abandon'd hearth:
And starts, where small white bones are spread around,
Or little footsteps lightly print the ground.

Beattie. Battle of the Pygmies and Cranes.
While Bigotry, with well dissembled fears
His eyes shut fast, his fingers in his ears,
Mighty to parry and push by God's word
With senseless noise, his argument the sword,
Pretends a zeal for godliness and grace,
And spits abhorrence in the Christian's face.
Cowper. Hope.

In the next place, his feet peruse, Wings grow again from both his shoes; Design'd no doubt, their part to bear, And waft his God-ship through the air.

[ocr errors]

Goldsmith. A New Simile in the Manner of Swift.

That colony has cost the nation very great sums of money; whereas the colonies which have had the fortune of not being God-fathered by the Board of Trade, have never cost the nation a shilling, except what has been so properly spent in losing them.-Burke. On the Economical Reform.

The puet, godwit, stint, the palate that allure,
The miser and doe make a wasteful epicure.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 25.
Th' Ionian godwit, nor the ginny hen
Could not goe downe my belly then
More sweet than olives, that new gathered be
From fattest branches of the tree.

B. Jonson. Praises of a Countrie Life. From Horace.

GO FFISH. Fr. Goffe, dull, sottish, lumpish, doltish, blockish. Mr. Grose says, Goff, a foolish clown, (North.)-Oaf, a foolish fellow, (North and South).-Goff appears to be oaf, with the common A. S. prefix ge. See OAF.

But nathelesse, yet gan she him besech For to beware of gofish peoples speech That dremen things, which that neuer were. Chaucer. Troilus, b. iii. GOG. From the A. S. Gan-gan, to go. AGOG, and GIG.

See

Luc. My ladies' cloak; nay, you have put me into such a goy of going, I would not stay for all the world.

}

Beaum. & Fletch. Wit without Money, Act iii. sc. 1. GOʻGGLE, v. Wiclif renders luscum, i. e. GO'GGLE, n. unoculum, goggle-eyed; but GO'GGLE-EYED. it seems very probable that goggle is the diminutive of Gog, agog, and means moving, a moving eye; applied to a prominent, restless eye; or it may be from ooghel-en, the dim. of Dut. Ooghen, with the prefix ghe. (See OGLE.) Junius thinks that the initial s being rejected, goggle-eyed may be the A. S. Scegl-egede; but scegl or sceol is the Eng. Scowl, and scowleyes are separated eyes, or eyes looking different ways. To goggle, is

To move, to strain or stretch, the eye, (sc.) a prominent, restless eye, from one object to another.

That if thin yghe sclaundrith thee caste it out, it is bettre for thee to enter gogil-yghed [luscum] into the rewme of God than haue tweyne yghen and be sent into helle of fier.

Wiclif. Mark, c. 9. Let the gogle-eied Gardiner of Winchester gyrde at it till hys rybbes ake and an hondred digging deuyls vpon his side, yet shal not one iote of the Lord's promisse be vnfulfylled at the tyme appoynted for that blasphemous whore's ouerthrowe, his most holy mother.-Bale. English Votaries, pt. i. Such sight have they that see with goggling eyes.

Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii. They gogle with their eyes hither and thither. Holinshed. Description of Ireland, c. 1. Give him warning, admonition, to forsake his sawey glavering grace; and his goggle-eye: it does not become him, sirrah; tell him so.-B. Jonson. Poetaster, Act iii. sc. 4.

He was of personage tall and of body strong, broad chested, and vsed both his hands alike, faire complexion; but great and goggle-eied, whereby he saw so clearly, as is incredible to report. Speed. The Romans, b. vi. c. 4. s. 6.

She [Pythias, or Priestess of Apollo] came out foaming at the mouth, her eyes goggling, her breast heaving, her voice undistinguishable and shrill, as if she had an earthquake within her labouring for vent.-Dryden. Life of Plutarch. Which made him hang his head and scowl, And wink and goggle like an owl.-Hudibras, pt. ii. c. 1. It [the sea-lion] has a great goggle-eye, the teeth 3 inches long, about the bigness of a man's thumb.

*

Dampier. Voyage, an. 1683. Palmated feet might have been joined with goggle-eyes; or small eyes might have been joined with feet of any other form.-Paley. Natural Theology, c. 15.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

But with in ye second vaile was ther a tabernacle, which is called holyest of al, which had the golden senser, & the arcke of the testamente ouerlayde rounde about with gold. Bible, 1551. Ib. This marchant which that was ful ware and wise, Creanced hath, and paid eke in Paris To certain Lumbardes redy in hir hond The sum of gold and gate of hem his bond.

Chaucer. The Shipmannes Tale, v. 13,298. He rauished apples, fro the wakinge dragon: and his hande was the more heauie, for the golden metall.

Id. Boecius, b. v.

Where stoode a wonder strange image:
His head with all the necke also
They were of fine golde both two.-Gower. Con. A. Prol.

When the King approched nere to the citie, Edmonde Shee gold-smithe then Mayre, with Willyam White and John Mathewe Sheriffis, and all the other Aldermenne in scarlette, with fiue hundred horse of the citizens in violette, receiued him reuerently at Harnesey.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 44.

Oh that the use of gold were clean gone: would God it could possiblie be quite abolished among men, setting them as it doth into such a cursed and excessive thirst after it, if I may use the words of most renowned writers: a thing that the best men have always reproched and railed at, and the onely means found out for the ruine and overthrow of mankind.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxxiii. c. 1.

I sawe Phoebus throst out his golden hede,
Upon her to gaze;

But when he sawe, howe broade her beames did sprede
It did him amaze.-Spenser. Shepheard's Calender. May.

My brother Jaques he keepes at schoole, and report speaks goldenly of his profit.-Shakes. As You Like It, Act i. sc. 1.

GOLL. Skinner thinks from the A. S. Wealdan, (ge-wealdan,) to rule, to direct, (whence the Eng. wield;) because we rule and direct all things by our hands; and he thinks it a truly elegant word.

The hands.

[blocks in formation]

GOME. A. S. Guma, one who has the care of, from gym-an, to take care of, guard, attend to. Applied generally to—

A man: corrupted into groom, (qv.)

The proportion between the quantities of gold and silver annually imported into Europe, according to Mr. Meggen's account, is as one to twenty-two nearly; that is, for one ounce of gold there are imported a little more than twentytwo ounces of silver.-Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 12.

Geff. The news hath reach'd
The ordinaries, and all the gamesters are
Ambitious to shake the golden gols
Of worshipful mastir Luke.

Massinger. The City Madam, Act iv. sc. 1. Vber. Fy, Mr. Constable, what golls you have? is justice so blind

Y' cannot see to wash your hands? I cry you mercy, sir; Your gloves are on.-Beaum. & Fletch. Coxcomb, Act i. sc.1.

If then I say-a gold ring, a brass tube, a silk-string: here are the substantives adjectivè posita, yet names of things, and denoting substances. If again I say-a golden ring, a brazen tube, a silken string; do gold, and brass, and silk, cease to be the names of things, and cease to denote substances: because, instead of coupling them with ring, tube, and string, by a hyphen thus, I couple them to the same words by adding the termination en to each of them?

Tooke. Diversions of Purley, pt. ii. c. 6. Still had she gaz'd; but midst the tide Two angel forms were seen to glide, The Genii of the stream; Their scaly armour's Tyrian hue, Through richest purple to the view, Betray'd a golden gleam.

Gray. On the Death of a Favourite Cat.

[blocks in formation]

GONG. A. S. Gang, latrina, a privie, a jakes. Somner, from A. S. Gaggan, (pron. gan-gan,) to go; because (says Skinner) all go thither for themselves and not by deputy; more probably because all that entereth into the belly goeth thither.

GONFANON. It. Gonfalon. Caseneuve says, "A word, the origin of which it is difficult to determine." Skinner,-from A. S. Gum-a, a man, and fana, a sign or ensign.

And namely thise harlottes, that haunten bordelles of thise foule women, that may be likened to commune gong, whereas men purge hir ordure.-Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

In this yere also, fell that happe of the Jewe of Tewkys bury, which fell into a gonge vpon the Satyrday, and wolde not for reuerence of his sabot day, be plucked out; whereof heryng the Erle of Gloucetyr that the Jew dyd so great reuerence to his sabbot daye thought he wolde doo as moche vnto his holy day, which was Sonday, and so kept him tyll Monday, at which season he was foundyn dede. Fabyan, vol. ii. Hen. III. an. 1259. GONG. See the quotation following.

"A little square flag, or penon at the end of a launce; or (more particularly) an old fashioned banner, or square standard born on the top of a launce; such as, even at this day, is used in the wars made by the Pope," (Cotgrave.) It is applied generally to

Id. Ib.

Ten thousand thousand ensignes high advanc'd,
Standards and gonfalons twixt van and reare
Streame in the aire, and for distinction serve
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees.

There is one that strikes on a small gong, or a wooden instrument, before every stroke of the oar, then the rowers answer all at once with a sort of a hollow noise, through the throat, and a stamp on the deck with one foot, and immediately plunge their oars into the water. Thus the gong and the rowers alternately answer each other, making a sound that seems very pleasant and warlike to those who are at a small distance on the water or shoar.

Dampier. Voyage. Tonquin, an. 1688.

A standard, banner or ensign. Gouffaucon, in Chaucer, is (as Skinner believes) incorrectly written for gonfanon or gonfennon.

Fro Charles kyng sanz faile thei brouht a gonfaynoun.
R. Brunne, p. 30.

His body thei hewe on foure quarters,
To hang in foure tounes, to mene of his maners
In stede of gonfaynouns, and of his baners. Id. p. 330.
And that was he that bare the ensigne
Of worship, and the gouffaucon.-Chaucer. Rom. of the R.
And lord of so high renown
I bare of loue the gonfenoun.

Goth. Gods; A. S. God; Dut. Goed; Ger. Gutt; Sw. God. Junius remarks, that (in the Codex Argenteus) goth passim est bonum, whence he infers that goth is taken e medio Gr. Αγαθος. Skinner prefers the Lat. Gaudeo. It is from the A. S. God-ian, juvari, prodesse, meliorem facere,meliorescere,bene cedere, conducere, ditare; to serve or assist; to aid, to benefit, to profit, to prosper; to advance or confer an advantage; to promote, to forward the welfare or wellbeing. Tooke (see 8vo ed. vol. ii. p. 80, suggests: "Geowed; perhaps gowed, written and pronounced good, which the Scotch pronounce and write gude.' Good is very extensively and very variously applied.

GOO'DYSHIP.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v.

[blocks in formation]

For the Kyng of France herde telle of hire godenesse,
And bad hire fadir graunt hym the gode Cordeille.
R. Gloucester, p. 31.
Plente me may in Engelond of alle gode y se.-Id. p. 1.
Hii putte hem vorth byuore the othere, as godemen agte
[ought.]
Id. p. 459.
The Monen day that felle to be next after the tuelft day,
The Kyng of France & he, at the riuer of S. Rymay,
Held a Parlement, gode sikernes to make,
That bothe with on assent the way suld vndertake.
R. Brunne, p. 147.
Alle thei wasted quitely & slouh the folk fulle gerne
Bot tho that fled with ther godes to the ilde of Seuerne.
Id. P. 56.
Piers Plouhman 175.
P.
And to clergie ich cam, as clerkes me seide
And ich gret hym goodeliche.
Id. p. 190.

For that is Godes owen good.

[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Til Christe's moder (blessed be she ay) Hath shapen thurgh hire endeles goodnesse To make an end of all hire hevinesse.

Id. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 5371. The God of Loue me folowed aye Right as an hunter can abide The beest, till he seeth his tide To shoten at goodnes to the deere Whan that him nedeth go no nere.-Id. Rom. of the Rose. Why hast thou drede of so good one Whom all vertue hath begone That in her is no violence, But goodlikede and innocence, Without spotte of any blame. But when he herde The high wisdome which he saide, With goodly wordes thus he praide, That he him wold tell his name. The high God of his goodnes. And for the goodship of this dede, Thei graunten hym a lustie mede, That euery yere, for his truage, To hym and to his heritage, Of maidens faire he shall haue three. When Platoes tale was done

then Tullie prest in place: Whose filed tongue with sugred talke would good a simple case.

Gower. Con. A. b. iii.

Id. Ib.
Id. Prologus.

Id. Ib. b. iv.

Turbervile. An Answere in Disprayse of Wit.

And then shall hartie loue continue long togither goodly, in case both parties doe theyr duties accordingly. Udal. Ephes. c. 6. Aristotle the most wise philosopher, biddeth women vse less apparell than the law suffereth: & he biddeth them consider, that neither the goodlines of apparel, nor the excellencie of beautie, nor the aboundance of gold is of so great estimation in a woman as is measurablenes and diligence to liue wel and honestly in all things.

Vives. Instruction of a Christian Woman, b. i. c. 9.
Behold, vitailes shalbe so good cheape vpon earth, that
hey shall thinke theselues to be in good case.
Bible, 1583. 2 Esdras, xvi. 17.

If then his Providence

Out of our evil seek to bring forth good,
Our labour must be to pervert that end,
And out of good still to find means of evil.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

Was I to have never parted from thy side,
s good have grown there still a liveless rib;
Seing as I am, why didst not thou, the head,
Command me absolutely not to go,

oing into such danger as thou saidst?

Id. Ib. b. ix.

At last the trumpets, triumph sound on hie,
And running heralds humble homage made,
Greeting him goodly with new victory,

And to him brought the shield, the cause of enmitie.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i.
Upon the way him fortuned to meet

(Faire marching vnderneath a shady hill) A goodly knight, all arm'd in harness meet, That from his head no place appeared to his feet. Id. Ib. b. ii.

While vnresolv'd he stood, the victor knight
Arriued, and seem'd in quicknesse, haste and speed,
In boldnesse, greatnesse, goodlinesse and might,
Aboue the princes born of human seed.

Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. xx. s. 107. The same one day, as me misfortune led,

I in my father's wondrous mirrour saw, And pleased with that seeming goodly-hed, Vnwares the hidden hooke with baite I swallowed. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 2. But thou hast promis'd from us two a race To fill the earth, who shall with us extoll Thy goodness infinite, both when we wake And when we seek, as now thy gift of sleep. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v.

Where they in ydle pomp, or wonton play Consumed had their goods and thriftlesse howres, And lastly thrown themselves into these heavy stowres. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 5. Soft gooddie Sheepe; then said the Foxe, not soe: Unto the King so rash ye may not goe.

Id. Mother Hubberd's Tale. King. So, goodie agent? and you think there is no punishment due for your agentship?

Beaum. & Fletch. The Lover's Progress, Act v. sc. 1.

I see thee, lord and end of my desire,
Exalted high as virtue can require ;

With power invested, and with pleasure cheer'd, Sought by the good, by the oppressor fear'd. Prior. Henry & Emma. The idea thus made, and laid up for a pattern, must necessarily be adequate, being refer'd to nothing else but itself, nor made by any other original, but the good liking and will of him that first made this combination. Locke. Of Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 31. To match this monarch, with strong Arcite came Emetrius, King of Jude, a mighty name, On a bay courser, goodly to behold, The trappings of his horse adorn'd with barbarous gold. Dryden. Palamon & Arcite. The goodliness to the sight, the pleasantness to the taste, which is ever perceptible in those fruits which genuine piety beareth, the beauty men see in a calm mind and a sober conversation, the sweetness they taste from works of justice and charity, will certainly produce veneration to the doctrine which teacheth such things, and to the authority which enjoins them.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 4.

Lucilius was the man who bravely bold
To Roman vices did this mirror hold,
Protected humble goodness from reproach,
Show'd worth on foot, and rascals in the coach.
Dryden. The Art of Poetry, c. 2. Satire.
The more shame for her goodyship
To give so near a friend the slip.-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 3.
Sworn foe to good and bad, to great and small,
Thy rankling pen produces naught but gall:
Let Virtue struggle, or let Glory shine,
Thy verse affords not one approving line.
Smollett. Reproof. A Satire.
Fair in the bosom of the level lake
Rose a green island, cover'd with a spring
Of flow'rs perpetual, goodly to the eye
And blooming from afar.-Logan. The Episode of Levina.

So far as May doth other months exceed
So far in virtue and in goodlihead

Above all other nymphs Ianthe bears the meed. Thomson. Hymn to May. But goodness is strictly, and eminently moral. It is in its nature of a boundless extent. If it be not universally operative it cannot exist as a perfection: it degenerates into partial attachments, and a partial fondness; and thus the idea of an exalted and amiable principle of action is destroyed. This attribute must be universally relative for good. It is, in the divinity, a pattern and prototype of the moral relation of man to man.-Cogan, Dis. 1. c. 1. But not to understand a treasure's worth, Till Time has stolen away the slighted good Is cause of half the poverty we feel And makes the world the wilderness it is. Cowper. Task, b. vi. But I am sure the natural effect of fidelity, clemency, kindness in governours, is peace, good-will, order, and esteem, on the part of the governed.

Burke. On American Taxation.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

A person, called a gozzard, i. e. goose-herd, attends the flock, and twice a day drives the whole to water; then brings them back again to their habitations, helping those that live in the upper stories to their nests without ever misplacing a single bird.

Pennant. British Zoology. The gray lag Goose. GOOSE-BERRY. Skinner thinks so called, because the juice of these berries, when half ripe, are the best sauce to a goose. Junius suspects that the name was originally groisberrie, corrupted from the Fr. Groiselle, and that by a further corruption, our gooseberry was formed. Our English gardeners say, so called from its gross or thick

skin. The French, from the resemblance of the berries to those of the grossus or unripe fig.Perhaps it is gorse-berry. See GORSE.

[ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]

GO'RCROW. See GORE.

Now, now, my clients

Beginne their visitation! vulture, kite,
Raven, gor-crow, all my birds of prey,
That think mee turning carcase, now they come.
B. Jonson. Fox, Act i. sc. 2.

It will also eat grain and insects, and like the raven will pick out the eyes of young lambs when just dropped, for which reason it was formerly distinguished from the rook, which feeds entirely on grain and insects, by the name of the gor or gorecrow. Pennant. British Zoology. The Carrion Crow.

GO'RDIAN. Gordian knots, so called from Gordius, a ploughman, and afterwards king of Phrygia, who "folded and knitt a rope with many knots, one so wrethed within another, that no mā could perceive the manner of it, neyther where the knottes began, nor where they ended." And as there was a prophesy "that he should be lord of all Asia that could undo the endles knott," Alexander, fearful of the consequences of failing to undo it, "out of hande cutt with his sworde the cordes asunder, thereby either illuding or els fulfilling the effect of the prophecye," (Brende's Q. Curtius, fol. 20.)

Whatsoever it was, I must be fain to leave it as a Gordian knot, which no writer helps me to untie. Baker. King Stephen, an. 1154.

If once you let the Gordian knot be ty'd,
Which turns the name of virgin into bride,
That one fond act your life's best scene foregoes,

And leads you in a labyrinth of woes,
Whose strange meanders you may search about,

But never find the clue to let you out.

Walsh. To a Lady who had resolved against Marriage.

}

GORE, v. Gore-bellied, (says Skinner,) GORE, n. either from gore, sanguis, taGORY. bum, or gor, cœnum;— -Gor and gore are the same word differently applied. Somner has ge-horwigend, sordidus, unclean, corrupt, vile, sordid, growing hoary or sinnewy: and this is from the A. S. verb Harian, (with the usual prefix ge,) ge-harian, by contraction gar, (pronounced broad gawr,) ian, canescere, mucescere; to wax gray or hoary, to grow musty, mouldy, or hoary. The adjective ge-hor (by contraction gore or gor) might be first extended in its application to the filth arising from mouldiness, and thence to any filth, corruption, or pollution, and more particularly to that occasioned by the slaughter of animals; as gory blood, gore-blood, a mixture of blood and filth. Hence gor, without the affix, blood, carnage; and gorebelly, a belly filled with or greedy of meat; gor-crow, a crow feeding on flesh or carrion, (Skinner.) (See GOR-BELLY, GORCROW.) To gore, Skinner thinks may be contracted from the A. S. Geborian, to bore, to perforate. Junius observes," Anglis quoque is dicitur gored, cujus ilia perforata graveolentem excrementorum spurcitiem egerunt.” And thus, to gore,

To cause gore, to expel or emit, to discharge, to shed gore; and generally, to stick or stab, to pierce or penetrate. And hence probably a gour or gore, a slit. See GOAR.

[blocks in formation]

Sad Amaranthus, made a flowre but late,
Sad Amaranthus, in whose purple gore
Me seemes I see Amintas wretched fate,

To whom sweet Poets verse hath given endlesse date.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 6.
But the bloudíe fact

Will be aveng'd, and th' others faith approv'd
Loose no reward, though here thou see him die,
Rowling in dust and gore.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi.
The obligation of our bloud forbids
A gorie emulation twixt vs twaine.
Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act iv. sc. 5.
What could the Muse herself that Orpheus bore,
The Muse herself, for her enchanting son?
Whom universal Nature did lament,
When by the rout, that made the hideous roar,
His goary visage down the stream was sent,
Down the swift Hebrus to the Lesbian shore.

And in dark nights, and in cold days, alone
[Cromwell] Pursues the monster throughout every throne,
Which shrinking to the Roman Denn impure,
Gnashes her goary teeth: nor there secure.

Marvell. Works, vol. iii. p. 503.
Though much dismay'd with what had lately hapt
On gore-drown'd Gladmoor in that bloody show'r,
And fearing by the foe to be entrapt.

Drayton. The Miseries of Queen Margarate.

He gaz'd with wonder on their equal might,
Look'd eager on, but knew not either knight:
Resolv'd to learn, he spur'd his fiery steed
With goring rowels to provoke his speed.
Dryden. Palamon & Arcite.
Beneath the brain the point a passage tore,
Crash'd the thin bones and drown'd the teeth in gore:
His mouth, his eyes, his nostrils, pour a flood;
He sobs his soul out in the gush of blood.
Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xv.
Great Ajax from the dead
Strips his bright arms, Oileus lops his head;
Toss'd like a ball and whirl'd in air away,
At Hector's feet the gory visage lay.

Id. Id. b. xiii. We ascribe vices to a horse, that will not obey the whip or the spur; or to an ox that attempts to gore the attendants, instead of yielding his neck to the yoke.

Cogan. Ethical Treatise, Dis. 2. § 1. The hand [Cortez] that slew till he could slay no more, Was glued to the sword-hilt with Indian gore.

Cowper.

It was to stimulate their cannibal appetites (which one would think had been gorged sufficiently) by variety and seasoning; and to quicken them to an alertness in new murders and massacres, if it should suit the purpose of the Milton. Lycidas. Guises of the day.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

Our ancestors Selected such, for hospitable beds To rest the stranger, or the gory chief, From battle or the chase of wolves return'd. Dyer. The Fleece, b. ii.

GORGE, v. Fr. Gorger, engorger; It. InGorge, n. gorgiare, ingurgitare, from the Lat. Gurges; which, as Skinner observes, was used even in the purer ages of the Latin tongue for helluo, a glutton. The shrill-gorged lark in Shakespeare is "the shrill-throated.” To gorge— To swallow or pass down the throat, to feed gluttonously, to cram the stomach, to glut.

The counseler heareth causes with lesse pain being

emptie, then he shal be able after a full gorge.

Wilson. The Arte of Rhetorique, p. 112.

And being full paunched with gorge upon gorge, ye haue no minde to relieue your poore bretheren perishing for famine, as though ye wer born to feede none but your own selfes, and were not bounde to relieve the necessitie of your neighbour.-Udal. Luke, c. 6.

Look at the full-fed hound or gorged hawk,
Unapt for tender smell or speedy flight,
Make slow pursuit, or altogether balk,
The prey wherein by nature they delight.
Shakespeare. Rape of Lucrece.
Edg. From the dread soumet of this chalkie bourne
Look vp a height, the shrill-gorg'd larke so farre
Cannot be seene or heard; do but look vp.

Id. Lear, Act iv. sc. 6.
As when a vultur on Imaus bred,
Whose snowie ridge the roving Tartar bounds,
Dislodging from a region scarce of prey,
To gorge the flesh of lambs or yeanling kids,
On hills where flocks are fed, flies toward the springs
Of Ganges, or Hydaspes, Indian streames.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii.

And as those birds do much delight in blood,
With human flesh would have their gorges fill'd,
So waited they upon their swords for food,
To feast upon the English, being kill'd.
Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt.

He with him clos'd, and, laying mighty hold Upon his throte did gripe his gorge so fast, That wanting breath him down to ground he cast. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 4.

The first night (sayth he) ye might haue seene the Englishmen bathing themselues in wine, and casting their gorges: there was crying, showting, wassaling, and drinking, showting far aboue measure.-Stow. Edw. II. an. 1313.

And all the way, most like a brutish beast,
He spewed vp his gorge, that all did him deteast.

But fiends to scourge mankind, so fierce, so fell, Heav'n never summon'd from the depths of Hell; Bloated and gorg'd with prey, with wombs obscene, Foul paunches, and with ordure still unclean.

Beaum. & Fletch. Four Plays in One. What difference betweene men enriched with all abundance of earthly and heauenly blessings, and idols gorgeously Charity.attyred, but this, the one takes pleasure in that which they haue, the other none.-Hooker. Ser. Of the Nature of Pride. It seem'd to outvye whatever had been seene before of gallantry and riches, and gorgeousness of apparel.

Baker. Charles II. an. 1661.

Pitt. Virgil. Eneid, b. iii.

GORGEOUS. Fr. Gorgias. Probably GO'RGEOUSLY. from gorge, and transferred GO'RGEOUSNESS. from the palate to the eye; Luxuriously, richly, sumptuously, adorned; gay or showy; splendid or magnificent.

With holinesse dooeth he reproue, when he speaketh of gorgeous aray of harlots decking, of game players disguising, of golden spurres, saddles, and brydles?

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 808. How outragiously are their priestes and churches orned and gorgiously garnished in their popetry passetymes) and apes playe.-Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 7.

For to the eyes of all the Utopians, except very few (which had been in other countries for some reasonable cause) all that gorgeousness of apparel seemed shamefull and reproachful.-More. Utopia, by Robinson, b. ii. c. 6.

Some rip'ning, ready some to fall,

Some blossom'd, some to bloom, Like gorgeous hangings on the wall Of some rich princely room.

Drayton. The Description of Elysium. Son, take my keys, And let this preparation for this marriage, (This welcome marriage) long determined here, Be quick, and gorgeous.

To prohibit gorgeous and costly apparel to be worn but by persons of good quality, shall save the gentry of the kingdom much more money than they shall be taxed to psy your majesty.-Ludlow. Memoirs, vol. iii. p. 272.

As for the matter of cloathing, our Saviour goes on, who can be more gorgeously and splendidly apparalled, than the flowers of the field? and yet they toil not, neither do they spin.-Sharp, vol. iv. Ser. 1.

And thence" the mighty visitant," that came
To touch thy bosom with her sacred flame,
Recall'd the long lost beams of grace,
That whilom shot from Nature's face,
When God, in Eden, o'er her youthful breast
Spread with his own right hand perfection's gorgeous vest.
Mason. Ode. To Memory

To recommend this system to the people, a perspective view of the court gorgeously painted and finely illuminated from within, was exhibited to the gaping multitude. Burke. On the Present Discontents.

His horse sore wounded; whilst he went aside To take another still that doth attend, A shaft which some too lucky hand doth guide, Piercing his gorget, brought him to his end. Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt. Which Clifford perceiuing, sought to auoide, and whether for haste, heate, or paine, put off the gorget he wore, when sodainely an arrow without an head, shot from the bow of some layde in ambush, pierc'd through his throat. Speed. Edw. IV. b. ix. c. 17. (6.) Three glittering dragons to the gorget rise, Whose imitated scales, against the skies Reflected various light. Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xi. GO'RGON, n. Gr. Fopywv, Gorgo; from GOʻRGON, adj. Yopyos, vividus, acer, terriGORGO'NIAN. bilis, and hence applied to Id. Ib. b. i. c. 4. Medusa; and poetically extended to

GORGET. Fr. Gorgerin; It. Gorgietta. A collar, (says Skinner,) so called because it covers the gorge, or gullet; the throat.

Any thing terrible, dreadful, frightful. Gorgon, in the citation from Spenser, is DEMOGORGON, (qv.)

A bold bad man, that dar'd to call by name Great Gorgon, Prince of darknesse and dead night, At which Cocytus quakes, and Styx is put to flight. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 1.

GO'SPEL, n. A. S. God-spell, derived by Go'sPELLER. some from God, Deus, and GO'SPELLING, N. spell, sermo, historia; by GO'SPELLIZE, V. others from God, bonus, and Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii. spell, nuntium, quasi bonum nuntium, good tidings, and thus agreeing with the Gr. Evayyeλiov, (of which it is probably a translation.) Somner knows not which to prefer. Junius adopts the latter. Camden says, "The gladsome tidings of our saluation, which the Greeks call euangelion, and other nations in the same word, they called God-spell, that is God's speech. Junius remarks that the English language retains this word, but in the German it has been suffered to perish. See the quotation from Horsley.

Gospelled, in Shakespeare,-obedient to the precepts of the gospel.

But fate withstands, and to oppose th' attempt
Medusa with gorgonian terrour guards
The ford.

▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬

The rest his look Bound with gorgonian rigor not to move.-Id. Ib. b. x.

But brave Aconteus, Perseus' friend, by chance
Look'd back, and met the Gorgon's fatal glance;
A statue now become, he ghastly stares,
And still the foe to mortal combat dares.
Maynwaring. Ovid. Met. b. iv.

He saw, already one in Heav'n was plac'd,
And one with more than mortal triumphs grac'd
The victor Perseus with the Gorgon-head
O'er Lybian sands his airy journey sped.

Eusden. Ovid. Met. b. iv.

But Pallas came in shape of rust,
And 'twixt the spring and hammer thrust
Her gorgon shield, which made the cock
Stand stiff, as twere transform'd to stock.

[blocks in formation]

So I charm'd their eares That calf-like, they my lowing followed through Tooth'd briars,and sharpe firzes, pricking gosse and thornes, Which entred their frail skins.

Shakespeare. Tempest, Activ. sc. 1. The common, overgrown with fern, and rough With prickly gorse, that, shapeless and deform'd, And dangerous to the touch, has yet its bloom, Aud decks itself with ornaments of gold, Yields no unpleasing ramble.-Cowper. The Task, b. i. GOS-HAWK. A hawk, so called because Own at geese, (Skinner.) Gross-hawk, or greatawk, (Minshew;) "but," adds Skinner, "I far efer the former." And see the example from

ennant.

[blocks in formation]

Surpris'd at all they met, the gostling pair
With awkward gait, stretch'd neck, and silly stare,
Discover huge cathedrals, built with stone,
And steeples tow'ring high, much like our own.
Cowper. Progress of Errour.

The goshawk was in high esteem among falconers, and
n at cranes, geese, pheasants, and partridges.
Pennant. British Zoology. The Goshawk.
A dim. of goose, (qv.)

GOSLING.

f one of their goslings be stung never so little with a tle, it will die of it -Holland. Plinie, b. x. c. 59.

[ocr errors]

Sente Peter

Pope was at Rome first, Christendom to lere,
And sende Sent Mark the Euangelist into Egypt for to
preche

The gospel that he hadde ymad, and Cristendom to teche.
R. Gloucester, p. 67.
For God as the godspel seith. goth ay as in the poure [sc.
clothing.]
Piers Plouhman, p. 206.

Jhesus answerde and seyde truelye I seye to you there is no man that leveth hows or bretheren or sistres or fadir or modir or children or feeldis for me and for the gospel, whiche schal not take an hundrid fold so myche now in this tyme housis and britheren and sistres, and modris, and children and feeldis with persecutiouns, and in the world to comynge everlastynge lyf.-Wiclif. Mark, c. 10.

Jesus answered and sayde: verily I say vnto you, there is no mã that forsaketh house, or bretheren, or systers, or father, or mother, or wyfe, other children, or landes for my sake and the gospel's, which shal not receaue an hundred and mothers, and children, and landes with persecutions: folde now in this lyfe: houses and bretheren, and sisters, and in the world to come eternall lyfe.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

He was also a lerned man, a clerk,
That Christes gospel trewely wolde preche.
Chaucer. The Prologue, v. 483.

I woul you saine withouten drede
What men may in the gospell rede
Of Saint Mathewe the gospellere
That saieth, as I shall you saie here.-Id. Rom of the R.
Sonne myn
To preche, and suffer for the feith,
That haue I herd the gospel seith:

But for to flea, that here I nought.-Gower. Con. A. b. iii.

In the whole multitude that professed the gospell, all be not good, all cannot away with the mortifying of their flesh;

they will with good-will beare the name of Christians, of gospellers, but to doe the deedes they grudge, they repine,

they cannot away with it.

Latimer. Sermon preached at Stamford, Oct. 9, 1550. Then Jesus shewing his pietifull affeccion both in coutenaunce and iyes (with which affeccion euery gospeller ought to be sory for other mens harmes,) touched theyr iyes: and forthwith theyr iyes beyng opened, they sawe, and with others they folowed Jesus.-Udal. Matthew, c. 20.

[blocks in formation]

Hold thee contented, thou foolish fellow, (quoth the parson.) If I should tell mine hearers of so great a number, I should but discredit the gospeller, and they would not beleeve me.-Holinshed. Description of Ireland, vol. vi. c. 1.

The fourth thing misliked is, that against the Apostle's prohibition to haue any familiaritie at all with notorious offenders, Papists being not of the church are admitted to our very communion, before they haue by their religious and gospel-like behauiour purged themselues of that suspition of Popery which their former life haue caused. Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. v. § 68. Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate,

ceive ye.

saith the Lord; touch not the unclean thing, and I will rethe same force with that whereon Ezra grounded the pious And this command thus gospelliz'd to us, hath necessity of divorcing.

Milton. Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce, b. i. c. 8.

And therefore drawing to a close of his gospel, and shewing the end for which he writ it, he has these words: Many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples that ye may believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the son of which are not written in this book; but these are written, God; and believing ye might have life.

Locke. Reasonableness of Christianity.

We study and search the Scriptures; O, alas! but we first seek not nor crave for God's Holy Spirit, &c. but read, learning thereout something, to show ourselves gospellers, or picking places every where to maintain argument, &c. Strype. Life of Abp. Whitgift, b. iii. c. 12.

You know, I prophesied to you before the sweat came, what would come, if you repented not your carnall gospelling. Id. Mem. an. 1555. Bradford to the Univers. of Camb.

In the mean time give me leave to put you in mind of what is done in the corporation (whereof you are a member) for gospellizing (as they phrase it) the natives of New England. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 109. Life.

The original word, which is expressed in our English Bibles by the word gospel, signifies good news, a joyful message, or glad tidings; and our English word gospel, traced to its original in the Teutonic language, is found to carry precisely the same import, being a compound of two words, an adjective signifying good, and a substantive which signifies a tale, message, or declaration.-Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 10. There stands the messenger of Truth: there stands The legate of the skies!-His theme divine, His office sacred, his credentials clear. By him the violated law speaks out

Its thunders; and by him, in strains as sweet
As angels use, the gospel whispers peace.

Cowper. The Task, b. ii. When the law of nature came to be shunned as a dangerous and fallacious guide; and faith, traditional, not scriptural, had usurped its province of interpreting gospelrighteousness: then it was, that these bright examples of a new kind of virtue appeared amongst them, in a barbarous rabble of saints; who under the common name of RELIGIOUS, and on a pretence of a more sublime and elevated virtue than natural religion taught, ran into the most horrid excesses of fanaticism and superstition.

cotton.

Warburton, vol. ix. Ser. 8. GO'SSAMER. The Author of the English Dictionary (says Skinner) so calls that morning dew (diurno sole exsiccatum) which, like a spider's web, covers whole fields, more especially after a length of fine weather. He derives it from the Fr. Gossampine; Lat. Gossipium, the plant that bears The Author of Hora Momenta Cravena tells us that the true etymon of this word is obvious to many illiterate peasants in Craven: this down or exhalation being well known by the name of summer goose or summer gauze, hence "Gauze o' th' summer,' gausamer, alias gossamer. But he should consider whether a word, thus so apparently indigenous, must not have been familiar in the language before the introduction of the word gauze, (qv.) In the King of Fairy (cited by Dr. Jamieson) it is written gar-summer. In Chaucer, gos-somer. The Germans (as Dr. J. also remarks) call it sommer-weber and weeber-sommer, i. e. the webs of summer; which may seem to countenance the presumed discovery of the Cravenist,-but it has already been shown that gar or gor, means hoar; and hence, probably, gar or gor-summer is summer's hoar, in opposition to winter's hoar, or hoar frost. It is not only applied to—

The morning dew that like a spider's web co. vers whole fields; but to

Webs or filmy substances floating in the air. Also met.

יי

As sore wondren som on cause of thonder, On ebbe and floud, on gossomer, and on mist, And on all thing, till that the cause is wist.

Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,578.

« PredošláPokračovať »