According to Athen. XIII. p. 602. C. Dionysius of Athens, surnamed the Brazen, used the pentameter as the proöde of the hexameter, for which however it is less suited:

Εὐδαίμων Χαρίτων καὶ Μελάνιππος ἔφυ
Θείας ἁγητῆρες ἐφαμερίοις φιλότατος.

The pentameter is used by the line only among the later poets, as by Heliodorus, Aethiop. III. p. 129. ed. Commel., by Philippus of Thessalonica, Epigr. IV (Brunk. Anal. Tom. II. p. 212), by Ausonius, Sentent. VII. sap. Thales, and Martianus Capella. In Virgil's epigram :

Hos ego versiculos feci, tulit alter honores ;

Sic vos non vobis fertis aratra boves,
Sic vos non vobis vellera fertis oves,
Sic vos non vobis nidificatis aves,
Sic vos non vobis mellificatis apes,

the repetition of the pentameter produces a comic effect.

(7)

The epode is a hexameter uɛíovgos. According to Terent. Maur. p. 2425, Livius Andronicus used these two verses combined in the Ino; but the verses which he cites are certainly not by Livius:

Et jam purpureo suras include cothurno,

Balteus et revocet volucres in pectore sinus,

Pressaque jam gravida crepitent tibi terga pharetra
Dirige odorisequos ad certa cubilia canes.

The principal verse consists of a tetrameter dact. acat. with an ithyphallic, sometimes perhaps combined in the asynartete manner. The epode is a monometer trochaicus cum anacr., followed by an ithyphallic.

Archilochus:

Τοῖος γὰρ φιλότητος ἔρως ὑπὸ καρδίην ἑλιχθεὶς
Πολλὴν κατ' ἀχλὺν ὀμμάτων ἔχευεν.

Simonides:

Μνήσομαι, οὐ γὰρ ἔοικεν ἀνώνυμον ἐνθάδ' Αρχεναύτεω
Κεῖσθαι θανοῦσαν ἀγλαὸν ἄκοιτιν,

Ξανθίππην Περιάνδρου ἀπέκγονον, ὡς ποθ ̓ ὑψιπύργου
Σήμαινε λαοῖς τέρμ ̓ ἔχων Κορίνθου.

Horace has this distich, Carm. I. 4.

Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Trahuntque siccas machinae carinas.

Ac neque jam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni;
Nec prata canis albicant pruinis.

The dactylic tetrameter has the caesura πενθημιμερής, and besides this, the ithyphallic is separated from it, and from the trochaic monometer by the diaeresis. The fourth foot. of the dactylic is never a spondee; but the third is very frequently.

(9)

- i

The principal verse is like that in (8); the epode is a monomet. troch. cum anacr. with a following logaoedicus dactyl. duplex dupliciter troch. acat.

Simonides:

Πολλάκι δὴ φυλῆς ̓Ακαμαντίδος ἐν χοροῖσιν Ωραι
Ανωλόλυξαν κισσοφόροις ἐπὶ διθυράμβοις
Αἱ Διονυσιάδες, μίτραισι δὲ καὶ ῥόδων ἀώτοις
Σοφῶν ἀοιδῶν ἐσκίασαν λιπαρὰν ἔθειραν,

Οἱ τόνδε τρίποδά σφισι μάρτυρα Βακχίων αέθλων
Θήκαντο. κείνους δ ̓ Αντιγένης ἐδίδασκεν ἄνδρας,

κ. τ. λ.

In the principal verse the diaeresis is once neglected in a compound word: V. 9.

Τῶν ἐχορήγησεν κύκλον μελίγηρυν Ιππόνικος.

In the epode, the trochaic rhythm is always separated from the dactylic by a diaeresis.

(10)

X-/

The principal verse as in (8); the epode is a Phalaeceus hendecasyllabus.

Callim. Εpigr. XLII.

Ἱερέη Δήμητρος ἐγώ ποτε, καὶ πάλιν Καβείρων,
Ωνερ, καὶ μετέπειτα Δινδυμήνης.

(11)

X-/

The proöde is a Palaeceus hendecasyllabus; the principal verse as in (8).

Theocr. Epigr. XVIII.

Ὁ μικκὸς τόδ ̓ ἔτευξε τᾷ Θρεΐσσα

Μήδειος τὸ μνᾶμ ̓ ἐπὶ τῇ ὁδῷ, κἠπέγραψε Κλείτας.
Ἕξει τὴν χάριν ἡ γυνὰ ἀντὶ τήνων,

Ὧν τὸν κῶρον ἔθρεψε. τί μὴν ; ἔτι χρησίμα καλεῖται.

(12)

The proöde consists of two ithyphallics with an anacrusis prefixed; the principal verse as in (8).

Callim. Epigr. XLI.

Δήμητρι τῇ Πυλαίῃ τῇ τοῦτον οὐκ Πελασγών
Ακρίσιος τὸν νηὸν ἐδείματο, ταῦθ ̓ ὁ Ναυκρατίτης.

The proöde is a dactyl. logaoed. simplex dupliciter trochaicus acat.; the principal verse consists of a monometer troch. acat., a choriamb, and a dactyl. logaoed. simplex duplic. troch. acat. or a dimet. choriamb. with a logaoedic ending.

Horace uses this distich, Carm. I. 8.

Lydia, dic per omnes

Te deos oro, Sybarin cur properas amando
Perdere? cur apricum

Oderit campum, patiens pulveris atque solis?
Cur neque militaris

Inter aequales equitat, Gallica nec lupatis
Temperat ora frenis?

Cur timet flavum Tiberim tangere? cur olivum
Sanguine viperino

Cautius vitat? neque jam livida gestat armis
Brachia, saepe disco,

Saepe trans finem jaculo nobilis expedito?

Quid latet, ut marinae

Filium dicunt Thetidis sub lacrimosa Trojae

Funera, ne virilis

Cultus in caedem et Lycias proriperet catervas?

In the proöde there is after the dactyl a diaeresis; in the principal verse, a caesura after the first arsis of the choriamb, and the diaeresis after the second arsis of the same.

In the trochaic dipody the second foot is always a spondee.

(14)

The proöde consists of two logaoedic series, namely, a dactyl. simplex tripliciter troch. cat. and a dactyl. simplex duplicitur troch. cat.; the principal verse of a dactyl. simplex tripliciter troch. cat. and a dactyl. duplex dupliciter trochai

cus cat.

Scol. apud Ath. I. p. 23, and XI. p. 503.

Παῖ Τελαμώνος Αίαν αἰχμητά, λέγουσι σε Ἐς Τροΐαν ἄριστον ἐλθεῖν Δαναῶν μετ' ̓Αχιλλέα. Τὸν Τελαμώνα πρῶτον, Αἴαντα δὲ δεύτερον Ἐς Τροΐαν λέγουσιν ἐλθεῖν Δαναῶν μετ' Αχιλλέα. Scol. in Dion. Chrys. Or. II. Ρ. 95.

Εἴθε λύρα καλὴ γενοίμην ἐλεφαντίνη,

Καί με καλοὶ παῖδες φέροιεν Διονύσιον ἐς χόρον· Εἴθ ̓ ἄπυρον καλὸν γενοίμην μέγα χρυσίον, με καλὴ γυνὴ φοροίη καθαρὸν θεμένη νόον.

Καί

The proöde is a Glyconic; the principal verse an Asclepiadean, a dimeter choriamb. with the basis and logaoedic ending. Horace uses this many times: Carm. I. 3; 13; 19; 36. III. 9; 15; 19; 24; 25; 28. IV. 1; 3, as,

Sic te diva potens Cypri,

Sic fratres Helenae, lucida sidera,

Ventorumque regat pater,

Obstrictis aliis praeter Iapyga,

Navis, quae tibi creditum

Debes Virgilium, finibus Atticis

Reddas incolumem, precor,

Et serves animae dimidium meae.

In both verses, the basis is always a spondee, the diaeresis in the second verse always after the first choriamb; the elision does not remove it, as I. 3, 36. III. 24, 52. IV. 1,

Perrupit Acheronta Herculeus labor.
Pravi sunt elementa, et tenerae nimis.
Duces tura, lyraeque et Berecyntiae.

22.