tions raised by the Barons, by the bloody contests between the Houses of York and Lancaster, and especially by the general plunder and devastation of monasteries and Religious Houses in the reign of Henry VIII, by the ravages committed by the civil war in the time of Charles I, and by the fire that happened in the Cottonian Library Oct. 23, 1731.

PUBLIC RECORDS.

An Account of the Records in the Rolls Chapel. [From the Appendix to the Report on the Public Records of Great Britain.] [Continued from p. 190.]

6. CONFIRMATION ROLLS.

The Confirmation Rolls begin with King Richard III, and end with the 12th year of King James I, no Confirmation. Roll having been made up since that time. These Rolls contain Confirmations of Charters to cities, boroughs or other Corporate or Politic Bodies, and also to private persons, and all confirmations since that time have been inrolled promiscuously with other patents on the Patent Rolls.

There is a folio volume containing a correct alphabetical Index to these Rolls, under the names of Persons, Corporations, &c. referring to each Confirmation, inrolled on these Rolls.

7. THE FINE ROLLS.

The Fine Rolls otherwise called the Lord Treasurer's Rolls, begin with King Edward V,* and end with the 17th

The Fine Rolls beginning the 6th year of King John, and ending with the reign of Edward IV, in 1483, are in the Tower. For an ac count of them see the present volume of the Librarian, p. 39, J. S.

year of King Charles I, and contain, the Inrolments of Patents to Escheators, Customers, Comptrollers, Searchers, and of other Patent Offices in the gift of the Lord Treasurer, as also of general Liveries of Lands holden in Capite, and Entries of Writs" de Diem clausit Extremum, &c." which issued before the taking away of the Court of Wards and Liveries, and the Abolition of Tenures in Capite.

There is an Index to these Rolls, which is the private property of Mr. Kipling; it is a folio' volume, containing the names of persons, alphabetically arranged, from the first of Edward V, to the end of Philip and Mary, and referring to an abstract of Liveries, &c. specifying the Manors, &c. of which Liveries were granted. This Index was made by the late Mr. Rooke, and was purchased among his collection of Manuscripts by Mr. Kipling.

8. THE DISPENSATION ROLLS.

The Dispensation Rolls begin in the 37th year of Queen Elizabeth, and are continued, but not regularly, to the 20th year of King George the Second, there being several chasms, supposed to have arisen from their not having been duly brought in by the Clerk of the Faculties and Dispensations in the Court of Chancery, by whom these Inrolments are made, and none have been brought into the Chapel since that time. These Rolls contain the Inrolments of Faculties and Dispensations which passed under the Great Seal.

There are no Calendars or Indexes to these Rolls.

9. THE ROLLS OF PARDONS.

The Rolls of Pardons begin with the reign of King Richard III, and are continued to the reign of King James I, inclusive.

There is no Calendar or Index to these Rolls.

The Claus or Close Rolls begin with King Edward V,* and are continued down regularly to the 24th year, inclusive, of his present Majesty, being brought into the Chapel from the Office called "The Inrolment Office in Chancery." These Rolls take their name from the ancient custom of Inrolling Brevia Clausa upon them, and other Memoranda, as Suminons to Parliainent, Mint and Coinage Indentures, &c. But since the reign of King Henry the Eighth, they contain mostly the Inrolments of Deeds of Bargain and Sale, Settlements and Wills of Roman Catholics, Conveyances of Bankrupts' Estates, recognizances, Specifications of New Inventions, and other instruments, either acknowledged by the parties thereto, or sworn to by a subscribing witness for the purpose of Inrolment, or inrolled for safe custody only, by warrant from the Lord Chancellor, or Master of the Rolls, and also memorials of Deeds and other Securities for Annuities.

There are alphabetical Calendars or Indexes, consisting of many folio volumes, which were made yearly by the different preceding officers, and by Mr. Kipling, according to the duty of the office, as these Rolls have been brought in under the names of Grantees, Bargainees, or Releasees; and in some instances (as in the cases of Charity Deeds), Awards upon Inclosures, &c. under the names of places; which Calendars of Indexes have been generally found to be very complete and correct; but as there was no Index to the Rolls of Henry the Seventh, Mr. Kipling made an alphabetical one to the Deeds, &c. indorsed on those Rolls, and it may be remarked, that the index to the Rolls of

For an account of the Close Rolls in the Tower, beginning with the 6th year of King John, and ending with that of Edward IV, see the present volume of the Librarian, p. 37.

†The Close Rolls from the 25th year of George III, are continued in a regular Series to the present time, and are in the Custody of the Clerks of the Inrolments in Chancery, who inroll them.

Henry VIII, has no alphabet to it. Mr. Kipling has among Mr. Rooke's collection of Manuscripts, Alphabetical Indexes of several matters of note, arranged together so as to be readily referred to, having been extracted from a very great number of Claus Rolls, of divers years, whereon Deeds, &c. are inrolled in order of time as they are brought to the office, particularly a folio book, containing the names of places in the various bargains and sales made by commissioners during the Usurpation of Oliver Cromwell, of Manors, Lands, &c. belonging to the Crown and to pretended delinquents, whose estates had been se questered, and references to the several Rolls whereon they are promiscuously recorded; another folio book, containing the names of places in the various bargains and sales made by commissioners during the same period, of all or most of the manors and lands belonging to the Archbishops, Bishops, Deans, and Chapters, and other dignitaries of the Church, wherein the parcels are generally described with great minuteness, from correct surveys taken at that time by authority of Parliament, and references to the several Claus Rolls; to which books Mr. Kipling has made indexes in two folio volumes, containing alphabets of places, referring to the different pages of the books so purchased of Mr. Rooke's Executors; and among Mr. Rooke's private collections there are also alphabetical indexes referring, under the names of places, to the several bargains and sales made by Lord Hawley, and the other Commissioners for sale of Fee-farm and other rents of the Crown, under the acts of the 22d and 23d years of King Charles the Second, whereby these several Deeds, although inrolled promiscuously with various other instruments on the Claus Rolls, as they were brought into the office, may be found at once under the name of the place, notwithstanding it be not known at what time or to whom any sale was made.

[To be continued.]

LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

Mr. Bradley of Wallingford has prepared, under the Sanction of Dr. Valpy, and other distinguished preceptors, a Series of Grammatical Questions, adapted to Lindlay Murray's Grammar, with copious notes and illustrations. The idea was suggested by Morgan's very useful book, the Grammaticæ Questiones.

Dr. Mavor, whose numerous works on Education have contributed so much to the edification of youth, as well as to the facility of teaching, is about to produce a work on which he has been long engaged-a Series of Catechisms on popular Subjects-The Mother's Catechism-a Catechism of Health-and another on General Knowledge, will appear in a few days, and be followed in rapid succession by others on English History, Universal History, Geography, Animated Nature, Botany, the Laws and Constitution of England, The Bible, &c.—They are intended to sell separately, or to form when collected two very neat pocket volumes.

LIST OF BOOKS PUBLISHED IN APRIL, 1809.

Agriculture-The Utility of Agricultural Knowledge illustrated; with an account of an Institution formed for Agricultural Pupils in Oxfordshire. 1s. 6d.

Allison-A Discourse preached in the Episcopal Chapel, Cowgate, Edinburgh, Feb. 9, 1809, being the day appointed for a General Fast. By Archibald Allison, LL. B. &c. 1s.

America-Correspondence between the Governments of the United States of America and Great Britain. 1s. 6d.

America-A Poetical Picture of America; being observations made during a Residence of several years at Alexandria, and Norfolk, in Virginia. 12mo. 4s. Baynes-A Sermon preached Feb. 8, 1809, in the Church of Loughton, Essex. By the Rev. R. Baynes, LL. B. 1s.

Baillie-A most interesting case, in a Letter to Sir Samuel Romilly, on the Bankrupt Laws. By George Baillie, Esq. 18.

Belfast Literary Society, Select Papers of. 2 vol. 4to. 41.

Bell-Rules and Instructions respecting the use and management of Guns, &c. particularly adapted to the service in the East Indies. By Lieut. Col. Robert Bell, of the Madras Establishment. 6s.

Bianchi-Levity and Sorrow. A German Story. By M. A. Bianchi. 2 vol.

12mo. 10s.

Biggs-The History of Don Francisco de Miranda's attempt to effect a Revolution in South America. By J. Biggs. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Bland-The Four Slaves of Cythera, a Romance in two Cantos. By the Rev. R. Bland. 8vo. 1s.

Bogue and Bennet-The History of the Dissenters. By the Rev. D. Bogue and M. Bennet. 2 vol. 8vo. 18s.

Buchanan-The Star in the East; a Sermon delivered in St. James's Church, Bristol, Feb. 26, 1809, for the Benefit of the Society for Missions to Africa and the East. By the Rev, Claudius Buchanan, LL. D. 1s. 6d. Burdett-Speech of Sir Francis Burdett, Bart. in the House of Commons, March 13, 1809, on the Conduct of H. R. H. the Duke of York. 1s.