THE FACE OF SILENCE. By Dhan Gopal Mukerji. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. $3.

Rama Krishna, the holy man of India, was born in 1836, in Bengal. He lived a respectable number of years, and died, leaving a Sanctified Widow, who survived him until 1920. He was, according to his disciples, one of the incarnations of God, together with Buddha, Confucius, Jesus, and Mohammed. By the merest chance, the book appears within a week of the arrival of Mrs. Annie Besant's young man, who has been added to the group.

Rama Krishna did not preach a new religion-Dhan Gopal Mukerji is emphatic on the point; he preached that all religion must come from within, and issued the statement that, once the religious mind is obtained, all sects are of equal value in attaining perfection. He studied the New Testament (in translation) for many months, and proclaimed: "I found God at the end of the road of Christianity. So if any one follows Christ he will reach God. I have verified it." Mohammedanism he found was all right also, while Buddhism, Confucianism, Shintoism, and the worship of Vishnu were splendid. Renunciation and Meditation: these are what is necessary to attain "One-ness."

This is the Saviour that Dhan Gopal Mukerji (as his name suggests, a native of Calcutta) would bring before the world. Now there is the story of a rich and cultivated East Indian who sat through the Whitsunday service at Canterbury Cathedral. "One thing about the Christian religion," he said; "it is fearfully well put!" This is hardly the praise one would accord to the Bengalee's style. For instance, we learn that on three occasions Rama Krishna became illuminated. Mukerji describes the state thus: "This is the farthest reach of what we call illumination. In that state you as a part of God are so highly conscious that all things live with you in God. You are aware of yourself as well as the selves of others with equal fullness. . . Your heart stops beating, and your mind seems extinguished, yet you are more alive than ever before. . . . 'Aham asmi prathamaja ritsaya'-I am more ancient than the effulgent Gods, for I am the first born of the Essences. I am the artery of Immortality, Amritsya Nabhai!" Illumination is scarcely the word that Occidentals would use of this experience or the description of it. There were the monks who beat their "several cymbals" and loudly chanted a benediction, and the "sign that said that this was a school building, but not to be deterred by any such bagatelle I opened the gate." These remarks make it difficult for the Western reader to approach the Rama Krishna in the proper frame of mind. Rama Krishna was a great man, and he and his disciples have been of incalculable benefit to India in helping to break a por

From "Harvard Celebrities'

ERL

Courtesy University Press The Dean

Drawn by E. R. Little materialistic country. Rama Krishna's precepts are all to be found in the New Testament; our Mohammedan subscribers know where to find them in the Koran. He was too great a man to be used as a substitute for Mah Jong by ladies who pay his disciples' car-fare to Boston and California. DEAN BRIGGS.

By Rollo Walter Brown. Harper & Brothers, New York. $3.50. To many American college men and women, and to all Harvard and Radcliffe graduates, there are few more interesting characters than Dean Briggs. He was a disciplinary officer who was most famous for his kindliness; he was associated with a college which in many parts of the country is thought to be the especial resort of the rich young sport. Yet so far from the spirit of wealth and fashion was this Dean of Harvard College that it was no surpris

ing thing when a man asked him to hold his horse for him while he did some shopping. The Dean's appearance on the street (a little exaggerated in the accompanying caricature) was extremely unostentatious. If the incident really happened, the Dean undoubtedly obliged the stranger and held the horse. It may be questioned whether Mr. Brown might not have told his story in somewhat less space. But his book will be read with pleasure by all Harvard men, by university teachers and officers, by parents, and by all who enjoy a record of the career of a lovable man.

"It was Winthrop Ames who first said Show Boat to me," Miss Ferber tells us by way of dedication. Never was a suggestion more eagerly seized or more thoroughly followed up. The result is colorfully rendered in the first half of this novel. That is a panorama of "troupers" (actors and actresses, mostly mediocre in talent, who prefer the safety of a home on the river to the hardships of one-nighttown theatrical companies) and of incidents, sometimes amusing, sometimes tragic, sometimes theatrical in both senses. No one seems to know how the author got her detailed knowledge of show-boat life past and present-for we are told that little towns on the Mississippi and smaller rivers still look forward to the appearances of the show-boat with its time-worn plays like "East Lynne" and "Uncle Tom's Cabin"-but get it in amazing and convincing detail she certainly did.

Captain Andy Hawks's Cotton Blossom and its successor really should take first place in the list of characters. And as background we have, as the author phrases it, "the sights and sounds of river life, sordid, romantic, homely, Rabelaisian, humorous. The mystery and thrill of the river life always haunt Magnolia, born on board the Cotton Blossom, and to it she comes back disillusioned from a hectic existence with a gambler husband in Chicago and after the success of her own daughter, also born on the Show Boat, as a moderntype actress. There is strong character work in the sketches of Magnolia's sprightly little father, the Show Boat's owner, and of her egregiously prim and puritanical mother, once a Yankee schoolteacher, now moral mentor over a shifting group of third-rate actors and actresses.

The panoramic treatment does not admit of close attention to construction or unity of plan, although it fits the subject. "Show Boat" is far from having that singleness of fictional purpose found in "So Big," and for that and other reasons that story still remains Miss Ferber's finest achievement. But "Show Boat" seizes and holds interest throughout that part which is foreshadowed by the title, and it is already finding eager and entertained readers everywhere.

Opinions may differ as to the latter part of this novel. It rushes us first through realistic pictures of life in the wide-open Chicago of Hinky-Dink's time, with free use of actual names and resorts (one such reference has brought threats of a libel suit), relates Magnolia's poignant experiences and the ups and downs of a gambler's wife, and then jumps suddenly to present-day literary and dramatic circles in New York, with Magnolia's daughter Kim (so named because she was born at

the river junction of Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri) as the center of attraction to a group of intellectuals, some of whom are introduced by their actual names, in the present literary fashion. In this case these columnists and critics merely "put in an appearance," as lawyers say. There is plenty of material in this part of the book, but it is not as well presented as it might be; the impression received is that it is too hurried, that the author has tried to put too many things in one story. Yet it may well be that this part will better please some readers who are not among those who respond to the lure of the river, the queer life of the "troupers," and the peculiar and unusual charm and tang of adven⚫ture.

SOUNDING BRASS. By Ethel Mannin. Duffield & Co., New York. $2.

A hard, keen novel on the advertising game in London, which could be improved by cutting out the first perfunctory hundred pages. Only too apt is the title of the first section, "Trying to Get Somewhere." But when the second part opens, with something of the brusquerie of our own Edna Ferber, matters order themselves quite differently. "The lift gate clangs open; emerges a short figure definitely inclining to portliness; silk-hatted; tailcoated; striped-trousered; be-spatted; the lift gate clangs to again and the lift silently disappears; a few steps across a stone corridor and Mr. James Rickard, at your service-upon mutually agreeable terms-pushes apart glass swing-doors bearing the legend Premier Publicity, Ltd., and to an orchestra of typewriters strides into his kingdom." Miss Mannin has a sure control over this realm. She has written "publicity" herself and knows whereof she speaks; and she can and does speak wittily and satirically. There is less spontaneity and more of smart competence in her observations on night clubs and other manifestations of the jazz age, as well in her portrait of the young woman whose "Uncle Oojah" (is this any improvement on the American "heavy-sugar daddy"?) Rickard became, thereby changing his career from publicity to the no less profitable career of notoriety.

THE TORRENTS OF SPRING: A Romantic Novel in Honor of the Passing of a Great Race. By Ernest Hemingway. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. $1.50.

This amusing skit presupposes an intimate knowledge of the work of Sherwood Anderson, Lothrop Stoddard, and the American literary colony in Paris. Probably there is also much guile in the dedication to "H. L. Mencken and S. Stanwood Mencken [sic], in admiration," although if any satire is intended in the reference to the president of the National Security League it is not increased by misspelling his name. Primarily Mr. Hemingway is a faithful if irreverent disciple of Sherwood Anderson. Yogi Johnson, with his inchoate yearnings and his bride from the beanery, is like the hero of "Many Marriages" seen through a glass, spoofingly, and the book even has the approved al fresco conclusion which marks the true Anderson hero's emancipation from clothes and other manmade conventions. The publishers have given the book a dress fit for a masterpiece. If the book proves to be the "Don Quixote" of the Chicago School it will be labor well spent on their part.

Art

AN ARTIST'S LIFE IN LONDON AND PARIS, 1870-1925. By A. Ludovici. Minton, Balch & Co., New York. $3.75.

Mr. Ludovici-in all the two-hundredodd pages we never know what the A. stands for-belongs to that small, select group, headed by the Pennells, who did not fight with Whistler. He might possibly

on

have not fought with Whistler, but if he thought that he could also remain friendly terms with Pennell, he, like the Pharaohs of Exodus, knew not Joseph.

When an artist has been known in his profession for fifty years, it is to be expected that he will have interesting things to say. A. Ludovici has, but he is not up on the technique of saying them. The book is spiced with imposing names: Whistler, Rodin, Monet, Forain, "a Mr. Hopkinson Smith," Edward VII, Mary Cassatt, Cézanne, etc.; there are succulent descriptions of student life in Paris before the war spoiled it all-the Franco-Prussian War this time-and there is many a tearful lament for the good old days; but there have been others to play the tune with greater resonance.

Parenthetically, it must be said that A. Ludovici's artistic conscience has not stayed in the '90s by any means. It is rare to find one of his generation and training so quick to see the meaning, not only of Whistler, Corot, Turner, and Millet, but also of Toulouse-Lautrec, Gaugin, Cézanne, and Van Gogh. Whistler is his patron saint, and he is probably quite right in feeling that way about it, though his habit of referring to Irascible James as The Master is disconcerting. This, then, is a B minus Biography. Make no mistake, there are worse on sale-and better.

Education

from Colonel Henderson's famous work on Stonewall Jackson, is, however, somewhat distorted, a far more accurate statement being given by General Sir Frederick Maurice in the August "Atlantic." Viscount Esher, who writes the prefatory note to General Ellison's work, disagrees with most of the argument, but agrees in the main with the conclusions.

Travel

SIGN POSTS OF ADVENTURE. By James Willard Schultz. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. $3. This book will serve as a true guide to any traveler exploring the beauties of Glacier National Park-territory once completely dominated by the Blackfeet tribes of Indians. Himself an adopted Indian and in sympathy with all their customs, the author has spent time and effort in attaching appropriate Indian names with their legends to every river, mountain, and lake in the park. The remnant of the "Pikuni" feel that once more the land will carry some permanent memorial of their forefathers. Frontier history-the early explorations of the Northwest-are not forgotten. Among the photographs are two quaint reproductions of Fort Union and Fort Benton in 1833, and of that grand and much-loved old trader, Joseph Kipps.

Besides finding it a guide-post, the student of Indian life and manners will reap the benefit of Mr. Schultz's authentic investigations. The legend of the "inishim" (buffalo-stone)-the sacred stone that saved its people from starvation-is perhaps the most charming.

Philosophy

THE MENACE OF NATIONALISM IN EDUCATION. By Jonathan French Scott. The Macmillan Company, New York. $1.60. From a study of the school text-books of Germany, France, England, and the United States, as well as the material in M. Prudhommeaux's "Enquête," recently published by the Dotation Carnegie, Dr. Scott finds that the youth of these countries are still being subjected to a kind of nationalist propaganda inimical to world peace. Comparing French with German nationalism, as thus revealed, he finds the former more vehement and vituperative, the latter more deeply rooted, less considerate of the claims of other nations, and more given to the glorification of the national past. believes, however, that the reaction against chauvinism is stronger in France than in Germany, and he praises the French Government for its efforts to foster belief in the League of Nations. British text-books, he asserts, show a wide range of attitude. The jingoistic school-book, however, is the exception. As a rule, Germany and the Germans fare better than in the French books, and, though there is often censure for French rulers and policies, the French people are warmly praised. Comparing the British and the American books, especially on questions affecting the two peoples, he finds the former, in the main, the more tolerant and impartial, though sometimes sadly blundersome as to facts.

Strategy

THE PERILS OF AMATEUR STRATEGY. By Lieutenant-General Sir Gerald Ellison.

With Long

a Prefatory Note by Viscount Esher. mans, Green & Co., New York. $2. General Ellison tells the story of the Dardanelles expedition of 1915 as an illustration of the folly of civilian direction of warfare. No "war council" or "sanhedrim," he maintains, can possibly meet the situation. The attempt to occupy the Gallipoli Peninsula-a War Council move instigated by Winston Churchill-was hopeless from the start, and its disastrous consequences might have been spared had the politicians listened to the naval and military experts. Incidentally, the LincolnGrant relationship after March, 1864, is brought in to give point to the argument. The statement of that relationship, taken

Sociology

IF I WERE A LABOR LEADER. By E. J. P. Benn. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.

$1.75.

THE NEW LEADERSHIP IN INDUSTRY. By Sam A. Lewisohn. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. $2.

Be

Sir Ernest Benn, head of one of Great Britain's largest publishing houses, and author of "The Confessions of a Capitalist," tells what he would do and say if he were a labor leader. He strongly approves of trade-unionism, but his opinion of the "radical intellectuals" who infest the labor movement is anything but favorable. tween Socialism and Communism he makes little or no distinction and unsparingly condemns them both. He would have the trade unions keep out of politics and devote their activities to increasing their wages and otherwise improving their conditions through producing more and better goods as well as through cultivating friendly relations with their employers. To show the British worker the error of his ways a roseate picture of conditions in America is given. The book is forcibly and entertainingly written, and even readers certain to reject much of its teaching will find it a stimulating and helpful work.

Mr. Lewisohn, out of his long experience with labor problems and his friendliness for the workers, writes his views on the questions of wage policies, the harmonizing of unionism with industrial effectiveness, employee representation, management, and the mental hygiene of employers. Extreme

radicalism among the workers he believes to be no longer a menace; the most important factor in sound industrial relations is management, and "an orderly solution of our industrial labor problems depends primarily upon the progressiveness of the employing classes." There are a score or more of places wherein the alert proofreader might have touched up the construction to advantage. Just how the word "between" functions in the sentence (page 40), "This sort of spirit prevails too often in the relation between a governor of one party who is saddled with a state legislature of another," cannot be guessed.

History

By

THE ROMANCE OF THE BOUNDARIES. John T. Faris. Illustrated. Harper & Brothers, New York. $6.

All the disputes about our boundariesinternational and State-have interesting histories. Mr. Faris has delved deep into many quaint and curious volumes of forgotten lore and picked out for us a number of the more striking episodes. Some are exciting and some merely ludicrous. Our border controversies with England usually carried the threat of war, and a score of times conflict was averted only by the interposition of cool heads on both sides. Two of these crises-the Aroostook and the Indian Stream disputes over the northern boundaries of Maine and New Hampshire -had their plentiful share of opéra bouffe. More serious and protracted were the contests over the retention by England of the frontier posts on American soil and the settlement of the Oregon boundary. The colonies also had their quarrels about boundaries, usually continued far into the period of Statehood. The long contests between Pennsylvania and her Southern neighbors (Maryland and Virginia), and between New York and her rivals on three sides (New Jersey, Connecticut, and Vermont), are told at some length. The newer States, too, were quarrelsome about their frontiers. The mimic war between Michigan and Ohio in 1835-6 provides a diverting tale. The general reader will find much in this book that has heretofore escaped him. He will learn something about that strange curve (the only thing of its kind in the United States) which separates Delaware from Pennsylvania; that odd cut in the southern boundary of Massachusetts known as the "Southwick dip;" the projection in the southeastern boundary of Iowa; and the awkward slant and jog in the southern line of Michigan. An occasional misprint of name or date unfortunately occurs; but in this imperfect world one hundred per cent accuracy seems unattainable. A graver fault is that the right-hand pages throughout carry, not the chapter titles, but the title of the book.

Naval History

THE NAVAL HISTORY OF THE WORLD WAR. By Thomas G. Frothingham, Captain U. S. R. The Harvard University Press, Cambridge. $3.75.

This is the third volume of the work, and it is concerned with the share of the United States in the war, in the years 1917-18. It is the work of an expert in naval strategy, and is a sober, although readable history of events. Those who wish a popular story, with picturesque details, will go to some other book. This is a painstaking work of reference.

Religion

RELIGION IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF WILLIAM JAMES. By Julius Seelye Bixler, Associate Professor of Biblical Literature in Smith College. The Amherst Books, First Series. The Marshall Jones Company, Boston. $3. Sets forth the conflict of two kinds of religious values, monistic and pluralistic.

James finally decided in favor of pluralism with its aggressive attitude toward life, at the same time retaining certain monistic concepts. Evidence is adduced of James's belief in survival, and the author avers his opposition to the absolute was on account of its denial of more important values. The empirical method, pragmatic test, and will to believe are discussed at length.

Science

HOW INSECTS LIVE. By W. H. Wellhouse. The Macmillan Company, New York. $5.

This volume is elementary in that it may be read almost as easily as Fabre's insect books, but it is also complete in treatment for all but advanced entomologists. Το those who would like to know how moths, wasps, butterflies, spiders, beetles, and other small creatures live, walk or fly, eat, fight, reproduce-this is exactly the right book to read. The illustrated Key at the end is a well-contrived aid to study.

E. Peabody. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. $3.75.

Hard-fisted merchant mariners of New England come to mind in Mr. Peabody's pages, with their record of the four ships bearing in succession the name of "Grand Turk." The first and second were the property of Elias Hasket Derby, of Salem, who grew rich out of the prowess of the former as a privateer and merchantman to China and India. The second was the largest ship up to its time ever built in The Salem, and it proved unprofitable. third, a smart brig built at Wiscasset, Maine, won high repute as a Boston-owned privateer in the War of 1812. The fourth was a three-masted schooner that did good service as a carrier during the World War and was wrecked on a reef off Yucatan. The book affords an interesting retrospect of American enterprise under sail.

Children's Books

DERIC IN MESA VERDE.

By Deric Nusbaum. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York. $1.75. This is a boy's note-book, put into form with clever pictures by Eileen Nusbaum. It is interesting and full of such observations as would come from a quick-eyed lad who emulates David Birney Putnam, the twelve-year-old who voyaged with the Arc

turus.

THE INDIANS TO-DAY. By Flora Warren Seymour. The Benjamin H. Sanborn Company, New York.

The author is a member of the Board of Indian Commissioners, and writes intelligently for young folks concerning the tribal people as they are to-day. A general survey is given, with much detail concerning the Southwestern Indians. Good pictures add to the value of the volume. STORIES OF SWISS CHILDREN. By Johanna Spyri. The Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York. $2.50.

A handsome volume, illustrated in color, for Christmas. It contains ten short stories by the Swiss author of "Heidi," which has pleased thousands of children. These have been printed before, but are first collected here. The translation by Helen Dole is excellent.

DANIEL DU LUTH. By Ernest McNeil. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. $2.

Boys like historical stories, and this is of the kind they like. Du Luth has been called the Robin Hood of Canada. His adventures on the Great Lakes, his race to reach Niagara Falls before the hostile Senecas, his success both in fighting Indians and making them friends for France, are the framework for an exciting tale.

Cuts & STOPS Bruises

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Pittsburgh Revisited

What an Ex-Bartender and Sunday-School Superintendent Saw

I

IN The Outlook for July 28, in an article on "Prohibition and Nullification," this sentence occurs, "Every man thinks he knows, but no man has any real proof to offer." May I offer a little testimony that seems very like proof to me?

In I am in my seventy-seventh year. 1869 I was a bartender in Abilene, Kansas. For the next four years I was in daily conIn 1876 I tact with the whisky business. joined the Baptist church in Penn Yan, New York, and in the meantime have been the superintendent of nine Sunday schools.

In all my life I have never voted a prohibition ticket nor up to a very few years ago have I even talked against the liquor business. For fifteen years I exhibited live stock at the Dundee Fair, and I lived two There miles away for seventeen years. were always from four to six saloons in the town, and Dundee was notorious for drunks and fights for all the years that I lived there.

Two years ago I attended the Dundee Fair. In three whole days I did not see or hear of one drunk, and there was not one fight. It was the same at the Schuyler County Fair and the Yates County Fair. So much for three fairs that used to be In notorious for drinking and fighting. 1901 I moved to a suburb of the wet city of Pittsburgh, and for fifteen years I was very frequently in the city. Almost every time I was there I saw men drunk on the streets and in the Pennsylvania Railroad station, where at one time there was a bar. A short time ago I made a three days' visit to Pittsburgh. On my arrival I was assured by a friend that there was more I whisky sold in Pittsburgh than ever. went all over looking for somebody drunk. I did not find any one. I was told to come out Saturday night on a train called "The Bummer" and I could find plenty of drunks. So I took "The Bummer" at near midnight. In the depot there were several hundred men, but not a drunk. "The Bummer" was crowded. I went through every car, found not one drunk. Yet Pittsburgh is said to be the wettest city in Pennsylvania.

While in Pittsburgh I was told by a wet that Mr. Mellon was very largely interested in all the whisky that came into Pittsburgh. There may be as much alcohol sold in Pittsburgh as ever, but, if so, I was there H. G. HUBBARD. in a dry time.

Meadville, Pennsylvania.

A

About Diet

CONDENSED book on diet entitled "Eating for Health and Efficiency" has been published for free distribution by the Health Extension Bureau of Battle Creek, Mich. Contains set of health rules, many of which may be easily followed right at home or while traveling. You will find in this book a wealth of information about food elements and their relation to physical welfare.

This book is for those who wish to keep physically fit and maintain normal weight. Not intended as a guide for chronic invalids as all such cases require the care of a competent physician. Name and address on card will bring it without cost or obligation.

HEALTH EXTENSION BUREAU SUITE YC 298

GOOD HEALTH BLDG. BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN

The Hotel and
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By mail and by personal consultation the experts of The Outlook are able to direct all who travel along the most desirable routes. They go far beyond the conventional lines of many travel information services to render invaluable personal services.

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