135" Da Trebio! Pone ad Trebium! Vis frater ab ipsis !!!!!! Luserit Æneas nec filia dulcior illo. -140 Jucundum et carum sterilis facit uxor amicum. Afferri minimasque nuces assemque rogatum, Money.' i. 112 sq. LU. 137. ἦν ὁ φίλος τι λάβη, δόμινε φράTag sibus trgatev, nv d' að μn ti λáßyn, Tò peárse size póvov äna yàg nai Tauta τὰ ῥήματα· αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε οὐκ ἐθέλω δόμινς, οὐ γὰρ ἔχω δήμεναι Pallad. Εp. xxxi. Anal. t. ii. p. 13. LU. A 138. You must be childless.' parody of Virgil; saltem si qua mihi de te suscepta fuisset ante fugam soboles; si quis mihi parvulus aula luderet Eneas, qui te tamen ore referret; &c. Æ. iv. 327 sqq. PR. 140. Understand to legacy-hunters.' LU. Mart. XI. lv. PR. X. xviii. R. 141. But, now that you are rich, let your mistress be put to bed: although she should even present you with three bouncing boys at a birth, he will not be afraid of being supplanted by your natural children, and therefore will feel 143. In the twittering nest:' a common metaphor; χρηστοῦ πατρὸς νεόττια Theoph. Ch. ii. teneroque palumbo et similis regum pueris; Pers. iii. 16 sq. cf. Cat. xxix. 9. nidos querulos; Sen. H. F. 148. nidis immitibus escam; Virg. G. iv. 17. nigra velut magnas domini cum divitis ædes pervolat et pennis alta atria lustrat hirundo, pabula parvu legens nidisque loquacibus escas; A. xi. 473 sqq. nidum liberorum; Ammian. xiv. p. 28. R. "O hell-kite! All? What, all my pretty chickens, and their dam, At one fell swoop?" Shaksp. Macb. IV. iii. 'A stomacher,' M. waistcoat,' R. or 'corslet.' G. 144. Nuces are · walnuts,' minima nuces filberts.' GRÆ. Pers. i. 10. Hor. I S. iii. 171. M. Augustus, animi laxandi causa, modo nucibus ludebat cum pueris minutis, quos facie et garrulitate amabiles undique conquirebat; Suet. 83. PR. Which the little fellow begs for, to buy playthings, cakes, or fruit.' GRÆ. 145. Virro goes so far as to beg Trebius will bring one of the little darlings with him, when he comes to dine at his house.' GRÆ. M. 146. Cf. 108. LU. Seneca, Piso, Boletus domino; sed qualem Claudius edit Qualia perpetuus Phæacum auctumnus habebat, and Cotta would speak of their clients as 'Toadstools of very questionable appearance.' quorumdam ex his facile noscuntur venena, diluto rubore, rancido aspectu, livido intus colore, rimosa stria, pallido per ambitum labro; Plin. xxii. 22. LU. ii sunt tutissimi quibus rubet caro, magis diluto rubore, quam boleti; 23. Ath. ii. 19. Suet. Ner. 33. PR. 147. "The agaricus cæsareus or imperial agaric' is the most splendid of all the species; it is common in Italy and is brought to the markets there for sale. The ancient Romans esteemed it one of the greatest luxuries of the table. This is the mushroom with which Claudius was poisoned;" Miller's Gard. Dict. G. Locusta supplied the empress Agrippina with the poison, which she introduced into her husband's favourite dish. VS. J. Suet. 44. Plin. xxii. 22. Mart. XIII. xlviii. boletum, qualem Claudius edit, edas; I. xxi. 4. Claudius was the fifth emperor of Rome. PR. cf. vi. 620 sqq. R. 150. Pulpy fruits (as distinguished from nuts' and 'berries') including apples, pears, peaches, &c. M. An allusion perhaps to an Indian nation, of which it is said; odore vivunt pomorum silvestrium et eorum olfactu aluntur; Solin. H. his ego rebus pascor. his delector, his perfruor; Cic. in Pis. 20. 151. Phæacia, afterwards Corcyra, now 'Corfu.' Homer describes the gardens of Alcinous as filled with perpetual fruits; hence an eternal autumn reigned there. Od. H 112 sqq. VS. LU. Mart. VII. xlii. 6. Antiquitas nihil prius mirata est quam Hesperidum hortos ac regum Adonis et Alcinoi; Plin. xix. 4. PR. 152. The garden of the Hesperides, daughters of Atlas king of Mauritania, was famous for its golden apples guarded by a sleepless dragon. Hercules slew the monster and stole the fruit. VS. LU. Ov. iv. 627 sqq. PR. Virg. Æ. iv. 480 sqq. Ath. iii. 7. Apoll. II. v. 11. Diod. iv. 27. R. 153. Such as a monkey eats.' VS. After weighing the various opinions of Commentators upon these three lines, I think the following paraphrase gives their sense; You are at liberty to enjoy a specked and shrivelled windfall; such as idle soldiers would amuse themselves by giving to a monkey, and laugh to see the nice discrimination with which Mr Pug turns it about to nibble the sound part, while he sits in his regimentals on the back of his bearded charger before the gate of their barrracks, after going through his manual exercise with due gravity and precision, and in as much military awe of his master's whip, as any of the raw recruits who are grinning at him ever felt for the cane of their drill-sergeant.' To say the apple which the soldier gives away' is more severe than saying that which he eats.' The monkey nibbling his apple between whiles is more characteristic, and the comparison more degrading. (See the simile in the passage of Lucian, quoted at 157.) The round target and the lash were not used in the Roman army. Among those who think a monkey' is here meant are CL. DM. RU. GŘ. HO. HN. R. The Prætorian Bands were stationed by Tiberius in a permanent camp between the Viminal and Tiburtine gates. FE. Pliny mentions sata in castrorum aggeribus mala; xv. 14. PR. cf. viii. 43. R. 154. Metuens virga; vii. 210. Ov. M. i. 323. R. 155 Discit ab hirsuta jaculum torquere capella, grat Forsitan impensæ Virronem parcere credas Hoc agit, ut doleas : nam quæ comœdia, mimus Tu tibi liber homo et regis conviva videris. Nec male conjectat. Quis enim tam nudus, ut illum 165 Vel nodus tantum et signum de paupere loro? 155. Among the amusements of the Asiatic soldiery, Leo Africanus mentions simiam equitem ex capra jaculandi artificem. ΗΝ. CL witnessed an exhibition of this kind at a fair in Germany. 156. In his eagerness to lash the guest, Juvenal now excuses the host, and contradicts some of his former invectives on the inherent meanness of the great men of Rome towards their dependents. Correct taste would have led him to carry on both his purposes together, without sacrificing one to the other: the servility of the client might have been exposed, while the pride and parsimony of the patron were preserved as qualities necessary to the effect and consistency of his satire. G. He appears to be acting the rhetorician, 157. iii. 152 sq. ridiculus æque nul- P "Ecce dabit jam 1 τῷ δὲ δοκεῖς τρυφῶν, ὅτι ἔστι σοι τῶν ἰσχά δων ἀφθόνως ἐντραγεῖν· ἡ δ' ἐλευθερία καὶ τὸ εὐγενές, σὺν αὐτοῖς φυλέταις καὶ φράτορσι, φροῦδα πάντα, καὶ οὐδὲ μνήμη τις αὐτῶν· Luc. μισθ. συν. 24. Cf. v 6 sqq. R. 158. Than a parasite in all the agonies of disappointed hunger.' PR. 159. Cf. i. 45. expletur lacrymis' egeriturque dolor; Ov. Tr. IV. iii. 38. R. 161. Cf. Pers. v. 73-90. Hor. II S. vii. 32 sqq. 80-94. 111. and I Ep. xvi. 63 sqq. Mart. II. liii. IX. xi. R. 162. Cf. Hor. II S. vii. 38. Mart. I. xciii. 9. V. xlv. 7 sqq. tri di xai ñ xvícca ἡ τῶν σκευαζομένων ἐς τὸ δεῖπνον ἀπέκναι us Luc. Catap. 16. R. 49. 163. Utterly destitute.' LU. cf. iv. 'Him and his insolence.' LU. The golden boss' was an amulet adopted from the Etruscans, (who probably brought it from the east,) and at first was worn only by the children of the nobility. In process of time it became common, like the tria nomina, to all who were free-born. It was a hollow globule something in the shape of a heart. This badge of liberty was worn by the children of all ranks of freemen till the age of fifteen. In our author's days the golden bulla was probably used only by the rich; the poorer classes had it of leather or other cheap materials. Pers. v. 31. VS. LU. G. Macr. i. 6. PR. xiii. 33. M. xiv. 5. Plin. xxxiii. 1 s 4. Aur. Vict. 6. Plut. Rom. p. 30. R. 166. i. 133 sq. cf. the quotations from Lucian at 22 and 157. R. Οἴμοι, τί δῆτ ̓ ἔτερψας ὦ τάλαινά με 가게 Semesum leporem atque aliquid de clunibus apri. Si potes, et debes. Pulsandum vertice raso Ελπὶς τότ', οὐ μέλλουσα διατελεῖν χάριν ; This is the soliloquy of the expectant parasite. LU. Μόνον τῶν περιφερομένων τὰ ὀστὰ, ti ἀφίκοιτο μέχρι σοῦ, καθάπερ οἱ κύνες περιεσθίων, ἢ τὸ σκληρὸν τῆς μαλάχης φύλλον, ᾧ τὰ ἄλλα συνειλοῦσιν, εἰ ὑπεροφθείη ὑπὸ τῶν προκατακειμένων, ἄσμενος ὑπὸ λιμοῦ παραψάμενος· Luc. μισθ. συν. 26. οὐ λευNou TOTs agrou iupognbrìs, (cf. 67—75.) οὔτε γε Νομαδικοῦ ἢ Φασιανοῦ ὄρνιθος, ὧν μόλις τὰ ὀστᾶ ἡμῖν καταλέλοιπε· (cf. 114.) ib. 17. R. 168. Minor may mean either (1) 'smaller poultry' (viz. ' chicken or ducks' as distinguished from geese'): LU. or (2) 'lessened' by Virro having helped ARGUMENT. This Satire is the most complete of our Author's works; and one in which all his excellencies are combined. Forcible in argument, flowing in diction, bold, impassioned, and sublime; it looks as if the Poet, conscious of the difficulties which he had to grapple with, had taxed all his powers to do justice to the theme. It is addressed to Ursidius Postumus as a dissuasive from marriage, grounded on the impossibility of meeting with any eligible partner; the good old times being long gone by, when females were chaste and frugal: 1—29. If therefore he was tired of a bachelor's life, he had better bid adieu to this world altogether. 30—47. The catalogue, which it contains, of vices and follies is most appalling; but is not very methodically arranged. Luxury is the source of all, 286-300. From this spring-unbridled lust, pervading all ranks, 47— 132. 327 sqq. 366–378. 597–601. gallantry, 231-241. artfulness, 271-278. unnatural passions, 311-326. attachment to unfeminine pursuits, 67–70. 246–267. boldness, 279–285. coarse manners, 418— 433. drunkenness, 300–319. 425 sqq. profaneness, 306–345. quarrelsomeness, 268–270. litigiousness, 242–245. cruelty, 413-418. 474— 495. waywardness 200—223. and fickleness, 224–230. imperiousness, presuming upon wealth and beauty, 136–160. pride, 161–183. ambitious extravagance, 352-365. 495-511. love of finery and cosmetics, 457-460. fondness for public singers and dancers, 379-397. gossiping, 398–412. affectation, 184–199. pedantry, 434–456. superstition and credulity, 511-591. the producing of abortion, 592-597. the introducing of supposititious children, 602-609. the employment of philtres, 133-135. 610–626. poisoning of step-sons, 627-652. and murder of husbands. 652-661. G. R. The ashes of the ladies whose disreputable actions are here recorded, have long been covered by the Latian and Flaminian ways; nor have their follies, or their vices, much similarity with those of modern times. It would seem from internal evidence, that this Satire was written under Domitian. It has few political allusions, and from its subject might not have been displeasing to that ferocious hypocrite, who affected at various times a wonderful anxiety to restrain the licentiousness of the age! G. Among other writers who have been severe upon the female sex are Euripides generally, and Aristophanes in his Thesmophoriazusæ. With this Satire may also be compared Lucian, Amores c. 33 sqq. c. 38 sqq. R. Jo. Filesaci Uxor Justa; SR. Chrysostom, homily on Herodias; Barth. ep. from Spain to Celestin, p. m. 334 sqq. les Mémoires de Brantosme HN. Simonides; Ariosto, Aretino, and Boccacio among the Italians; among the French, Jean de Meung, Gringoire, Moliere, la Fontaine, Boileau in Sat. x. ACH. and Pope in his Moral Essays, ep. ii. ; |