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PRIDE of high Birth justly expofed.

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172 portunity, when my aunt was gone a vifiting, or rather begging, feeing me at the door, artfully to begin an acquaintance, which a correfpondence foon improved into fomething like friendship. He extorted complaints from me, feemingly entered A into my diftrefs, pitied me, and protefted that he loved me; and, alas! I almost believed him, which I really think, if I know myfelf, was more owing to my miferable fituation, than any motive of liking to him: However, as I thought I could not be more unhappy, I one day refolved, tho' with fear and trembling, to throw myfelf at once into his protection, and truft to his generofity; this I had promifed him, and this I fhould have certainly done, had I not received a letter from him that very afternoon to juftify my fears, and convince me, that inftead of a protector, I had only found a betrayer. But here, in the height of my mifery from this disappointment, an accident of an extraordinary kind relieved me from my diftrefs. My D good aunt returning home about five, disappointed of a dinner where the went, defired me to broil the remains of a pound of mutton chops, left the preceding day; but as the faid her grand pappa, my lord was very fond of fhallots with roaft E mutton, the ordered me to fetch fome, and put a halfpenny into my hand for that purpofe; for as fhe knew the alliances of her family for 100 years, fo fhe was alfo particularly acquainted with their refpective taftes, with which the conftantly en- F tertained me; and, as I fuppofe, to prove, that people who were nobly born, were formed of different materials from the vulgar; a thing the herfelf verily believed.I went on my errand to the next herb fhop, where the woman, who had always taken me for a fervant, thinking I deferved a better place, gave me a bill of the univerfal register-office, then juft fet up, which, after read

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April

ing, unexperienced as I was in life, I determined to apply to for relief; and as diftrefs makes even our fex bold, I went and entered myself for a nurfery maid's place, and by this means, in a week, I got into a very good family; nor had I been a month in my nursery before my lady difcharged her own maid, and being acquainted with my ftory, generoufly preferred me to attend upon her felf. I now began to feel a real joy after the danger I had avoided from my lover, and to fee that ridiculous creature, my aunt, with the highest contempt. What a change of fitua tion was here! from pride, poverty, idlenefs, naftinefs, and mifery, fupported only by the confideration of being nobly born, to that of being C honeftly and ufefully employed, kindly treated, poffeffing every conveniency and comfort of life, and nothing to rob me of my happiness but the thought of being a fervant. Alas! what a bugbear has falfe pride made fervice to our fex! For my own part, the only difference I confider between mistress and fervant is but the name; for as to happiness, they are or may be upon a footing. It is often faid, that one misfortune generally treads upon the heels of another; but I have never heard the fame acknowledged of good fortune. But this only fhews that the world in general are more ready to complain of what they fuffer, than to acknowledge what they enjoy. I am very ready to fay, I efteem my removal from my aunt into fervice as a happinefs; as I muft fay the fame of my removal from that happy fervice, to that of marrying a worthy tradesman, who tho' he has no nobility of blood to boast, yet, if honour is justly defined to be honesty of heart, in that excellent quality he is exceeded by none. I can say no more but that I am happy: But, what would make one laugh, I received a letter full of refentment from my aunt, in which the charged me with

1751. Humorous LETTER ON CHANTING.

difhonouring her family by marrying
a tradefman; and faid fhe was re-
folved not to take any notice of me,
do any thing for me, or give me a
morfel of bread if I was ftarving.
The great happiness I found in per-
feverance, is the reason why I would A
perfuade all parents to educate their
children in proportion to their cir-
cumstances, and affure all those of
my fex, that labour under the preju-
dices of education, whofe minds are
poisoned with falfe pride, that in-
duftry generally meets with fuccefs;
that in England, fervice is no flavery;
nor is it any difgrace, but rather an
honour to any one, be their birth or
education what it will, to be a fer-
vant, when it becomes necessary for
their fupport; for fure, nothing can
be fhameful that is honest. The
rooting this falfe pride from their
heads, would preferve thousands from
deftruction.

To the AUTHOR of the LONDON
MAGAZINE.

SIR,

I LITTLE

*

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173

had like to have done our business, and of which I was feveral weeks before I could recover: To all the reft I could say something that was pretty and well conceited, with the help of my good friend Dr. Biffe ; but when he threw in that home question" I dare put it to the warmest advocate for chanting, whether he should not know better, than fo to prefer a fuit to the king, or to a lord," my heart mifgave me at once; I found that in vain was it to apply to either the rationale or to cuflom, to help me to give a direct answer;— fo to work I fet my brains, how to get off of this ugly bufinefs; and at length, after feveral weeks intense meditation in vain, and being very near giving it over feveral times, C at laft it jumped into my head on a fudden, as I was one day returning in good fpirits from courting-I do not hold (obferve me) that I am obliged to give him quite a direct anfwer, because he stated the que?tion his own way; but I fhall give D him one, notwithstanding, to the purpofe, and which will fhew, that finging is not fo inconfiftent with petitioning as he would make us believe. In a word then, I can tell him; whatever it be to a lord, a fong has often been thought the best way to prefer a fuit to a lady;

table a defence as I had made for chanting against Paul Diftinct, ever to fee any fo daring, as to enter the lifts again; I fo effectually confounded the old fellow, with the ra tionale of it, that he durft never show E his head fince; at leaft, if he has done it, it has been under a different name; for, to tell you the truth, I do not know what to make of Zachariah Fervent ; I fometimes think he has too much of Old Paul in him, to be any other than he: They neither of them deal in any thing but reason, and there is a strange refemblance in their manner of thinking: But be that as it will, whether he be Paul's fecond, or Paul himself, I am refolved now to make an end of him for ever: I am fure, he intended G in his heart to do no lefs by me and my friends, when he levelled at us that unconscionable blow, which

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Souvent, pour attendrir un coeur,
Il ne faut qu'une Chanfonette †.

Thus much may ferve, then, for that devilish, troublefome, impertinent question of his. And now I must take my turn, and question him; and I will undertake to put cafes to him, in which let him deny that chanting is most agreeable, if he can. To begin then, what can be more fuitable to the impreffion that the recital of the commandments fhould make upon us, than at the end of every one to fing the petition, "Lord, have mercy upon us, and in

* See all on this subje&t, in our Mag. for 1750, p. 363, 462, 507. And in our Mag. for Feb, laft, R. 77.

+ Bruneties par Ballarde.

174 On the Death and Character of the Prince of Wales. April

incline our hearts to keep this law?'' Is not this better calculated ten times, to difpole us to have a ferious and due regard for them, and to lay us under a hearty fenfe and conviction that it is no light matter to trefpafs against any of them, than if we delivered the fame in a dull praying frame, and in a bumble fuppliant Arain ?-Is it not A undeniable too, that the feriousness of any one's belief is much more naturally expreffed by finging the Creed, than by saying it, and is it not unquestionably promoted and impreffed by it? This is fo plain to me, that it is matter of aftonishment, how they come not to chant the leffons too, as well as this; I am fure, it would be as much more to edification, in this cafe, as in B

the others. I think therefore it was a great omiffion in them not to do it, and indeed the fcheme of chanting, to say the truth, is not quite compleat, and of a piece without it.

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Having now fo plainly fhewn inftances where is, and might ftill further be of fo evident fuitableness; and alfo, tho' it is indeed a trifling manner of putting up our prayers, that fill it is far from being inconfiftent with the notion of petitioning, as he would have it; I fhall further add, that there is an ufe in its very triflingness. All men are not of a ferious turn, and nothing could be more difagreeable to fome mens tempers and ftates than to pray with all the circumftances of a devout D and rightly affected mind; to do this is vaftly inconvenient to an indevout temper, and the more like in earnest it is done, the Jefs it agrees with a loose and trifling worfhipper, or with a mere formalift.-And are not thefe, which are in fuch numbers, to be at all confidered? Now chanting is of waft fervice to fuch, in taking off that which

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is difagreeable to them in prayer, and in
making it pafs off lo infenfibly, that they no
longer fay, what a weariness is it? And this
prevents that naufea they have to it, by
mixing it to their palates, and qualifying it
for their ftomachs-they can away with the
prayers thus fitted to their temper; and no-
body knows how many worshippers we
are beholden to this contrivance for. Even F
the grand enemy of all to prayer, if we
may believe Gregory of Tours, can join in
them in this drefs; who tells us, in the Life
of St. Nicetio, bishop of Trevers, that the
devil being once got into a deacon who
was performing fervice, fell to chanting for
life, and would fain have bore a bob with
them, but the bishop, who difcovered him
by his voice, would not let him, but thus
took him to do for his officioufnels, Sileat,
fileat, nec præfumat canere juftitia inimicu::
How much then is this fitted to promote
and further our fervice, and not to prejudice
it, as my antagonist would artfully fuggeft?
I doubt not then but I have faid enough to

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fatisfy those who are friends to it, and that
my arguments are fufficient to hold them
fteady: Indeed, I am confident that nothing
can move them from their principles; and
with this we must comfort ourselves, and
be content-for, alas! there is no hopes of
feeing chanting come into general esteem,
or that we should come one and all to have
an high opinion of it, without fome other
things, to favour and befriend it, were be-
lieved, and we could fee the old gainful tales
prevail again, of

Bloated fouls, in (moaky durance
hung,
[tongue,
Like a Weftphalia gammon or neat's,,
To be redeem'd with maffes and a fong.

Quack medicines must be supported with quack contrivances to bring them in request.

But these are times of too much light, to hope fo to gain more ground-but not however of fo general light, but we may hope to keep that we have.

Yours, Timothy Squeal.

From the Remembrancer, March 30.

On the Death and Character of the Prince of
WALES. (See p. 138, 139.)

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UCH fudden, furprizing and overwhelming calamities, do fometimes burst in upon us, as no fence of manhood or refolution is able to withstand: And when fuch calamities are national, weaknefs then grows.contagious; the fame characters of infirmity are graven on every face; and none preferve any measure of fortitude but fuch as are the difgrace of the fpecies, malignants and infenfibles.

Of this nature, but I need not specify a vifitation which has fo recently befallen us, which has agitated every paffion, penetrated every heart, abforbed every other affliction,

and fent up one univerfal groan from the whole community-the wound is yet bleeding The furprise and aftonishment of the ftroke (carce over: Our ears yet ring with the doleful news: Our blood runs cold with the horror it occafioned: The imagination is awake to no other idea: And every new light it appears in, only ferves to diverfify our anguish.

And as in the lowest instances of familiar life, impreffions of the fame forcible kind are hard to bear, fo they are as hard to efface. The shafts of forrow are all bearded: Where they penetrate, there they fasten; in striving to extract them we but enlarge the wound: And let the hand be ever fo delicate, we fink under the operation.

The tender paffions, befides, make their approaches to us, in the forms of the Graces, if not of the Virtues; and, captiwated by their appearance, the most milky

natures

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1751

Of the Swedish SUCCESSION.

natures not only open their bofoms to receive them, but foster them there, as the moft endeared and most endearing guests,

On this mournful occafion, then, we are not to wonder if our eyes and hearts overflow without referve, if we presume there is fomething meritorious in our transports, and that instead of blushing for the uncon- A trolable expreffions of forrow and affection which follow his equally beloved, honoured and lamented name, we should grow proud of our affliction, and think ourselves beft adorned with our tears.

For as the condescending sweetness of his manner and addrefs enchanted all who had the honour to approach him; so that fweetness arose from a genial fource of be- B nevolence and philanthropy which feemed inexhaustible. How many individuals has his charity relieved? How many his munificence rewarded? How many families whofe well-being depended on his bounty, are already in fack-cloth and afhes for his irreparable lofs? How high a place had he affigned the arts and sciences in his esteem ?C What royal notions had he entertained of royal magnificence; how ftudiously had he weighed and confidered the difficulties and diftreffes of this country; how anxioufly had he fought a fuitable remedy for them? And how thoroughly determined was he, to apply it when found, if ever the power of applying it fell into his hands!

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Even the very foibles and blemishes of his character and conduct, when traced to their origin, admit of fuch a kind of palliation, as falls very little fhort of praise; for they proceeded manifeftly from an over. ardent defire to please and to excel, from too fond and eager a paffion for glory, and too impatient an ambition to be diftinguished as much by his importance and useful- E nefs, as by his birth, rank and expectations; which it was no otherwife in his power to

175

sponding expletive of ferrow and dismay, are not unfrequently feen in the house of mourning ;-but with fuch peculiar aggravations as in the awful cafe before us, no where, perhaps, under heaven.

His royal highness has left a numerous, may ferve as a mound between us and conlovely offspring (God be praifed) which fufion. The prince, his eldeft fon, who inherits all his claims and all his virtues, is now the proper object of our concern, affection, wishes, prayers, vows and endeavours: And in devoting our best fervices to him, we shall beft discharge our duties to the memory of his dear, departed father, and to the commonwealth.

The author of the Weftminster Journal of the fame date, likewife paid his tribute to the memory of the Prince, in a very affecting effay, which he concludes thus: That the life of his majefty, the most gracious of princes, may long continue, is the wish of every proteftant Briton. May it prevent the neceffity of a regency, and the crown defcend upon the head of a grandson of George II. in the full maturity of manhood! But as this is more than we dare promise ourselves from the age his majefty has already happily attained to, and especially from reflecting on the event which we now deplore, the fincere grief of Britons, for the lofs of Frederick prince of Wales, is, in this respect, justifiable.

The King of Sweden being lately dead, and the Succeffion to that Kingdom being an Affair of fome Intricacy to me People, we imagine the following Account of ibat Suc ceffion, and of the Family of the late King, as likewife the Declaration made and figned by the new King, in full Senate, upon his Acceffion, will not be disagreeable to our Readers.

be, than as he had the dexterity and ingederick, late king of Sweden, and

nuity to create his own opportunities.

In our whole ftory, we find but one heirapparent, like him hurried off in the meridian of his life, when all the hopes of the publick centered in him; and who, like him alfo, was every way difpofed to graft the honour and happiness of himself and his pofterity, upon the honour and happinefs of his people.

And tho' his lamp expired in the ordinary way, yet as it never blazed brighter, or promifed more comfort to a nation, than when it was nearly burned out, the fuddennefs of its extinction was fo much the more fenfibly felt, and the darkness we were as fuddenly furrounded with, was fo much the more terrifying.

A difconfolate widow; -a group of helpless innocents ;-a circle of fympathizing friends and every other corre

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Landgrave of Heffe Caffel, eldest for of Charles Landgrave of Heffe Caffel, and Mary Amelia, fifter of Caffimir duke af Courland, was born in 1676; and in 1699, married Louifa Dorothea Sophia, daughter of Frederick king of Pruffia, who dying without iffue in 1705, he married the princefs Eleonora, youngest daughter of Charles XI, late king of Sweden, who on her brother Charles XII. being killed before Frederickshall in Norway, Dec. 21, 1718, was elected by the states queen of Sweden, on condition of restoring them their antient rites and liberties; and the Grefigning the crown in favour of her confort in 1720, he was elected king of Sweden, and crowned, May 3, 1721, on the like conditions agreed to by the queen, of lodging both the legislative and executive power in the states, and leaving the prince

Attle

176

DECLARATION of the new King of Sweden. April

little more than the name of a king. He fucceeded his father in the Landgraviate of Heffe Caffel in 1729, and his confort, queen Eleonora, died without iffue in 1741,

The princefs Hedwig Sophia, eldest, fifter of Charles XII. married Frederick duke of Holftein-Gottorp, by whom the had iffue Charles Frederick, born April 29, A 1700. He married Anne Patrowna, eldest." daughter of the Czar Peter the Great, by his fecond wife Catharine, by whom he had iffue Charles Peter Ulrick, born Feb. 21, 3727, who confequently was heir to the crown of Sweden, and fo declared by the ftates on his father's death. But the Czarina Elizabeth, the reigning emprefs of Ruffia, B

having declared him her fucceffor to that throne, he renounced his claims to Sweden, and the states of Sweden declared his uncle Adolphus Frederick, duke of Hol ftein Eutin, and bishop of Lubeck, fucceffor to the throne of Sweden. He was born March 14, 1710, and married to the princefs Ulrica of Pruffia, by whom he has one fon.

As Landgrave of Heffe, the late king of Sweden is fucceeded by his brother, prince William, who was born March 10, 1681-2, and married the princefs Dorothy Wilhelmina of Sax-Zeitz, by whom he had iffue prince Frederick, born Auguft 2, 1720, and the princefs Mary, born June 25, 1721. The prince married the prin

cefs Mary, fourth daughter of his prefent majefty king George II. in 1740, by whom he had iffue a prince, born in Dec. 1741, who died in June, 1742; and another prince, born May 23, 1743.

His Swedish majefty, the day before he died (viz. March 24, O. S.) fent for the prince fucceffor and his confort, to whom he, in the prefence of count Teffin, and many

other fenators, in the moft moving terms, recommended, to have always in view the welfare and profperity of the Swedish nation, to be watchful to maintain its ftates in their privileges and prerogatives; adding, that he quitted the world without regret, as he left the kingdom in peace, and died in the hope that it would long enjoy the continuance of that bleffing.

The day after the king's death (March 26,) the prince fucceffor, Adolphus Frederick, was proclaimed king, who in the afternoon went to the fenate, where the dif. ferent colleges of the kingdom were affembled, and there fwore obfervance of, and figned the following declaration.

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on my advancement to the throne, which is devolved to me by the disposal of the Almighty, and by the free election which they have made of me, I did not, in the most solemn manner, confirm the affurance I have given to support them, at the expence of my life and blood, in the exercise of the pure doctrine and religion they profefs, and to preferve and defend the liberties and privileges they have acquired. And as my defires are far from every thing which might bear the leaft fhadow of constraint, I declare by this publick act, which I swear to observe, upon my royal word and faith, that I not only intend to govern my kingdom according to the laws of Sweden, and the form of regency established in the year 1720, as well as in conformity with the affurance I gave the ftates of the kingdom in the year 1742; but also, that I fhall regard as the most dangerous enemies to me and the kingdom, and treat as traitors to their country, all fuch as fhall, either in publick or private, or under any pretence whatsoever, undertake or endeavour to introduce into this kingdom defpotick power, or arbitrary government. Wherein God affift me." Stockholm, April 6, 1751.

Adolphus Frederick.

Two ARITHMETICAL QUESTIONS. WO períons A and B, playing at TW putt, A won from B a certain number of shillings, confifting of 3 places whole digits are in arithmetical progreffion, and in fuch a manner, that if the number of fhillings be divided by the fum of its digits, the quotient will be 53, and if from the faid number 198 be fubtracted, the digits will be inverted. Quere the N°.

Two men having each an equal number Ewhat they gave a yard for each quantity, of yards of broad-cloath, it being asked it was answered, that if the N°. of yards, each of them had, be feverally multiplied by 2 and 2, 49 being respectively added to and fubtracted from each product, both the fum and remainder will be equal to the fquare of the number of fhillings given for had each perfon, and what did the quaneach refpective quantity. How many yards

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"Whereas the united states of the king- G dom of Sweden have, of their own motion, and by a free and voluntary choice, elected me fucceffor to the kingdom of Sweden, of the Goths, and of the Vandals; I fhould be wanting in a uitable return to the confidence they have repofed in me, it,

tity each had coft?

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True MATHEMATICAL QUESTIONS. AVING the radius of a circle equal A, to find the fide of an infcribed equilateral triangle. T. W.

Given the fpecifick gravities, of two fluids a, and b, (a being equal the heavier) and the fpecifick gravity c, of a body d, immers'd in them (fuppofed to exceed the one and be lefs than the other ;) required to find the part of the body, that will remain in the upper fluid.

T. W.
ON

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