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Vallibus, esuriens migraret in atria Clio.

Nam, si Pieria quadrans tibi nullus in umbra Ostendatur, ames nomen victumque Machæræ 10 Et vendas potius, commissa quod auctio vendit Stantibus, œnophorum, tripodas, armaria, cistas, Alcyonem Paccî, Thebas et Terea Fausti.

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Hoc satius, quam si dicas sub judice " Vidi,"
Quod non vidisti. Faciant equites Asiani

15 Quamquam et Cappadoces faciant equitesque Bithyni,

11. LU. VI. viii. 5. Theoph. Ch. vi. (CAS.) R. iii. 157. M.

Aganippe a fountain of Helicon in Boeotia sacred to the Muses; or that from which the river Permessus takes its rise. Call. t. i. p. 560. VS. Virg. E. x. 11 sq. (SV.) Paus. Boot. xxix. Prop. II. x. 25 sq. R.

7. Atria (1) The Licinian Courts' and others near the forum were the places in which auctions were held: T. ab atriis Liciniis atque a præconum consessu; Cic. for Quint. 12. 25. ut in atriis auctionariis potius quam in triviis et compitis auctionentur; Id. i. in Rull, 7. PR. or (2) The antechambers of the great.' BA. cf. 91. i. 95 sq. Hor. I Ep. v. 31. Mart. I. lxxi. 12 &c. III. xxxviii. 11 sq. R. See also v. 37.

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Clio (from xéos renown'), the epic muse,' is here put for the poor poet.' LU. 8. Pieria; iv. 36. PR. cf. 6. 58 sqq. Hor. II Od. i. 39. III Od. iv. 40. R. Quadrans; i. 121. vi. 447. PR. see note on i. 40. which will show why it was called teruncius. R.

9. Machera is generally supposed to have been a famous crier of that time. LU. 10. Commissa (1) by commission' from the magistrate or from the owners of the property: (cf. ix. 93-96. M.) Or (2) in which the bidders are pitted against each other: BR. cf. i. 163, note. M.

Auctio so called from the price being augmented by each bidding. BR. 11. Enophorum; vì. 426. R. Tripodas, tables, seats, vases, cauldrons' supported by three feet. See note on Her. viii. 82.

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12. Alcyone, Theba, and Tereus are the names of three miserable poems, probably tragedies; VS. which were sold among other lumber. M. cf. i. 2 sqq. 52 sqq.

The story of Alcyone and Ceyx her

husband, who were both transformed into birds, occurs in Ov. M. xi. 270 sqq. 544 sqq. LU. Apoll. I. vii. 4. 9. IÎÏ. x. 1. (HY.) R.

Of Paccius nothing further is known. The variety of reading in these lines is of little consequence. For, luckily, the works of these poets did not long survive (it may be, preceded) them; or, to borrow the felicitous expression of a lady lamenting the premature fate of her infant, "Their babes, which ne'er received the gift of breath, Did pass before them through the gates of death !" G.

The family of the Labdacidæ, who reigned at 'Thebes,' afforded inexhaustible themes for tragedy. LU.

Tereus; vi. 644, note. PR.

Faustus may be the same person as Martial ridicules; X1. Ixiv. R.

13. It is better thus to get an honest livelihood, than by perjury to amass an equestrian fortune, as rascally foreigners do.' PR.

Sub judice; iv. 12. xvi. 29. R.

14. Now knights, once slaves.' LU. Pers. v. 79. PR. Petron. 29. 63. R. Or needy foreigners, who flock to Rome, in order to make their fortunes by their wits, and wear gold rings in order to pass for knights.' ACH.

Asiatic:' cf. iii. 58-122. Mart. X. lxxvi. R.

15. Cappadocia was a country of Asia Minor, between Galatia and Armenia. PR. τρία κάππα κάκιστα, Κρῆτες, Καπ wadoxes, Kiλx15' Suid. LU. Minoris Asia populis nulla fides est adhibenda; Cic. for Flac. cf. Titus i. 12. M. This people (according to the Scholiast on Pers. vi. 77.) were from their infancy habituated to the torture, so as to be well trained for false witnesses. R.

Bithynia,another countryof Asia Minor, between Phrygia and the Bosporus. PR.

Altera quos nudo traducit Gallia talo.
Nemo tamen studiis indignum ferre laborem
Cogetur posthac, nectit quicumque canoris
Eloquium vocale modis laurumque momordit.

20 Hoc agite, O juvenes: circumspicit et stimulat vos
Materiamque sibi Ducis indulgentia quærit.

Si qua aliunde putas rerum exspectanda tuarum
Præsidia atque ideo crocea membrana tabellæ
Impletur; lignorum aliquid posce ocius et, quæ
25 Componis, dona Veneris, Thelesine, marito
Aut claude et positos tinea pertunde libellos.

16. The other Gaul' i. e. Galatia or Gallogræcia; VS. Flor. ii. 11. LU.

Barefooted; cf. i. 111. PR. Claud. xviii. 35 sqq. and Pers. vi. 77. K. Or so poor that they had not a shoe to their feet.' M.

'Transplants,' M.' transports.' LU. 18. 19. A periphrasis for a good poet.' VS. numeris nectere verba; Ov. Pont. IV. ii. 30. Quint. VIII. iii. 16. R.

19. Bards were called dapnpayor Lycoph. (ME.) Sophocl. from their 'chewing the bay,' by which they fancied themselves to become inspired. GR. FA. Hor. III Od. xxx. 16. (BY.) Call. H. Del. 94. (SP.) Tib. II. v. 65. Theoph. Ch. xvi. 1. (C.4S.) R.

20. Hoc agite! 48. This expression is familiar in Terence; Eun. I. ii. 19. 50. II. ii. 55. And. I. ii. 15. II. v. 5. III. v. 8. &c. M. R. It calls the attention of those addressed to the matter in hand; it was the form used in solemn rites, GY. and uttered by the crier when a magistrate was sacrificing or taking auspices. GR. BR. Like the adinonition of the bedel to the candidates, in the ceremonial of conferring ordinary Degrees at Oxford," You will all attend, Gentlemen!"

21. Dux is used as synonymous with Imperator; ii. 104. iv. 145. R. see note Οι στρατηγός: Her. v. 38.

22. From any other quarter than

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into a volume, a small piece of coloured parchment, was pasted on the outside, which served not only as a cover, but as a label to the work when it was placed in the bookcase. Cat. p. m. 52 sqq. (VO.) Tib. III. i. 9 sqq. (HY.) PTR. (RA.) (3) They also used to rub the skins, when filled, with oil of cedar or citron to preserve them from moths and worms. (RA.) Plin. xiii. 13. (HA.) Ov. Tr. I. i. 5. (H.) R. (4) Many of their books were made up into leaves and pages, like ours, and put into cedar boards: see 100. A book bound in yellow Morocco.' ACH. cf. i. 5 sq.

24. Ocius; οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις αὐτῶν· see note on Her. vii. 162.

25. The husband of Venus,' [ó vng érus Kudńgns Anacr. xlv. 1.] for Vulcan,' and that for the fire.' LU. quo ambulas tu, qui Vulcanum in cornu conclusum geris? Where are you going with your horn lanthern?' Plaut. Amph. I.i. PR. puella Veneri vovit, poetæ scripta tardipedi deo daturam, infelicibus ustulanda lignis; Cat. xxxvi. 1 &c. illa velim rapida Vulcanus carmina flamma torreat; Tib. I. ix. 49 sq. R. Thus Ceres is used for corn,' Bacchus for wine,' Neptune for the sea,' Jupiter for the air,' Mars for' war,' &c. cf. also Hor. I Od. xxv. 19 sq. xxvi. 2 sq. [Her. vii, 141 n. 100. ED.]~

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Thelesinus may be the poet to whom this satire is addressed: LU. perhaps the same person as mentioned Mart. III. xl. VI. 1. XII. xxv. R.

26. Perforate with the worm,' i. e. leave them for the book-worm to devour.' SCH. Mart. XI. i. 14. XIV. xxxvii. 2. Hor. II S. iii. 119. I Ep. xx. 12. Ov. Pont. I. i. 72. R.

Frange miser calamos vigilataque prælia dele,
Qui facis in parva sublimia carmina cella,
Ut dignus venias hederis et imagine macra.
30 Spes nulla ulterior: didicit jam dives avarus
Tantum admirari, tantum laudare disertos,
Ut pueri Junonis avem. Sed defluit ætas
Et pelagi patiens et cassidis atque ligonis.
Tædia tunc subeunt animos, tunc seque suamque
35 Terpsichoren odit facunda et nuda senectus.

27. Frange leves calames et scinde, Thalia, libellos; Mart. IX. lxxiv. 9. PR. frange, puer, calamos et inanes desere Musas; Calp. iv. 23. R.

Vigilata which have cost you many a sleepless night.' M. Ov. F. iv. 109. (H.) Virg. G. i. 313. (BU.) Stat. Th. xii. 811. (B.) thus, multo labore sudatum thoraca; Sil. iv. 434. R.

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Either (1) destroy' with the flames, or (2) obliterate' with the blunt upper end of the style, while they are still on the waxen tablet and not yet transferred to the parchment, or (3) erase' with pumice-stone, after they have been copied out fairly the parchments were then called zahinora PTR. (RA.) Cic. ad Div. iv. 47. vii. 18. Mart. XIV. vii. Cat. xxii. 5. R.

28. ་་ Who rack your brains In garrets, cocklofts, for heroic strains." G. Mart. III. xlviii. 1. VII. xix. 21. See note on iii. 199. R. quos famæ vigilare juvat ; Ov. A. A. iii. 413.

29. Venias; Ov. Her. iv. 113. F. v. 648. (H.) Prop. I. v. 32. (VU. PAS.) Virg. E. v. 344. vii. 470. and Tib. I. ii. 76. (HY.) R. See note on ii. 83.

Poets were crowned not only with bay, but with ivy Virg. E. vii. 25. PŘ. doctarum hederæ præmia frontium; Hor. I Od. i. 29. because the Muses were the companions not only of Apollo, but of Bacchus. R. cf. Mart. VIII. lxxxii. Ov. A. A. quoted in the note on 105.

Private libraries were adorned with the statues of men of learning and genius: notes on ii. 4 sqq. R. and the busts of eminent writers were often placed, together with their works, in the temple of the Palatine Apollo. PR. eripavov u ἔχων αὖον, δίψῃ δ' ἀπολωλώς· Arist. Eq. 532. This passage gave Jonson a transient fit of enthusiasm: "I that spend half my nights, and half my days, Here

in a cell, to get a dark pale face, To come forth worth the ivy or the bays, And in this age can hope no other graceLeave me! there's something come into my thought, That must and shall be sung high and aloof, Safe from the wolf's black jaw, and the dull ass's hoof!" G.

A meagre' recompense for all the pains it costs to obtain it; and as lank and lean' as its half-starved prototype. SCA. cf. Pers. pr. 5. (K.) PR. An equivoque.

31. To praise and only praise." This is prettily imitated by Spenser: "So praysen babes the peacock's spotted traine, And wondren at bright Argus' blazing eye But who rewards him ere the more forthy? Or feedes him once the fuller by a graine?" Shep. Cal. Egl. x. 31 sq. And Randolph, who had Spenser as well as Juvenal in his mind: "The plowman is rewarded; only we That sing, are paid with our own melody: Rich churles have learnt to praise us, and admire, But have not learnt to think us worth the hire. So when great Juno's beauteous bird displaies Her starry tail, the boyes do run and gaze At her proud train;" Poems p. 78. G.

32. The bird of Juno.' vi. 526, note. Argi centum oculos nox occupat una: excipit hos volucrisque suæ Saturnia pennis collocat et gemmis caudam stellantibus implet; Ov. M. i. 721 sqq. So far are boys from giving any thing to the peacock, that they rather would rob him of his fine feathers. PR.

Is gliding away, insensibly but entirely.' Hor. I Ep. i. 42.

33. Patiens rei means able to bear the fatigue attendant on a thing.' Hor. I Od. viii. 4. ΜΙ.

A sea-faring, a military, or an agricultural life.' R. cf. St Luke xvi. 3. 35. Terpsichore (rigidis and xogos);

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Accipe nunc artes, ne quid tibi conferat iste, Quem colis, et Musarum et Apollinis æde relicta. Ipse facit versus atque uni cedit Homero Propter mille annos, aut, si dulcedine famæ

his lyric muse.' PR. M. Nuda senectus; iv. 49. 81. Ov. Her. ix. 154. R. Bassus (40. 80.) is probably here alluded to, as Quintilian observes that he had a fervid genius, the warmth of which was not chilled by age: x. 1. PR. "Passa la gioventude, e l'ore andate; La vecchiezza, mendica di sostanza, Bestemmia poi della perdute etate;" S. Rosa Sat. ii. G.

36. "Hear now what sneaking ways your patrons find To save their darling gold." The Bufo of Pope is shadowed out in part from this animated passage: "Till grown more frugal in his riper days, He paid some bards with port, and some with praise; To some a dry rehearsal was assign'd, And others, harder still! he paid in kind." There is a very good story told by Macrobius, which will not be much out of the way here. A Greek poet had presented Augustus Cæsar with many little com. pliments, in hopes of some trifling remuneration. The emperor, who found them worth nothing, took no notice of the poor man, but as he persisted in offering him his adulatory verses, composed himself an epigram in praise of the poet; and when he next waited on him with his customary panegyric, presented his own to him with amazing gravity. The man took and read it with apparent satisfaction; then putting his hand into his pocket, he deliberately drew out two farthings and gave them to the Emperor, saying, οὐ κατὰ τὴν τύχην, ὦ σέβαστε· εἰ πλείονα εἶχον, πλείονα ἂν καὶ idido "This is not equal to the demands of your situation, Sire; but 'tis all I have: if I had more I would give it you." Augustus, who was not an illnatured man, could not resist this; he burst into a fit of laughter, and, as Macrobius says, made the poet a handsome present. ii. 4. In allusion to this passage the Italians relate that Pius the third, on being presented with a panegyric in verse, by one whoexpected a pecuniary return, gave him the following distich: "Discite pro numeris numeros sperare, poeta, mutare est animus carmina, non emere." To which the other instantly replied: "Si tibi pro numeris

numeros Fortuna dedisset, non esset capiti tanta corona tuo." It must be confessed that the Pope and his friend make but a sorry figure by the side of Augustus and his Greek poet; who surpass them as much in genuine humour, as in urbanity and good breeding. G.

The temple of the Muses' (or rather of Hercules Musagetes) was dedicated by Fulvius Nobilior and restored by Marcius Philippus; that of Apollo was built by Augustus in the Palatium. These edifices were used both as libraries and as rooms where men of letters might assemble for the purpose of conversation or recitation. Plin. xxxv. 10. and Suet. Aug. 29. (BU. ER.) Pers. pr. 7. (K.) Hor. I S. x. 38. and II Ep. iii. 387.`(WIE.) ii. 92 sqq. (BY.) I Ep. iii. 17. BRI. LU. PR. M. R. Callistratum Demosthenes, Academia cum Platone relicta, sectatus est; Ammian. xxx. 4. is imitated from this passage. HR. see note

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Homer;' vi. 436. PR.

39. He judges of wit, as of wine, by its age: as though Homer had little else, save his antiquity, to recommend him. cf. Hor. II Ep. i. 18 sqq. LU. An opinion which Horace justly explodes. R.

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A thousand years' in round-numbers. cf. Vell. P. i. 5. and S4, p. 866. R. Homer lived about 160 years before the building of Rome; VS. and in A. U. 840 (= 1000 years) Juvenal would be between forty and fifty.

If you are particularly anxious to recite your poems, and will be contented with empty fame, without any more substantial marks of approbation, he will accommodate you with a large empty room, painted with damp, and tapestried with cobwebs.' Plin. H. N. xi. 24 s 28. Hom. Od. II 35. (CK.) Prop. III. iv. 33. (BK.) Anth. Lat. t. ii. p. 564. (BU.) Tib. 1. x. 49. (HY.) Cat. xiii. 8. and lxviii. 49. (DŒ.) Anth. Gr. i. 1. p. 282.

40 Succensus recites, maculosas commodat ædes.
Hæc longe ferrata domus servire jubetur,
In qua sollicitas imitatur janua portas.
Scit dare libertos extrema in parte sedentes
Ordinis et magnas comitum disponere voces.
45 Nemo dabit regum, quanti subsellia constent
Et quæ conducto pendent anabathra tigillo
Quæque reportandis posita est orchestra cathedris.
Nos tamen hoc agimus tenuique in pulvere sulcos
Ducimus et litus sterili, versamus aratro.
50 Nam si discedas, laqueo tenet ambitiosi

Consuetudo mali: tenet insanabile multos
Scribendi cacoethes et ægro in corde senescit.

(JA.) Diatr. on Eur. fr. p. 169. (VK.) HR.

40. Recites on this custom see Pers. i. 15 sqq. PR. notes on i. 1. 12 sq. R. Of Saleius Bassus the poet (v. 80.), Tacitus (if he be the author) says: quum toto anno, per omnes dies, magna noctium parte, unum librum extudit et elucubravit, rogare ultro et ambire cogitur, ut sint, qui dignentur audire; et ne id quidem gratis: nam et domum mutuatur, et auditorium exstruit, et subsellia conducit, et libellos dispergit; et ut beatissimus recitationum ejus eventus prosequatur, omnis illa laus intra unum aut alterum diem, velut in herba vel flore præcepta, ad nullam certam et solidam pervenit frugem, nec aut amicitiam inde refert, aut clientelam, aut mansurum in animo cujusquam beneficium, sed clamorem vagum et voces inanes et gaudium volucre; D. de Or. 9. R.

41. A house that has been long untenanted. R.

To be at your service.' R.

42. Whose portals, bolted and barred, resemble the gates of a besieged town.' LU.

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On these occasions three kinds of seats were used: (1) subsellia the benches in the body of the room;' (2) anabathra 'the rising seats ranged against the walls of the apartment;' (3) cathedræ chairs, for the better sort of company, in front of the benches, and immediately before the stage from which the reciter spoke.' LI. 46. Pendent rise above the floor.' cf. xi. 107. Sil. ii. 128. vi. 645. R.

47. The chairs, being merely hired for the occasion, were to be carried back' and paid for, as soon as done with. LU. PR.

Orchestra; iii. 178. PR.

48. We are busily intent upon our unprofitable task.' SCH. cf. 20. M. i. 17 sq. R.

To sow seeds on the sands' and' to plow the seashore' were proverbs to express labour in vain.' E. quid arenæ semina mandas? non profecturis litora bubus aras; Ov. Her. v. 115 sq. SCH. cf. i. 157, note. M.

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49. Sterile,' i. e. without the prospect of any return for our trouble. 203. xii. 97. Mart. I. lxxvii. 14. X. xviii. 3. R. Vertere to turn,' versare to keep turning.'

50. If you try to draw off.' PR.
'Holds enchained.' cf. xiii. 239 sqq. R.

Vain-glorious;' ambitiosa paupertas; iii. 182. Liv. xlv. 36, 8. (GRO.) Quint. I ii. 22. (SPA.) R.

51. Custom,' which is second nature. seu stupor huic studio, sive est insania nomen; Ov. I Tr. xi. 11. PO.

52. The insatiate itch of scribbling

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