Torture without end

Still urges, and a fiery deluge, fed
With ever burning sulphur unconsum'd.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

Then murmuring from his beds, he boils, he raves,
And a foam whitens on the purple waves;
At every step, before Achilles stood

The crimson surge, and delug'd him with blood.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xxi. Upon this supposition there must have been infinite deluges already past: for if ever this Atheist admits of a first delage, he is in the same noose that he was.-Bentley, Ser.3.

And as when stormy winds encountering loud,
Burst with rude violence the bellowing cloud,
Precipitate to earth, the tempest pours

The vexing hailstones thick in sounding showers:
The delug'd plains then every ploughman flies,
And every hind and traveller shelter'd lies.

Hamilton. Virgil. Æneis, b. 10.

DE MAGOGUE. Gr. Aŋuaywyos, compounded of Anues, people, and uy-ew, to lead.

A leader of the people; applied to a factious or seditious leader. Milton considers the word as a novelty.

Who were the chief demagogues to send for those tumults, some alive are not ignorant. Setting aside the affrightment of this goblin word: for the king, by his leave cannot coin English, as he could money, to be current (and 'tis believ'd this wording was above his known stile and orthography, and causes the whole composure to be conscious of some other author.) Yet if the people were sent for, emboldened and directed by those demagogues, who, saving his Greek, were good patriots, and by his own confession men of some repute for parts and piety, it helps well to assure us there was both urgent cause, and the less danger of their coming. Milton. An Answer to Eikon Basilikė.

A plausible insignificant word in the mouth of an expert demagogue, is a dangerous and a dreadful weapon. South, vol. ii. Ser. 9. Hence Aristophanes, in banter, I suppose, of the predictions in Herodotus,-makes a pompous and ridiculous oracle, and uses the same foolish introduction, to persuade sausage-monger to set up for a demagogue and a ruler. Jortin. Remarks on Ecclesiastical History.

DEMA'IN, n.
DEM'EAN.

DEME'SNE.
DOMAIN.

The same word so variously written. (See DOMAIN.) Fr. Demain or domain; Lat. Dominium; from dominus,-perhaps, master of the house, (domus.) "Fr. Domaine,-a man's patrimony or inheritance, proper and hereditary possessions; those whereof he is the right or true lord or possessor, and absolute owner: also, an hereditary property in, and possession of land, &c." (Cotgrave.) For the more technical usages of the word, see Dominicum in Spelman, Gloss. Arch. And see also DEMEAN, infra.

The first of thise fiue was thorgh Romeyns,
That wan it of Casbalan into ther demeyns.

And for the woodes in demeines To kepe, tho ben Driades.

Consent at laste

Since that thou hast

My hart in thie demagne,

For service trew

On me to rewe,

And reche me love agayne.

R. Brunne, p. 7. Gower. Con. A. b. v.

Wyat. Of Loue.

For his [Alexander] own demain and possessions at home, as also of the crown revenues, he had bestowed the most part upon his friends and followers.

Holland. Plutarch, p. 1045. He also reuoked unto his hands certaine parcels of his demeane lands, which his father had giuen away. Holinshed. Stephan of Bullongne, an. 1154.

William also the Earle of Mortaigne, and Warren sonne of King Stephan, were compelled to surrender to King Henrie, the castell of Pemsey, the citie of Norwich, and other tounes, and castels which he held, apperteining to the demesne of the crowne.-Holinshed. Hen. II. an. 1115.

From demesnes, whose barren soil,
Ne'er produc'd the barley oil;
From all liars, and from those
Who write nonsence, verse or prose,
Libera nos, &c.

I bad him boldly tell his fortune past;
His present state, his lineage and his name;
Th' occasion of his fears, and whence he came.
The good Anchises rais'd him with his hand,
Who, thus encourag'd, answer'd our demand.

Dryden. Virgil. Eneid, bl

Or say, what difference, if we live confin'd
Within the bounds of nature's laws assign'd,
Whether a thousand acres of demesne,

Or one poor hundred, yield sufficient grain?

Francis. Horace, b. i. Sat. 1. Peleus with a willing heart Receiving; lov'd me as a father loves His only son, the son of his old age, Inheritor of all his large demesnes.

DEMAND, v. DEMAND, R.

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. ix. Fr. Démander; It. Domandare; Sp. Demandar, parum deflexo sensu, from the Lat. Demandare; de, and mandare, q. d. in manus dare; so Gr. Eyxeipišeiv, in manus dare, tradere, committere.

DEMA'NDABLE. DEMANDANT. DEMANDER.

As mandare, then, is to give, deliver or commit to the hands of another

To demand, is--to seek, ask or require, from the hands of another. And generally, to ask, to claim, to require.

"I not nout," quoth the king, "wat ower demande be." R. Gloucester, p. 500.

And me demaunded how and in what wise
I thither come, and what my errand was.

Chaucer. The Court of Loue.
But thise demaundes aske I first (quad he)
That sin it shal be don in hasty wise,
Wol ye assent, or elles you avise?

Id. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8224.

Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. ii. c. 2.

One penny, they allowed, was demandable every offeringday for a rent of forty shillings; but they contended no more was demandable if the rent should be forty times forty shillings.-Horsley. Speech. Stipends of London Incumbents.

It is proper to establish an invariable order in all payments; which will prevent partiality; which will give preference to services, not according to the importunity of the demandant, but the rank and order of their utility or their

justice.-Burke. On the Economical Reform.

DEMARCATION. Cotgrave has "Desmarquer; to take away the mark from; or, to put from his mark.” But, by usage, this word is equivalent to

A mark, a marking off, (sc.) of boundaries or limits.

The speculative line of demarcation, where obedience ought to end, and resistance must begin, is faint, obscure, and not easily definable.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

Still I fear the line of demarcation between spiritual and temporal, it may not always be easy to define. Horsley. Speech, May 13, 1805.

DEME'AN, v. Junius thinks that this DE'MEAN, n. word may be from the Fr. DEME ANAUNCE. Moyen; Lat. Modus, vel me. DEME ANURE. dium. Modus vel ratio deDEMEANING, N. center se gerendi in rebus gerendis. Skinner suggests other conjectures. Mr. Tyrwhitt interprets the verb Demaine, in Chaucer's Second Book of Fame, To manage: and the noun management. There are other passages in which the application seems precisely the same; and hence it admits a doubt whether this verb may not be formed upon the noun demain or domain (supra); and thus, to signify

To rule or have dominion over; to manage, to

how could he graunt to him the accion of the lande during his life, and in the second, if the plaintiffe had none interest how coulde he geue him daies of payment.

Hall. Hen. V. an. 8. And though the requeste was pitifull and they that made it familiar, and he to whom it was made, was the father, and the demaunder was the mother, and she for whom it was made was the douhter: the emperour granted it, but not without great displeasure.-Golden Boke, c. 33.

Hereof riseth a merrie tale of a Welshman, that lieng in this place abroad all night in the weather, and peraduenture not verie well occupied, was demanded of his hostesse (where

he did breake his fast the next morrow,) at what inne he laie in the night precedent, because he came so soone to hire house yer anie of hir maids were vp?

Holinshed. Description of Britaine, c. 14.

He must accustome himself to represse his tongue and take some pause, allowing a competent space of time between the demand and the answer; during which silence, both the demander may have while to bethink himself and add somewhat thereto, if he list, and also the demané time to think of an answer, and not let his tongue run before his wit.--Holland. Plutarch, p. 169.

In this case therefore the reward is not demandable, so much upon the account of the divine justice, as upon the account of the divine truth and fidelity. Hale. Cont. vol. i. The Great Audit. In a writ of right the tenant chose trial by battle, but when every thing was prepared and performed, at the day and place appointed for the battle, the demandants being solemnly called, made default, whereupon final judgment was given against them.-State Trials. D. Ramsay, an. 1631.

Fath. Sir, though I could be pleas'd to make my ills Only mine own, for grieving other men, Yet to so fair and courteous a demander That promises compassion, at worst pity, I will relate a little of my story.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Captain, Act ii. sc. 1.

If we seriously do weigh the case, we shall find, that to require faith without reason is to demand an impossibility; for faith is an effect of persuasion, and persuasion is nothing else but the application of some reason to the mind, apt to draw forth its assent.- Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 2.

manner of acting; and thus, to treat, to behave towards; to behave or deport. It is used by some writers as if they considered it to be from the adj. mean; thus

To act meanly; to debase, to disgrace.
Lo, is it not a great mischaunce
To let a foole haue gouernaunce
Of things that he cannot demaine.

Chaucer. House of Fame, b. ll,

Come on with me, demeane you liche a maid
With shamefast drede, for ye shal speke I wis
With her that is the myrrour, ioy, and blisse:
But somewhat strange, and sad of her demene
She is, beware your countenance be sene.

Id. The Court of Loue.

Who shai me yeven teres to complaine
The deth of gentillesse, and of fraunchise,
That all this world welded in his demaine,
And yet him thought it mighte not suffice!
Id. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,583.

As the first finder mente I am sure
C, for calot, for if we haue O

L for leude, D, for demenure.-Id. The Remedie of Loue.

I cannot report ne make no rehersaile
Of my demening, with the circumstaunce,

But wel I wot the speare with euery naile

Thirled my soule.-Id. The Lamen, of Marie Magdaleine.

He toke good hede of the person
And saw she was a worthy wight,
And thought he wolde vpon the night

Demene hir at his owne will.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii.

Neuer shal ther herafter [be a place] in which ther could anye man abide riche without the danger of eternal damnacion, euen for his riches alone, though he demened it neuer so wel.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1207.

Than they entreted with therle and with his counsel, and the erle who had many thynges to take hede of, bycause he knewe nat howe all the countre wolde be demeaned, therfore he toke them to mercy, and suffred them peasably to departs. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 228,

Of which their demenure, & that in these heresyes thei meane here no better than Luther doth hym self, I haue had good experience.-Id. Ib. p. 262.

Or which of them two do men set more by; and whither wil they thinke of most honest demeaner, her that they see either neuer, or but seldom, or her whome they meet in euery corner. Vives. Instruc. of a Chris. Woman, b. i. c. 16.

In this estate the thre squyers that were sende fro therle to se their demeanynge founde them. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, c. 399.

Cause have I none, quoth he, of canered will
To quite them ill, that me demean'd so well:
But self-regard of priuate good or ill,
Moues me of each.

Spenser. Colin Clout's come Home again.

That it will please his highness, that all merchants, as well denizens as strangers, coming into this realm, be well and honestly entreated and demeaned for such things whereof subsidy is granted, as they were in the time of the king's progenitors and predecessors, without oppression to them to be done.-State Trials. Great Case of Impositions, an. 1606.

1. If the king do not demean himself by reason in the right of his crown, his lieges be bound by oath to remove the king. Id. The Case of the Postnati, an. 1608.

Lady. Alas good Monsieur;

A was a proper man, and fair-demean'd,
A person worthy of a better temper.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Noble Gentleman, Act i. sc. 1. They answered with a sullen confidence, that they should demean themselves according to their instructions, and would perform the trust reposed in them by the two Houses of Parliament.-Clarendon." Civil War, vol. i. p. 518.

When thou hast all this done, then bring me newes
Of his demeane: thenceforth not like a louer,
But like a rebell stout I will him vse.

As if they landed in the mad haven in the Euxine Sea of Daphnis insana, which had a secret quality to dementate. Burton. Democritus. To the Reader, p. 75.

This heaviest judgment that ever fell upon a nation, extream misery, and extream fury, is, I confess, & moet direful sight, but withall a more inauspicious prognostick, a sound of a trumpet to that last more fatal day, with an ARISE thou dementate sinner and come to judgment. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 522.

As for dementation, sopition of reason and the diviner particle from drink, though American religion approve, and Pagan piety of old hath practised it, even at their sacrifices, Christian morality and the doctrine of Christ will not allow.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. v. c. 21.

I speak not here of men dementated with wine, or inchanted with some temptation: the thing holds true of men even in their sober and more considering seasons. Wollaston. Religion of Nature, s. 5. What! when we have not an ally, not a friend who wishes us well in all Europe, are we so dementated, so fitted for destruction, as to make an enemy of America also! Anecdotes of Bp. Watson, vol. ii. p. 375. Lat. Demergere, sum; (de,

DEMERGEmergere, to sink.)

DEME'RSE.

To sink down, to plunge down into.

I found the receiver severed from its cover, and the air breaking forth through the water in which it was demerged. Boyle. Works, vol. iv. p. 519. The receiver being erected, the mercury will again be stagnant in the bottom of the phial, and the orifice of the tube CC will be found demersed in it.-Id. Ib. vol. iv. p. 515.

DEMERIT, v. I Fr. Démérite; It. and Sp. DEME'RIT, n. Demerito; Lat. Demeritum, from demereri; Gr. Meip-ew, dividere, to divide, whence μep-os, part; and hence will come, merere, quia meritum fere partium est, sive labor, sive pretium spectetur, (Vossius.)

"Fr. Démérite,-desert, merit, deserving; also, the contrary, a disservice, demerit, misdeed, illcarriage, ill-deserving; (in which sense it is most Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 5. commonly used at this day.") Cotgrave.

The prince, according to the former token,
Which faire Serene to hem deliuered had,
Pursu'd him straight, in mind to been ywroken
Of all the vile demeane, and vsage bad,
With which he had those two so ill bestad.

Id. Ib. b. vi. c. 6.

Her name was Womanhood, that she exprest By her sad semblant and demeanure wise: For, stedfast still her eyes did fixed rest, Ne rov'd at random after gazers guise, Whose luring bayts oft-tymes doe heedlesse hearts entise. Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 10. Representing unto us the manners of strange nations, the laws and customs of old time, the particular affairs of men, their consultations and enterprises, the means they have used to compass them withall, and their demeaning of themselves when they were come to the highest or thrown down to the lowest degree of state. North. Plutarch. To the Reader.

But Gods like us have too much sense
At poets' flights to take offence:
Nor can hyperboles demean us;
Each drab has been compar'd to Venus.

Answer by Dr. Swift to Dr. Sheridan.

These she to strangers oftentimes would shew,
With grave demean and solemn vanity,
Then proudly claim as to her merit due,
The venerable praise and title of vertu.

West. On Travelling.

If by the simplicity of your unassuming demeanour, you can gain their favour and kindness, you may rest satisfied that you are modest enough, and that your head has been in no respect turned by your good fortune.

Smith. Moral Sentiments, pt. lii. c. 3.

DEMENT, v. DEMENTATE, v. DEMENTATE, adj. DEMENCY.

Sp. Dementar; Lat. Dementare; dementem facere, (Vossius.) De-mens, (de, and mens,) without mind. To deprive of the mind or senses; to be or cause to be mad, insane of understanding.

For he was thus demented and bewitched with these pestilent purswasions of his wicked rulers. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 5.

O abhomynable Papystes and minysters of Sathan, whych thus seke to demente the symple hartes of the people. Bale. Apology, fol. 80.

Vossius says, that to use demeritum for peccatum, is to recede from the purity of the Latin tongue; whether fault or the reverse is to be learned from

the context.

But she that coud so yll do and wolde,
Hers be the blame for her demerite.
Chaucer. The Remedie of Loue.

I haue nowe no more to dooe on yearthe. If I haue demerited any loue or thanke at your hands, bestowe it wholly on my sonne, whan I am gone from you. Udal. Preface vnto the King. For thus their obstinate rebellion against Christ demeriteth, this is a reward worthy their desertes. Id. Thessalonians, c. 2. And therefore these men, now prisoners at the bar, but answer to their offences, and receive according to their demerits; and first for their faults.

State Trials. Sir Richard Knightly, an. 1588. After a very fair and full trial he [Lord Macguire] was found guilty by the jury, upon a most pregnant evidence, and then condemned, executed as a traitour at Tyburn, as he well demerited.-Id, Lord Macguire, an. 1645.

The inhabitants of Rhodes are restored to their libertie, often taken from them, or confirmed, according as they had merited (meruerant) by seruice abroade, or demerited (deliquerant) by sedition at home. Greneway. Tacitus. Annales, p. 173. There is no father that for one demerit, Or two, or three, a sonne will disinherit: That as the last of punishments is meant; No man inflicts that pain till hope is spent.

B. Jonson. An Elegie. By the greatnesse of their power, by the number of their friends, and by many benefits and demerits whereby they obliged their adherents, [they] acquired this reputation. Holland. Plutarch, p. 1101.

But his deserts, I suppose, you will date from the same term that I do, his great demerits, that is, from the beginning of our iate calamities. Cowley. On the Government of Oliver Cromwell. cipals, and demerit a halter, if the repliant's opinion be law. They were all concerned, either as accessories or prin

State Trials. Second Vind, of the Magistracy, an. 1683. If the demerit of all sins be equal, there can then be no reason for the degrees of punishment in another world; but to deny that there are degrees of punishment there, is not only contrary to reason, but to our Saviour's express assertion, that some shall be beaten with many stripes and some with fewer, and that it shall be more tolerable for some in the day of judgment than for others.

Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 35.

The facility with which testimonia are signed by men of high characters in the universities, is certainly injurious to the cause of learning and virtue. It confounds the distinctions between merit and demerit. Knox. Liberal Education, s. 48. See DEMAIN.

DEME'SNE. DE'MI, or

Fr. Demi; Lat. Dimidium, half; DEMY, adj. pars dimidiati altera; i. e. per medium divisi; either part of that which is divided through the middle.

Demy, half, is very commonly prefixed.
DEMIGRATION.

Lat. De-migratio, from De-migrare. See MIGRATE, and EMIGRATE.

Are we so foolish, that whiles we may sweetly enjoy the settled estate of our primogeniture, we will needs bring upon ourselves the curse of Reuben, to runne abroad like water; whose qualitie it is, not easily to be kept within the proper bounds; yea, the curse of Cain, to put ourselves from the side of Eden, into the land of Nod, that is, of demigration Bp. Hall. A Censure of Travell, s. 22.

DEMISE, v. Fr. Démission, a demise, letDEMI'SE, n. fting, or demising. Lat. Demittere vel dimittere; dimittere autem pro relinquere vel donare testamento occurit apud Ælium Lamprid: Skinner,-to leave, give or bequeath by will or testament. To demise is

To dismiss or put away, (sc.) the possession; to part or depart, to decease; to part with (sc. to another); to transfer, to convey: and demise, n. isThe decease or departure. See the quotations from Blackstone.

The Stoick calls it επαγγελίαν ανθρωπου, the promise that every man makes, the obligation that he is bound in to nature at his shaping in the womb, and upon which condition his reasonable soul is at his own conception demised to him. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. Ser. 14.

Flatter my sorrow with report of it:
Tell me, what state, what dignity, what honor,
Canst thou demise to any childe of mine.

Shakespeare. Rich. III. Act iv sc. 4.

I conceive it ridiculous to make the condition of an indenture something that is necessarily annext to the possession of the demise.-Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 725.

Two days after she went to the parliament, which, to the great happiness of the nation, and to the advantage of her government, was now continued to sit, notwithstanding the king's demise, by the act that was made five years before, upon the discovery of the assassination plot. Burnet. Own Time. Q. Anne, an. 1702.

So tender is the law of supposing even a possibility of his death, that his natural dissolution is generally called his [king's] demise; demissio regis, vel corona: an expression which signifies merely a transfer of property; for, as is observed in Plowden, when we say the demise of the crown, we mean only that, in consequence of the disunion of the king's natural from his body politic, the kingdom is transferred or demised to his successor; and so the royal dignity remains perpetual.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 7.

DEMIT, v. DEMI'SS.

DEMI'SSION.

Lat. Demittere, demissum, to send, throw or cast down; (de, and mittere, to send.)

To drop or sink down; to submit, to depress, to humble.

Demission, in Holinshed,-a relinquishment or surrender. See DEMISE.

The occasion of this conceit, might first arise from a common observation, that when they [peacocks] are in their pride, that is, advance their train, if they decline their neck to the ground, they presently demit and let fall the same. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 27.

This said he, and soone after when he had put upon Julian his grandfather's purple, and declared him Cæsar with the joy of the armie: he speaketh unto him somewhat sad, and carrying a demisse and lowly looke. Holland. Ammianus, p. 44.

And I sweare vpon the holie euangelists here presentlie resignation, demission or yielding vp, nor neuer impugne with my hands touched, that I shall neuer repugne to this them in anie maner by word or deed, by myselfe nor non other.-Holinshed. Rich. II. an. 1399.

I shall instance in prostration as a lowlier and humbler act of bodily worship than kneeling is, and this is not affirmed to be particularly commanded and so voluntary, yet sure acceptable to God if it flow from that vehement zeal of spirit and dimission of mind, in confession and sense of sin, that I shall hope it doth.

Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 238.

The regiment of England is not a mere monarchy, as some for lack of consideration think; nor a mere oligarchy, nor democratie; but a mixed rule of all these. The image whereof, and not the image but the thing indeed is to be seen in the Parliament house, wherein you shall find these three estates, the king or queen, which representeth the monarchy; the noblemen, which be the aristocratie; and the burgesses and knights, the democratie.

Bp. Aylmer. Life by Strype, c. 13.

He that had seen Pericles lead the Athenians which way he listed, haply would have said he had been their prince; and yet he was but a powerful and eloquent man in a democracy, and had no more at any time than a temporary and elective sway, which was in the will of the people when to abrogate.-Milton. Prelatical Episcopacy.

Aristocratic gouernment,

Nor democratick pleasde,

But where to one man's emperie

Is monarchia seasde.-Warner. Albion's Eng. b.x. c.57.

For the people of Athens, when the Persians were chased out of Greece, did so highly value their own merits in that service, that they not only thought it fit for themselves to become the commanders over many towns and islands of the Greeks, but even within their own walls they would admit none other form of government than merely democratical-Ralegh. History of the World, b. iii. c. 7. s. 4.

The thing which those democraticals chiefly then aimed at, was to force the king to call a parliament, which he had not done for ten years before, as having no help, but hindrance to his designs in the parliaments he had formerly called.-Hobbs. Behemoth, pt. i.

It [government] was now shred into a democracy; and the stream of government being cut into many channels, run thin and shallow: whereupon the subject having many masters, every servant had so many distinct servitudes. South, vol. v. Ser. 2.

As though he would have all episcopacy abolished, and bring back into the church a democratical ataxy; yea, an ochlocracy, (i. e.) the government of the multitude; and would obtrude the Geneva discipline upon all churches. Strype. Life of Whitgift, an. 1593.

The political writers of antiquity will not allow more than three regular forms of government; the first, when the sovereign power is lodged in an aggregate assembly, consisting of all the free members of a community, which is called a democracy.-Blackstone. Commentaries, Introd. s. 2.

He [the emperour] endeavours to crush the aristocratick party, and to nourish one in avowed connexion with the most furious democratists in France.

Burke. Thoughts on French Affairs.

The frame of our commonwealth did not admit of such an actual election; but it provided as well, and (while the spirit of the constitution is preserved,) better for all the effects of it than by the method of suffrage in any democratick state whatever.-Id. On the present Discontents.

DEMO'LISH, v. DEMO'LISHER. DEMO'LISHING, n. DEMO'LISHMENT. DEMOLITION.

Fr. Démolir; Lat. Demoliri, molem dejicere; to cast down any mass, any pile or structure. And, generally

To destroy, to ruin, to dash or break to pieces. After this he [Jehu] surprised all the Priests of Baal by a subtilty, feigning a great sacrifice to their God, by which means he drew them together into one temple, where he slew them and ir the same zeal to God utterly demolished all the monuments of that impiety.

Ralegh. History of the World, b. ii. c. 20. s. 2. The demolishers of them can give the clearest account, how the plucking down of churches conduceth to the setting up of religion.-Fuller. Worthies. Exeter.

By the passing of this bill, so many persons in both houses would be fully satisfied, that they would join in no further alteration; but, on the other hand, if they were crossed in this, they would violently endeavour an extirpation of bishops, and a demolishing of the whole fabrick of the church.

Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. p. 427.

You have found me merciful in arguing with you,
Swords, hangmen, fires, destructions of all natures,
Demolishments of kingdoms, and whole ruines
Are wont to be my orators.

Beaum. & Fletch. The False One, Act ii. sc. 1.

And so in the end, the glory of this temple, set up after Antichrist's demolishment, will yet be rendered more glorious (as that of Zerubbabel's also was) by Christ's coming into it. Goodwin. Works, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 143.

So Theodoret tells us, that in demolishing the temples at Alexandria, the Christians found hollow statues fixed to the walls, into which the priests used to enter, and thence deliver oracles.-Jortin. Remarks on Ecclesiastical History.

On their coming into administration, they found the demolition of Dunkirk entirely at a stand instead of demolition, they found construction; for the French were then at work on the repairs of the jettees.

Burke. Observations on a late State of the Nation. DE'MON. See DÆMON. DEMONSTRATE, v. DEMONSTRATION. DEMONSTRATING, n. DEMONSTRATIVE. DEMONSTRATIVELY. DEMONSTRATIVENESS. DEMONSTRATOR. DEMONSTRAble. DEMONSTRABLY. DEMONSTRABLENESS. DEMONSTRANCE.

Fr. Démonstrer; Sp. Demonstrar; It. Dimostrare; Lat. De-monstrare; from Monere, to call to mind; to call the attention to. And thus, to demonstrate,

To show, to exhibit; to present to the senses, to the mind, the understanding; to make manifest, clear, plain; to prove. See the quotation from Locke.

I would (said Reason) thee lere
Sith thou to learne hast soch desire,
And shew thee withouten fable

A thing that is not demonstrable.-Chaucer. R. of the R. Thou thy selfe art he, to whom it hath been shewed, and preued by ful many demonstrations, as I wotte well, that the soules of men, ne mowen not dien in no wise. Id. Boecius, b. ii.

And ye shull seen, up peril of my lif,
By veray preef that is demonstratif.

Id. The Sompnoures Tale, v. 7854. He maketh his calculacions, He maketh his demonstrations. Gower. Con. A. b. vi. Now come we to yt special point wherin Tindall gyueth vs a glorius demonstration of hys excellent highe witte and learning, farre surmounting the capacitie of poore popishe men to perceiue, howe it might be possible that any mã sinneth not, and yet for all that sinneth alwaye styll.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 538. The oration demonstratiue standeth either in praise or dispraise of some one man, or some one thing, or some one deed doen.-Wilson. The Arte of Rhetorique, p. 11.

In other things we have been willing so far to descend to the desires of our good subjects, as might fully satisfy all moderate minds, and free from all just fears and jealousies which those messages, which we have hitherto sent unto the commons house, will well demonstrate unto the world.

State Trials, an. 1628. Letter from the King.

But this law which Thomas Aquinas calleth An Act of Reason taken properly, and not a habit, as it is an evident natural judgment of practic reason: they divide into indemonstrable, or needing no demonstration, (as that good is to be followed, and evil to be eschewed;) and demonstrable, which is evidently proved, out of higher and more universal propositions.-Ralegh, History of the World, b. ii. c. 4. s. 6.

I answer, that seducement is to be hinder'd by fit and proper means ordain'd in church discipline, by instant and powerful demonstration to the contrary; by opposing truth to error, no unequal match; truth the strong, to error the weak, though sly and shifting.

Milton. Of Civil Power in Ecclesiastical Causes. My reason hereof is convincing and demonstrative; because nothing is necessary to be believed, but what is plainly revealed.-Chillingworth. Rel. of Protestants, pt. i. c. 2. You commend humility, as the great and sovereign antidote against pride, the common disturber of mankind; and certainly what you say is demonstratively true, if all the world could be persuaded to it; but this never was nor can be expected.-Hale. Cont. vol. i. Of Humility.

And to this, I that did not really adhere to that, will not be so far concerned in it, as to make any reply, or at all to endeavour to defend it, or to add of it farther than this, that the bare possibility that it might so signifie supersedes all demonstrativeness of proof from this text for the criminousness of will-worship.

Hammond. Works, vol. ii. pt. iv. p. 178.

Here sure 'tis evident, that the truth of the minor is taken as confess'd, and then I am not to have so mean an opinion of the demonstratour's skill, that he will impertinently attempt to prove, what he takes for confess'd.

1

Not that I covet any of your dross,

But that the power of this art may be
More demonstrably evident, leave in
My hands all but some smaller sum, to set
Something to stake at first.

Cartwright. The Ordinary, Act ii. sc. 3.

He is to beseech them, yea, and to persuade with them particularly one by another, by good reasons and demonstrances of how many calamities peevish obstinacy is the cause.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 303.

Whether therefore the being and attributes of God can be demonstrated, or not; it must at least be confess'd by all rational and wise men, to be a thing very desirable, and which they would heartily wish to be true, that there was a God, an intelligent and wise, a just and good being to govern the world. Clarke. On the Attributes, Introd.

Those intervening ideas which serve to shew the agree ment of any two others, are call'd proofs; and where the agreement or disagreement is by this means plainly and clearly perceiv'd, it is call'd demonstration, it being shewn to the understanding, and the mind made to see that it is so. Locke. Of Hum. Understanding, b. iv. c. 2. s. 3.

As the proving of these two things will overthrow all atheism, so it will likewise lay a clear foundation, for the demonstrating of a Deity distinct from the corporeal world. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 145.

Eloquent men do never more exceed in their indulgence to fancy, than in the demonstrative kind, in panegyricks, in their commendations of persons.

Barrow. On the Pope's Supremacy.

Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle in some measure, had a knowledge of these principles; but I pretend to have established them demonstratively in my Theodicæa, though I have done it in a popular manner.

Clarke & Leibnitz. Leibnitz's Second Paper, p. 21. The demonstrator confounds in it two contrary propositions; and sliding, insensibly to many readers, from that which no reasonable man can admit into that which every reasonable man must admit, he means nothing by a pomp of words, or he means to make the proofs of the latter pass for proofs of the former.

Bolingbroke. Fragments or Minutes of Essays. Qu. 43. Whether an algebraist, fluxionist, geometrician, or demonstrator of any kind can expect indulgence for obscure principles or incorrect reasonings?-Berkeley. Analyst. The being of a God is not mathematically demonstrable, nor can it be expected it should, because only mathema tical matters admit of this kind of evidence. Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 1. And now, consequently, he must of necessity affirm all the conclusions, which I have before shown to follow demonstrably from that opinion. Clarke. On the Attributes, Prop. 3.

For these reasons (I say) 'tis very fit, that notwithstanding the natural demonstrableness both of the obligations and motives of morality, yet considering the manifest corruptness of the present estate which humane nature is in, the generality of men should not be left wholly to the workings of their own minds, to the use of their natural faculties, and to the bare convictions of their own reason.

Id. On Natural and Revealed Religion, Prop. 5.

May no storm ever come, which will put the firmness of their attachment to the proof; and which in the midst of confusions, and terrours, and sufferings, may demonstrate the eternal difference between a true and severe friend to the monarchy, and a slippery sycophant of the court.

Burke. On the Cause of the present Discontents.

But nothing can be more demonstrative evidence of their ingenuity than the construction and make of their canoes, which, in point of neatness and workmanship, exceed every thing of this kind we saw in this sca.

Cook. Voyage, vol. iii. b. ii. c. 3.

Virtue, according to Plato, might be considered as a species of science, and no man, he thought, could see clearly and demonstratively, what was right and what was wrong, and not act accordingly.

Smith. Moral Sentiments, pt. vii. 8. 2.

It is to be attributed to the early intellectual habits of some among the students in theology who receive holy orders, without having had time to attend closely to any thing but mathematics, that they are willing to assent to nothing but what is nearly demonstrable, and explain away every thing mysterious or irreconcilable to their preconceived notions of truth and rectitude.

Knox. On the Lord's Supper, s. 20.

Which demonstrably proved that he and his religion had a divine original, and that therefore the sufferings they underwent for his sake in the present life would be amply repaid by the glorious rewards reserved for them hereafter.

DEMULCE. DEMULCENT, adj. DEMULSA'TION. DEMULSION.

Porteus, vol. i. Lect. 5. Lat. Demulcere, (de, and mulc-ere, to soften,) A. S. Milesc-ian.

To soften, to soothe, to

Jupyter was coueyed into Phrigia, where Saturne also pursuyng hym, Rhea semblably taught the people there, called Coribantes, to dãce in another fourme: where with Saturne was eftsones demulced and appaised.

Sir T. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 20.

And this grave incomparable Solomon, though he could precept the erring world against all the seducing crafts of women, yet we see he could not save himself from being entangled by their demulceations. Feltham. On St. Luke, xiv. 20.

It is to be considered, from whence it comes to pass, tnat wise men, and mostly such, should chuse goodness and virtue with affliction, and the burthens of unpleasing accidents; rather than vice garlanded with all the soft demulsions of a present contentment.-Id. pt. ii. Res. 57.

DEMU'R, v. DEMU'R, n.

There are other substances, which are opposite to both sorts of acrimony, which are called demulcent or mild, because they blunt or sharpen salts. Arbuthnot. On Aliments, c. 5. Also written Demour. Fr. Démeurer, démourer; It. Dimorare; Lat. Demorari; de, and morari, from mora, delay; and this from Gr. Meip-eiv, dividere quia morantes tempus intervallis trahunt ac dividunt, (Vossius.)

DEMU'RRER.

DEMU'RRAGE.

DEMO'RANCE.

To abide, to remain, to tarry or retard; to stay, linger, stand long on; to dwell upon, to pause, to hesitate. See the quotation from Blackstone.

And in this question, if the parties demurred in our iudge met we might ask aduyse further of learned me & judges. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 215. The man is a very foole to make his demoraunce vpon such an olde wife.-Škelton. The Boke of Three Fooles. And the sa de Peloponesyans demoured in the land.

Nicoll. Thucidides, fol. 72.

And hauyng made one assaulte vpon the campe of the Athenyans, though they had not had the worst, yet durst they not demoure nor abyde vpon the campe.-Id. Ib. fol. 73.

And therefore as soone as the storme began to asswage of his fury (which was a long half hour) willing to give his men no longer leisure to demurre of those doubts, nor yet allow the enemy farther respite to gather themselves together, he stept forward. Sir Francis Drake Revived, p. 15.

Plot. Sister, 'tis so projected, therefore make No more demurs; the life of both our fortunes Lies in your carriage of things well.

Mayne. The City Match, Act iv. sc. 2.

Most Serene King,-Whereas there is a considerable sum of money owing from certain Portugal merchants of the Brazil company to several English merchants, upon the account of freightage and demorage, in the yeers 1649 and 1650.

Milton. Cromwel to K. of Portugal.

Notwithstanding he hoped that matters would have been long since brought to an issue, the fair one still demurrs. I am so well pleased with this gentleman's phrase, that I shall distinguish this sect of women by the title of demurrers. Spectator, No. 89.

[A demurrer] denies that by the law arising upon these facts, any injury is done to the plaintiff, or that the defendant has made out a legitimate excuse; according to the party which first demurs, demoratur, rests or abides upon the point in question.-Blackstone. Comment, b. iii. c. 31.

The ship was delayed, at a demurrage of an hundred dollars a day, for upwards of three months, waiting in vain for a better market.

Burke. Articles of Charge against Warren Hastings. DEMU'RE, adj. De bon mœurs ; one of DEMU'RELY. good manners, (Minshew.) DEMU'RENESS. This, Junius thinks, is trifling; and prefers Casaubon's derivation from Gr.Oeuepos, grave, honest. Skinner thinks, from des mœurs, as we now say, over mannerly, — molestè, superstitiose modestus; but, by our old writers, it is used without any subaudition of such excess.

Attentive to, observant or regardful of, manners or morals; now frequently with a sub. ofaffectation. Thus the verb in ShakespeareTo regard or look upon with affected modesty. When this lady had heard all this läguage She gaue answere, ful softe and demurely Without chaunging of colour or courage.

Chaucer. La belle Dame sans Mercie.

In this apparell she goynge betwene the Erle of Ouersteyne & the Graunde Master Hostoden, which had the conduyte & ordre of the performaunce of maryage, with inost demure countynaunce & sad behaviour, passed through the king's chaumbre.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 31.

And it is a world to see how demurely & sadly some sit, beholding them that dance, and with what gesture, pase, and mouing of the body, & with what sober footynge some of them dance.-Vives. Instruc. of a Chris. Woman, b. i. c. 13.

After that Gabriel had al thys sayed, the maiden made answer in fewe wordes, but wordes of suche sorte, as might be a witnesse of exceeding great demurenesse in hir, coupled with passing great affiaunce and zele towardes God. Udal. Luke, c. 1. I am safe; Your wife, Octauia, with her modest eyes, And still conclusion, shall acquire no honour Demuring upon me.

Shakespeare. Antony & Cleopatra, Act iv. sc. 13.

Lo two most goodly virgins came in place,
Ynlinked arme in arme in louely wise,

With countenance demure, and modest grace,
They numbred euen steps, and equall pase.

Decem, decenus, denus, denarius.
DENARY. Fr. Dénaire; Lat. Denarius, ten.

A denarius, a Roman silver coin marked with the letter X, valued at ten asses or ten pounds o brass, 74d. English.

But that seruaunte beeyng nowe free and at libertie as Boone as he was gone out of his maister's sight, met by chaunce with one of his felowe seruauntes which aught hym a lytle money: that is, an hundreth denaries, or pieces of syluer coyne.-Udal. Matthew, c. 19.

This prince therefore hauing made the generall partition of his kingdom into shires, or shares, he divided againe the same into lathes, as lathes into hundreds, and hundreds into tithings, or denaries, as diuers haue written.

Holinshed. Description of England, c. 4.

In the early times of Rome, the price of a sheep was a denarius, or eight pence, and the price of an ox, ten times as Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 10. much.-Priestley. Lectures on History, pt. iii. Lect. 15.

Give me
My gallant prentice! he parts with his money
So civilly, and demurely, keeps no account
Of his expenses, and comes ever furnish'd.

Massinger. The City Madam, Act iii. sc. 1. And though the maids did shew themselves thus naked openly, yet was there no dishonesty seen or offered, but all this sport was full of plays and toys without any youthfull part or wantonness; and rather carried a shew of demureness and a desire to have their best-made bodies seen and spyed.-North. Plutarch, p. 40.

So cat transform'd sat gravely and demure,
Till mouse appear'd, and thought himself secure,
But soon the lady had him in her eye,
And from her friend did just as oddly fly.

Dryden. An Essay upon Satire.

'Tis true, they proclaim'd themselves poets by sound of trumpet, and poets they were upon pain of death to any man who durst call them otherwise. The audience had a fine time on't, you may imagine; they sate in a bodily fear, and look'd as demurely as they could: For 'twas a hanging matter to laugh unseasonably.-Id. Preface to All for Love.

'Twas on a lofty vase's side,

Where China's gayest art had dy'd
The azure flowers that blow;
Demurest of the tabby kind,
The pensive Selima reclin'd,
Gaz'd on the lake below.

Gray. On the Death of a favourite Cat. Under a serious deportment, and the demureness of religion, still we see such a constant attention to worldly happiness-so much anxiety about worldly good-so much fear and distress about worldly evil, that it is beyond the power of charity to suppose this heavenly secret is perfectly discovered even here.-Gilpin, vol. ii. Ser. 36.

DEN, v. A. S. Den, vallis, a valley, a vale, DEN, n. a dale; it. Cubile, a couch, a den. Somner, who adds, Also

vated, suited for feeding swine and cattle.-The A pathless place, woody, rugged, and uncultiword may probably be akin to Down, (qv.)

Den is a frequent termination in English names of places, and always implies a situation in a valley. Good den is a corruption of Good even, (Good e'en, Gooden.)

She dorst the wilde beastes dennes seke,
And rennen in the mountaignes all the night,
And slepe under the bush.

Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,269.
And when the hande of the Medianites was sore vpon
Israel, the childre of Israel made them dennes in the moun-
taynes and caues and stronge holdes.
Bible, 1551. Judges, c. 6.
This cave fashion'd
By provident nature, in this solid rock
To be a den for beasts, alone, receives me,
And having prov'd an enemy to mankind,
All humane helps forsake me.

DENA'Y, v. Deny, (qv.) anciently so written. DENA'Y, n. Fr. Dénier; Sp. Denegar; Lat. Denegare; (de, ne, and agere, q. d.) Be it not. Let it not be done.

The Grecian king had not
The powre for to denay,

His owne deare childe, and sonne in lawe
The thing that both did pray.

Gascoigne. The Complaint of Phylomene. Amonges other of his tyranyes, he asked a great sume of money of Seynt Edmundes landes, whiche the rulers denayed; for so moche as they claymed to be free of all kynges trybute.-Fabyan, vol. i. c. 200.

Thus was the noble heart long time betwixt
Feare and remorse, not granting nor denaying;
Vpon his eyes the dame her lookings fixt,
"As if her life and death lay on his saying.

Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. iv a. 67.
-Nor

Was libertie denayde

Of hawking, hunting, and disports:
That, had she been content,
Her merriest and securest daies,

A prisoner she spent.

Warner. Albion's England, b. ix. c. 55. Of mild denaies, of tender scornes, of sweet Repulses, war, peace, hope, despaire, ioy, feare, Of smiles, iests, mirth, woe, griefe, and sad regreet. Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. xvi. s. 25. Lat. Denegare, atum, to

DENEGATION. deny. And see DENAY.

A refusal, a denial.

He speaketh another language to all the world in deeds, tice, as we be inforced and compelled to vse the sword, and thereby so toucheth vs in honour and denegation of iuswhich God hath put in our hands as an extreme remedie, whereby to obtaine both quietnesse for our subiects, and also that is due to vs by right, pacts, and leagues.

Holinshed. Scotland, an. 1542.

Sore did they assault me and craftily tempt me to their wicked waies, or at least to a denegation of my faith and true opinions, though it were but by colour and dissimulation.-Fox. Martyrs, p. 8677. Let. of T. Whittel to J. Carles.

Lat. Denigrate, atum. Niger, from the Gr. Ne

DENIGRATE, v.
DENIGRATION.
DE'NIGRATOR.
(Vossius.) Fr. Dénigrer-

To blacken, to smear with black.

For first, if we derive the curse on Cham, or in general upon his posterity, we shall denigrate a greater part of the earth than was ever so conceived.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. vi. c. 11. We shall emperically and sensiblie discourse hereof; deducing the causes of blacknesse from such originals in nature, as we do generally observe things are denigrated by art.-Id. Ib. b. vi. c. 12.

These are the advenient and artificial wayes of denigration,

Beaum. & Fletch. The Knight of Malta, Act iv. sc. 1. answerably whereto may be the natural progress.-Ïd. Ib.

Twice had Diana bent her golden bow,
And shot from heav'n her silver shafts, to rouse
The sluggish salvages, that den below.

G. Fletcher. Christ's Triumph on Earth.
See, from afar, yon rock that meets the sky;
About whose feet such heaps of rubbish lye:
Such indigested ruin; bleak and bare,
How desert now it stands, expos'd in air!
'Twas once a robber's den; inclos'd around
With living stone, and deep beneath the ground.
Dryden. Virgil. Æneid, b. viii.

The most usual method of taking this animal is while a cub, and incapable of resistance. The place near the den of the lioness is general well known by the greatness of her depredations on that occasion; the natives, therefore, watch the time of her absence, and, aided by a swift horse, carry off the cubs.-Goldsmith. Animated Nature. The Lion.