ENFORCE

ENFORM

That God, who Jacob's rule upholds,
Rules all, all-bearing earth enfolds.

Sir P. Sidney. Psalm 69.

A wounded dragon vnder him did lie,
Whose hideous tail his left foot did enfold,
And with a shaft was shot through either eye,
That no man forth might drawe, ne no man remedy.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, book iii. can. 11.
Noble Banquo,

Thou hast no lesse deseru'd, nor must be knowne
No less to haue done so let me enfold thee,
And hold thee to my heart.

Shakspeare. Macbeth, fol. 133.
SHEP. Are you a Courtier, and 't like you, sir?
ANT. Whether it like me, or no, I am a Courtier. Seest thou
not the ayre of the Court in these enfoldings.

Id. Winter's Tale, fol. 297.

The holy Jesus made a whip of cords to represent and to chastise the implications and enfoldings of synne and the cords of vanity.

J. Taylor. The Great Exemplar, part ii. sec. 3. fol. 235.

Around this world a waxen vault extends,
And wide like yon enfolding concave bends;
Magnific cupola; on either hand,
Unfolded, two mysterious portals stand,
Emblems of human life.

ENFO'RCE, v. " ENFORCE, n.

Brookes. Universal Beauty, book vi. 1. 230. En, and force, q. v. Fr. forcer; It. forzare; Sp. forzar, from the Lat. fortis, strong, q. d. (says Skinner,) fortiare.

ENFORCEDLY,

ENFORCEMENT, ENFORCER.

"Fr. enforcer to enforce, confirm, strengthen, add power, apply force, give strength unto." Cotgrave.

To do, or try, or attempt to do, with force or strength; with violence; to compell; to give force or strength to, to give energy, power, weight or authority.

He also enforside to defoule the temple, whom also we tooken and wolden deme after our lawe.

Wiclif. The Dedes of the Apostlis, ch. xxiv.

And whanne the schip was rauyschid and myghte not enforse aghens the wynd, whanne the schip was ghouun to the blowingis of the wynd we weren borun with cours into an yle that is clepid Canda. Id. Ib. ch. xxvii.

And yet, with sorwe, thou enforcest thee,
And sayest thise wordes in the apostle's name.
Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5922.

For Salomon saith, Ther as thou ne mayst have non audience, enforce thee not to speke.

Id. The Tale of Melibeus, vol. ii. p. 78.

So haue I enforsed myselfe to preache the gospell, not where Christe was named, lest I shoulde haue bylte on another man's foundacion.

Bible, (1551) Romanes, ch. xv.

And so muche the rather, that they offer themselues to stand to iudgemente, by whyche thair doinge, we may not reasonably go agaynste them, as outragious & enforcers.

Nicolls. Thucydides, fol. 32. Suche a newe herte and lusty corage vnto the lawe warde, canste thou neuer come by of thyne owne strength and enforcement, but by the operacion and workinge of the spirite.

Udall. Prologue to the Romaynes.

Feare gave her winges, and rage enforst my flight;
Through woods and plaines so long I did her chace
Till this mad man, whom your victorious might
Hath now fast bound, me met in middle space.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, book ii. can. 4.
-Let them assemble;
And, on a safer judgment, all reuoke
Your ignorant election enforce his pride,
And his old hate vnto you.

SICI.

Shakspeare. Coriolanus, fol. 13.

BAS. Portia, forgive me this enforced wrong,
And in the hearing of so many friends

I swear to thee, euen by thine owne faire eyes
Wherein I see myself-

Shakspeare. Merchant of Venice, fol. 184.

These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant
Though by his blindness maim'd for high attempts,
Who now defies thee thrice to single fight;
As a petty enterprise of small enforce.

Milton. Samson Agonistes, v. 1223.

APE. If thou didst put this soure cold habit on
To castigate thy pride, 'twere well: but thou
Dost it enforcedly: thou'dst Courtier be againe
Wert thou not beggar.

Shakspeare. Timon of Athens, fol. 92.
With my soveraignes leave
I'll wed thee to this man, will be, nill he.
PHIL. Pardon me, sir, I'll be no love enforcer :
I use no power of mine unto those ends.
Beaumont and Fletcher. The Maid of the Mill.
More than I haue said, louing countrymen,

The leisure and inforcement of the time
Forbids to dwell upon.

Shakspeare.

Richard III. fol. 209

If good and evil, right and wrong, fitness and unfitness of being practised, be (as has been shown) originally, eternally and necessarily, in the nature of things themselves; 'tis plain that the view of particular rewards or punishments, which is only an after-consideration, and does not at all alter the course of things, cannot be the original cause of the obliga

tion of the law, but is only an additional weight to enforce the

practice of what men were before obliged to by right reason.

Clarke. On the Attributes, p. 220.

Our gospel-scribe or preacher, in the entertainment of his spiritual guests, is not always to set before them, only the main substantials of religion, whether for belief, or practice, but as the matter shall require, to add also illustration to the one, and enforcement to the other, sometimes persuading, sometimes terrifying.

South. Sermons, vol. iv. p. 11.

Here by a set of men 'tis thought,
A scheme, by politicians wrought,
To strengthen and enforce the law,
And keep the vulgar more in awe.

Dodsley. Religion, a Simile.
Were my friend
Less than he is, among the satraps least,
At my enforcement shall the king unite
Their nuptial hands.

Glover The Athenaid, book xx.

ENFORM, i. e. to form, frame, or fashion. Fr. enformer.

po messengers camen, he conseil þat he ches
Bifor R. alle samen, and enformed his pes.

R. Brunne, p. 163

He knew the diuerse went of mortall waies, And in the mindes of men had great insight; Which, with sage counsell, when they went astray, He could enforme, and them reduce aright, And al the passions heale, which woud the weaker spright. Spenser. Faerie Queene, book vi. can. 6. sec. 3. ENFO'RM, Now commonly written Inform, ENFORMATION. q. v. En, and form, q. v. Sq. Fr. enformer; It. informare; Sp. informar; Low Lat. informare; a word indeed (says Skinner) entirely unknown to classic authors, yet truly elegant.

To represent to, and impress upon the mind or intellect of another, the form or idea of any thing. To give or convey ideas; to convey or communicate

For, as sayth the philosophere, a man is a quick thing, by nature debonaire, and treatable to goodnesse: but whan debonairtee is enformed of grace then it is the more worth.

8614.

Chaucer. The Persones Tale, vol. ii. p. 340.
When that his doughter twelve yere was of age,
He to the court of Rome, in subtile wise
Enformed of his will, sent his message.
Id. The Clerkes Tale, v.
Enformed whan the king was of the knight,
And hath conceived in his wit aright
The maner and the forme of all this thing,
Full glad and blith, this noble doughty king
Repaireth to his revel, as beforne.

Id. The Squieres Tale, v. 10649. For thou wer wont to hurtelen and dispisen her with many words, wha she was blandishing and present, and pursudest her with sentences that were drawen out of mine entre, that is to say, of mine enformation. Id. The second Booke of Boecius, fol. 215. And to the kynge knelende he tolde, As he enformed was to fore.

Gower. Conf. Am. book i. fol. 26.

And for thyn enformacion,
That thou this vice (as I the rede)
Eschewe shalte a tale I rede.

Of setled goodnesse! Who shall henceforth stand
A pure example to enforme the land
Of her loose riot?

Habington. On the Death of the Earle of S. ENFORRESTED, en, and forrest, q. v. See also DISAFFOREST, ante.

To make or turn into forest; to invest with the exclusive privileges of forest.

Let me add, that Henry the VIIIth enforrested the grounds thereabouts, (the last of that kind. in England,) though they never attained the full reputation of a forrest in common disFuller. Worthies. Middlesex.

course.

But when he saw his love, his youth's fair foe,
He held such petty bondage in disdain ;
Throwing the base thong from his bending crest,
Enfranchising his mouth, his back, his breast.

Shakspeare. Venus and Adonis.
Alas! and must it be
That love, which thus torments and troubles me
In settling it, so small advice hath lent
To make me captive, where enfranchisement
Cannot be gotten.

Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, book i. Such illustrious and noble geniuses were Cosmo di Medices, Frances the First, Carlo Borromeo, and others, who built or appointed for them stately apartments even in their own palaces, and under the same roofe; procuring models, and endowing them with charters, enfranchisements, and ample honoraries.

Evelyn. Miscellaneous Writings, p. 317.

Now as concerning the multitude, so augmented by the enfranchising of slaves: as touching the land also, parted and distributed among the poor and needie, I can maintaine and justify my doings herein, and protect me under the defence and priviledge of the very time. Holland. Livius, fol. 870.

Within the silent shades of soft repose,
Where Fancy's boundless stream for ever flows;
Where the enfranchis'd soul at ease can play
Tir'd with the toilsome business of the day.

Duke of Buckinghamshire. The Vision.

O Freedom! first delight of human kind!
Not that which bondmen from their masters find,
The privilege of doles: nor yet t' inscribe
Their names in this or t' other Roman tribe;
That false enfranchisement with ease is found:
Slaves are made Citizens, by turning round.

Dryden. Persius. Satire 3.

The Provincials flocked in; even slaves were no sooner enfranchised than they were advanced to the highest posts; and the plan of comprehension, which had overturned the Republick strengthened the Monarchy.

Burke. An Abridgement of English History.

He holds an estate under certain cities in your government, of which he is desirous to procure the enfranchisement; and I am persuaded he may easily obtain his point by the intervention of your good offices.

Melmoth. Marcus Cælius to Cicero, Letter 24

PAR. His purpose meets you; it was to bring this Greek To Calchas' house; and there to render him, For the enfreed Anthenor, the fair Cressid. Shakspeare. Troilus and Cressida, fol. 94. ARM. By my sweete soule I meane, setting thee at libertie, enfreedoming thy person. Id. Love's Labour Lost.

ENFROZEN, en, and freeze, q. v. gelare, to congeal.

A. S. frys-an,

Met. to chill; to render insensible. Yet to augment the anguish of my smart, Thou hast enfrozened her disdainfull brest, That no one drop of pittie there doth rest. Spenser. An Hymn in Honour of Love. ENGA'GE, En, and gage, q. v. Fr. engager ; ENGAGEMENT. It. ingaggiare. Gage, Tooke derives from the A. S. cægg-ian, obserare, and explains, "that by which a man is bound to certain fulfilments." ii. 375. To engage, is

3 z

To bind or pledge, sc. to certain fulfilments; to fulfil or perform certain promises or conditions; to stake, to hazard; to undertake to do, to embark in, to occupy or employ, to be busy in, to be (busily, earnestly, zealously) occupied or employed, (sc. in a conflict, a battle;) to bind, attach, enlist.

The queen perceiving in what case she stood,
To loose her minion, or engage her state;
After with long contention in her blood,
(Love and ambition did the cause debate)
She yields to pride.

Daniel. History of the Civil Wars, book v.
Or consume,

In prodigal and wanton gifts on drones,
The Kingdom's treasure, yet detain from us
The debt that with the hazard of our lives,
We have made you stand engaged for.

Massinger. The Unnatural Combat.
Portia go in awhile,
And by and by thy bosome shall partake
The secrets of my heart,
All my engagements I will construe to thee.

Shakspeare. Julius Cæsar, fol. 116.

And here again, in the opinion of many judicious persons, we lost, as at Edge-hill before, a favourable opportunity of engaging the enemy with great advantage; our numbers exceeding theirs, and their reputation being utterly lost in the last attempt Lullow. Memoirs, vol. i. p. 47.

The king objected, that the rendezvous being appointed for the next week, he was not willing to quit the army till that was passed; because if the superior officers prevailed, they would be able to make good their engagement; if not, they must apply themselves to him for their own security. Id. Ib. p. 186, So that we see, how powerfull soever the motives to vertue are; how great soever the engagements against sin; yet the apostle thought it needfull to give them warning against the deceitfulness of sin. Stillingfleet. Sermon 3. vol. ii Important is the moral we would teach ; Oh may this island practice what we preach! Vice in its first approach with care to shun; The wretch, who once engages, is undone.

Mallet. Prologue to Mr. Thomson's Agamemnon.

The battle proved decisive in favour of the house of York, and in consequence of it, Edward was, in June, 1461, crowned King of England, &c. There were killed in this engagement 36,776 men. Fawkes. Braham Park, note 8.

ENGALLANT, en, and gallant, q. v. Fr. galant; Sp. galano; It. galante.

To make a gallant, a fine fellow.

I would have you direct all your courtship thither; if you could but endeare yourself to her affection you were eternally engallanted.

Ben Jonson. Cynthia's Revells, act iv. sc. 3.

ENGAOL, en, and gaol, q. v. 'also written Jail, q. v. Fr. gaiole, geole, a cage, sc. for birds, and thence, says Minshew, transferred to a prison. From the Lat. caveola. Skinner.

To imprison, to confine.

Thinner than burnt aire flies this soule, and she,
Whom four new coming, and four parting suns
Had found, and left the mandrake's tenant, runs
Thoughtlesse of change, when her firm destiny
Confin'd, and enjail'd her, that seem'd so free,
Into a small blew shell.

Donne. The Progress of the Soul, st. 18.
Within my mouth you haue engaol'd my tongue.
Shakspeare Richard II. fol. 26.
ENGARBOIL, en, and garboil, q. v. Fr. garbouille;
It. garbuglio, q. granboglio, says Minshew, magna

ebullitio; and Henshaw, garbouille, grand bouille. A ENGARgreat bubbling or confusion.

To confuse or confound, to throw into disorder, to disturb.

It is strange, that for wishing, advising, and in his owne particular using and ensuing that moderation, thereby not to engarboile the church, and disturb the course of piety, he should so, by you and yours, bee blamed, accused, and traduced for a papist and an Arminian.

Fr. gar

Mountague. Appeale to Cæsar, ch. ix. ENGARRISON, en, and garrison, q. v. nison, from garnir ; to garnish, perhaps from A. S. gearwian, to make ready, to prepare.

To prepare, provide or furnish, sc. with military stores, with ammunition, with arms, with soldiery; to fortify, to intrench.

There was John engarrison'd, and provided for the assault with a trusty sword, and other implements of war. Glanville. Witchcraft, p. 127.

The Romanes, the centurion and his band, were there as actors, as supervisors of the execution; those strangers were no otherwise ingaged, than as they that would hold faire correspondence with the citizens, where they were engarrisoned. Bishop Hall. Cont. The Crucifixion.

Every man has corrupt sinful habits that have overspread, and, as it were, engarrisoned themselves in the most inward parts of his soul; habits deeply fixt and not easily dispossessed. South. Sermons, vol. vii. p. 51.

In this case we encounter sin in the body, like a besieged enemy and such an one, when he has engarrison'd himself in a strong hold, will endure a storm, and repel assaults. Id. Ib. vol. ix. p. 133. ENGE'NDER, En, and gender, q. v. Fr. gen ENGE'NDRURE. Sdre, from the ablative genere, from gignere, q. v. vév-ew, to beget.

"Fr. engender; to ingender, to procreate, beget, breed; cause, make, procure, begin." Cotgrave.

Seth Adames sone. sitthen was engendrede.

Piers Plouhman. Vision, p. 179.

For al so siker as cold engendreth hayl,

A likerous mouth most han a likerous tayl.

Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 6047.
This every lewed vicar and parson

Id.

Can say, how ire engendreth homicide;
Ire is in soth executour of pride.
The Sompnoures Tale, v
Thou woldest han ben a trede-foul aright,
Haddest thou as grete leve, as thou hast might,
To parfourme all thy lust in engendrure,
Thou haddest begeten many a creature.
Id. The Monkes Prologue,

Right so maie no pitee areste
Of crueltee the great vltrage,
Whiche the tyranne in his corage
Engendred hath.

7591.

V. 13952.

Gower. Conf. Am. book vii. fol. 162.

When straight another new conspiracy (As if it were a certain successor,

Ally'd to this) engender'd in the north,

Is by the Archbishop Scroope with pow'r brought forth.
Daniel. History of the Civil Wars, book iv.
DU. SEN. True it is that we have seen better dayes,
And haue with holy bell bin knowld to church,
And sat at good men's feasts, and wip'd our eyes
Of drops, that sacred pity had engendred.

Shakspeare. As You Like it, fol. 194.
Mercy should pardon, but the sword compel
Compassion's else a Kingdom's greatest harm,
Its warmth engenders rebels till they swarm.

Otway. Windsor Castle.

BOIL

EN. GENDER

The women were of great engyne.

Id. Ib. book iv. fol. 77.

It maketh a man ben enginous,
And swifte of fote, and eke yrous.
Id. Ib. book vii. fol. 143.
Then wrought her wit

With her broke vow,-her Goddess wrath,-her fame,

All tools that enginous despair could frame:

Which made her strew the floor with her torn hair,

And spread her mantle piecemeal in the air.

Hero and Leander. By Marlowe and Chapman, the second
Sestyad.

For that's the marke of all their inginous drifts,
To wound my patience, howsoe're they seeme
To aime at other objects.

Ben Jonsm. Cynthia's Revells, act iii. sc. 4.

E'NGINE, V. E'NGINE, n. ENGINE ER, or E'NGINER, ENGINERY, ENGINE-Work.

Fr. engin; It. ingegno; Sp. engeno, q. d. Ingenio, because not made without great effort (ingenii) of genius, of ingenuity, of contrivance. And thus it is applied to any Machine, tool, or instrument, ingeniously worked, wrought, or contrived,-whether of war, of torture, to throw water, &c. And, generally, a machine, tool, or instrument.

To engine, in Chaucer, is to put upon an engine of torture; and thus, to torture, to torment. In the second edition of Gower, Engined together; contrived to get together.

Thrittene grete engynes of alle be reame be best
Brouht þei to Striuelyne, pe kastelle doun to kest.
R. Brunne, p. 326.
And right anon, the ministres of the toun
Han hent the carter, and so sore him pined,
And eke the hosteler so sore engined,
That they beknew hir wickednesse anon,
And were anhanged by the necke bon.

Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v 13066.

Thei hadde made, and encorteined,
Where she was afterward engined.
Gower. Conf. Am. book i. fol. 18.
Thei treate

With faire behestes and yeftes greate
Of golde, that thei than haue engined
Together.

Id. Ib. book i. fol. 14.

He tolde hym eke as for the myne
He wolde ordeine suche engyne,
That thei the werke shuld vndersette.
With tymbre.

Id. Ib. book v. fol. 95.
Therefore his subtile engines he does bend
His practick witt and his fayre fyled tonge,
With thousand other sleightes.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, book ii. can. 1
The same he snatcht, and with exceeding sway
Threw at his foe, who was right well aware
To shunne the engin of his meant decay;
It booted not to thinke that throwe to beare,
But ground he gaue, and lightly leap'd areare.
I. Ib. book ii. can. 11.

roceeded on with no less art,

My tongue was engineer;

I thought to undermine the heart
By whispering in the ear.

Suckling. 'Tis now, since I sate down. Who, when they would not lend their, helping hand to any man in engine-worke, nor making of bulwarkes and fortifications, used foole-hardily to sallie forth and fight most courageously Holland. Ammianus, fol. 127. Constantius and Julianu He is a good enginer that alone can make an instrument to get preferment. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, fol. 184. When behold

Not distant far with heavie pace the foe
Approaching gross and huge; in hollow cube
Training his devilish enginrie.

Milton. Paradise Lost, book vi. I. 553. In the like manner as skilful an engineer as the Devil is, he will never be able to play his engines to any purpose, unless he finds something to fasten them to.

South. Sermons, vol. vi. p. 283.
Safe they advance, while with unweary'd pain
The wrathful engines waste their stores in vain ;
High o'er their heads the destin'd deaths are tost
And far behind in vacant earth are lost.

Rowe. Lucan, book iii.
More dismal than the loud disploded roar
Of brazen enginry, that ceaseless storm
The bastion of a well-built city, deem'd
Impregnable.
J. Philips. Cider, book i
These from on high, fire, darts, and jav'lins throw,
And pond'rous stones the rafters send below.
The thund'ring tempest falls, and batters down
The planks of engines rais'd against the town.

Hoole. Orlando Furioso, book xl. What once gave a rational pleasure will continue to give it, like a natural spring, which, though it may not throw its waters into so great a variety of forms as the artificial fountain of the engineer, will continue to supply an exuberant stream, when the scanty canal is exhausted, or machinery is destroyed.

Knox. Winter Evenings, even. 3.

The Roman Conclave succeeded to the Roman senate in this engineering work. Warburton. Works, vol. iv. p. 56. Preface to the Edition of

1758.

Who kindling a combustion of desire,
With some cold moral think to quench the fire,
Though all your engineering proves in vain,
The dribbling stream ne'er puts it out again.

Cowper. The Progress of Error.,
Genius and Art, Ambition's boasted wings,
Our boast but ill deserve. A feeble aid!
Dedalian enginery! if those alone
Assist our flight, Fame's flight is Glory's fall.
Young. The Complaint, Night 6.