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The Saxons practised this mode of division for fixing the several extents of their heptarchick empire.

Warton. History of Kiddington, p. 69. (In Todd.)
In 752, the Saxon heptarchists, Cuthred and Ethelbald,
fought a desperate battle at Beogford, or Burford.
Id. lb. p. 48. (In Todd.)
HER and HIS were used where we now write Its.
See HIM. See second Quotation, infra.

And the Kyng gaf to hir (the womman) (E. V. hyre) o chaumburleyn, and seide, Restore thou to hir (E. V. hyre) alle thingis that ben hern. (E.V. hyres, sua.)

Wic. 4 Kings viii. 6. Salt is good, but if the salt haue lost her saltnes, what shal be seasoned therwith ?-Bible, 1549. Luke xiv. 35. In Mod. Version, his savour.

HERB.

The flowers

And the fresh herblets on the opposite brink.

Cary. Dante. HERDES, 8. pl. Coarse flax. Tyrwhitt. Herde, heirde. Fibra lini. Kilian.

And sche criede to hym, Sampson, Filisteis ben on thee! which brak the boondis, as if a man brekith a threed of herdis, writhun with spotle, whanne it hath take the odour of filer. (L. V. a top of flexe, stuppa.)- Wic. Judg. xvi. 9. And she (Fraunchise) had on a Suckeny That nol of hempe herdes was

So faire was none in all Arras.

HIG

And a Ympne or Herying seide (hymno dicto), thei wenten out in to the mount of Olyuete.-Id. Mat. xxvi. 20.

Therfor bi him offre we an oost of heryinge (hostiam laudis) euermore to God, that is to seie, the fruyt of lippis knowlechinge to his name.-Id. Heb. xiii. 15.

Charitee goth out of herie.-Gower. Conf. Am. b. ii. 43. And there (in heaven) for ever (our Lord is), by the angels heried.-G. Fletcher. Christ's Triumph after Death. HEST.

The which whan Rebecca hadde herd, and he was goon a wey in to the feeld, that he fulfille the heest (L. V. to fille the comaundement, ut jussionem impleret), she seide to hir sone Iacob.-Wic. Gen. xxvii. 5.

And heste, certain, in no wise
Without ifete (deed) is not to preise.
Whan heste and dede a sonder vary,
Thei doen a grete contrary.

HIGHT.

HIP

And if there any askin me

How this bokè whiche is here

Shal (be) hate, which that I rede you biere,
It is the Romaunt of the Rose.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 38. HILD, HEELD or HEALD, v. This is a common word in Wiclif, and is rendered by him from the Lat. fundere; ef-, in-, per-fundere: Grose says that in the north, To heald is to incline it to one side in order to empty it: Hence, he adds, to heal, to lean or incline to one side. See To HELE. And he might have added: Hence, To heald, to pour out; as, to heald the pot.

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And sche helde (E. V. heldynge, effundens) out the watirpot in troufis, and ran again to the pit, to draw watir, and sche af watir drawun to alle the camels.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 4475. HETE, s. See BE-HET. Also HIGHT. Forsothe thou schalt kepe, and do that jede out onys of thi lippis, as thou bihiztist to thi Lord God.-Mar. note. Forthi kepe the heestis for that thou hast auowid, in comparison of him that heetith, and fulfillith it not. Wic. Deut. xxiii. 23. HETHING. In the version of the Psalms, quoted by Wiclif's Editors, (in Pref. p. 4,) the Lat. subsannatio et illusio, are rendered scoornyng and heth-plaints.-Chaucer. Boecius, b. ii. m. 2. yng. In the text version, mouwing and scornyng. We ben maad repreef to oure neizboris; scoornyng and hethyng to all that ben in our cumpas. Wic. Ps. xcviii. 4. Ed. Pr. |

Wic. Gen. xxiv. 20. And (a Samaritan) cam to hym, and boond togidir hise woundis, and helde in oyle and wynne. (E. V. heeldynge, infundens.)-Id. Luke x. 34.

And there apperide the out heeldyngis of the see (L. V. schedyngis out, effusiones), and ben opened the foundementis of the world.-Id. 2 Kings xxii. 16.

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it forsothe a litil while, and a litil, and schal be ful endid myn indignacioun and myn wodnesse up on the hidous Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 1233. gilte of hem. (L.V. greet trespas, scelus.)- Wic. Is. x. 25.

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Al the Route
Hidden hem in hernes,
They dorste not loke on oure Lord.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 12897. HERR, s. A. S. Heor; Du. Harre, Herre. A Hinge. A. S. Hearran. The hinges or hooks of a door or gate, whereby it hangeth and moveth. Somner.

it he hadde not maad erthe, and floodis and the herris of the world (cardines).—Wic. Prov. viii. 26, et aliter.

HERT. See HEART, HART.

HERY, v.

The byssopes, that hyre ladde, vor joye wepe also, And herede God and Seynt Swythyn. Robert of Gloucester, v. 338. Forsothe, Hien dydde this aspyingly, that he distruye alle the heryeris of Baal. (L. V. worschipers, cultores.) Wic. 4 Kings x. 19; also 23. Blessid art thou Lord God of our fathers, and heryful or worthi to be preyside (laudabilis).-Id. Dan. iii. 26.

My spirit hadde orrour ether hidousnesse. (E. V. hidouside, horruit.)-Id. Dan. vii. 15.

And whanne the sunne was gon doun, drede felde on Abram, and a greet hidousenesse and derk asaylide him. (E. V. grisenes, horror.)-ld. Gen. xv. 12.

Y biseche hem that ben to redynge this boke, that thei dreden not or haue not hydous (var. r. hidouste, ne abhorrescant) for contrarie casis.-Id. 2 Mac. vi. 12.

HIE.

The whiche fond grace in his sist, that he schulde hezen the wymmen enournyng. (L. V. hastide, acceleraret.) Wic. Esth. ii. 9. Medecyne of alle thingus (is) in the heezing of a little cloud. (L. V. haastyng, festinatione.)-Id. Ecclus. xliii. 24. And the womman answerde to hem; Thei wenten hiyngli, (L. V. hastily, festinante,) a litil wist waater tastid. Id. 2 Kings xvii. 20. HIGH.

He (the Pope) salle at his dome set it lowe and hie. Robert of Gloucester, v. 283. HIGHNESS. A title of honour, formerly of kings, now of princes and princesses of the blood royal. See MAJESTY, infra.

Heizthe occurs in the var. readings of Wiclif. Forsothe he that shal hie hym self (exaltaverit) shal be mekid.- Wic. Mat. xxiii. 12.

Cometh, and make we to us a citee and a towr, whos heizt (L. V. hiznesse, culmen) fulli ateyne unto heuene.

Id. Gen. xi. 4.

Forsothe he ceside to prophecie, and cam to the heiz. (L. V. an his place, ad excelsum.)—Id. 1 Kings x. 14. And as the hitnessis (E. V. oouermoostis, summitates) of the eeris of corn, thei schulen be al to-brokun. Id. Job xxiv. 24.

And we wol reuled ben at his devise In highe and lowe.-Chaucer. Prol. v. 819. Sylver that before was at viii grotes and xxx.d. an vunce, was highed to xl. d. an vunce, and iii. s. ii. d. Fabyan, p. 655. Ed. 4, An. 1465. And bear through highth or depth of nature's bounds. Milton. Par. R. b. i. v. 13.

Thoughe plenty, goddess of Riches, hylde adowne (fundat) with a full horne, and with drawe not her hande. . . yet for all that mankinde nold not cesse to wepe wretched

HILD, or HILL.

Whiche eten flesche of my peple and hildiden (L. V. hiliden), or flewen (excoriaverunt) the skyn of hem fro above. Wic. Mic. iii. 3.

HILL. To cover, is frequent in Wiclif. It is to doo forsothe, whanne Benadab had herde this word, he drank, and the kyngis in hiletis. (L. V. schadewynge places, in umbraculis.)- Wic. 2 Kings xx. 12; also 16. The which Laban called an hillok of witnes (L. V. heep, tumulum), and Jacob an hipil of witnessyng (L. V. heep, acervum), either after the proprete of his tunge. Id. Gen. xli. 47. The bed with joy the suffering chief renown'd Contemplated, and occupying soon The middle space hillock'd it high with leaves. Cowper. Odyssey, b. v. 1. 589.

HILT.

And he fastnede in to the wombe of the Kyng so strongli, that the pomel, ether hilte (capulus) suede the iron in the wounde. Wic. Judges iii. 22.

HIM. See HIS, HER.

Therfor nyle ye be bisy in to the morew, for the morew shal be bisy to hym self (E. V. it self, sibi ipsi). For it suffisith to the dai his owen malice (malitia sua).

Wic. Mat. vi. 34. HIND. See HYNE in v. Hire, Quotation from Wiclif.

Egidie After an hynde cride,

And thorugh the mylke of that mylde beest,
The man was sustened.

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As a dore is turned in his heeng (L. V. hengis, in cardine), so a slo; man in his litle bed.- Wic. Prov. xxvi. 14.

And to moued ben the thresholdes of the henglis (L. V. herris, cardinum) fro the vois of the criende, and the hous fullfilid is with smoke.-Id. Is. vi. 4; also 2 Esd. iii. 14.

HIP. Hyps or hypo-" an exquisitely refined abbreviation for hippochondriacs."-Swift. Introduction to Polite Conversation.

HIP.

Put thin hoond undir myn hip (femur), that I adiure thee by the Lord God of heuene, and of erthe, that thou take not wijf to my sone of the dowitris of Chananeys. Wic. Gen. xxiv. 3. Nay, now I know I haue him on the hip. Beaumont and Fletcher. Noble Gent. act ii. sc. 1. In fine he doth applie one special drift, Which was to get the Pagan on the hippe,

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And he (the Lord) gaf hem into stiryng, and in to perischyng, and in to hisshing, ether scornyng (E. V. whistlyng, in sibilum), as ze seen with 3oure eezen. Wic. 2 Par. xxix. 8. HISTORY. The now obsolete verb Historify, used not only by Sir P. Sidney and the poet Stirling, but by Ben Jonson.

Com. (They) have a world of honour

And public reputation to defend.

Sir Dia. Which in the brave historified Greeks And Romans you shall read of.

Ben Jonson. Magnetic Lady, act iii. sc. 4.

HISTRIONIC.

(It) is a histrionical contempt

Of what a man most fears; it being a mischief
In his own apprehension unavoidable.

Ben Jonson. Magnetic Lady, act iii. sc. 4. Though the world be histrionical, and most men live ironically, yet be thou what thou singly art, and personate only thyself.-Browne. Christian Morals, pt. ii. § xx. HO.

There was no ho with Anniball, but without further delay, he came forth into the field in battaile array. Holland. Livy, p. 439.

HOAR. Sone, fro thi 3outhe tac doctrine, and unto hoore heris (ad canos) thou shalt finde wisdam.- Wic. Ecclus. vi. 18. He that towchith eny unclene whos touchyng is hoory (L. V. foul, sordidus), shal be unclene unto the euen. Id. Lev. xxii. 5. As stynke thow shalt looth (any thing of the Mawmet), and as filthed and horthe of abhomynacioun (L. V. filthis, sordes), for it is cursid.-Id. Deut. vii. 26.

The ful out ioting of unge men (is) the strengthe of hem; and the dignete of olde men hornesse (canities). Id. Prov. xx. 29.

HOARSE.

And hoors in the throte
Cougheth, &c.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 12017.
HOBBY, s.

By hoblers meaning those whom we now call Light men.-N. Bacon. Hist. Disc. pt. ii. c. 11, p. 100. HOCK.

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HOROLOGE.

She (Custance) driveth forth into our ocean
Thurghout our wide see, til at the last
Under an hold, that nempnen I ne can,
Far in Northumberlond, the waue hire cast.
Id. Man of Lawes Tale, v. 4927. logie) of Achaz, bacward tenne degrees.
But I say not that every wight is hold
To gon. Id. Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5717.
For nevir Man was to you Goddes hold
As I.-Id. Troylus and Cressida, iii. 1259.
HOLE.

And so Ysay, the prophete, inwardly clepyde the Lord, and broust ageyn the umbre by the lynys, with the whiche nowe it hadde goon doun in the orloge (L. V. orologie, horoWic. 4 Kings xx. 11. Loo! I shal make to turne azeen the shadewe of lynes bi the whiche it had go doun in the oriloge of Acath in the sunne bacward by tenn lynes.-Id. Is. xxxviii. 8.

And he that gadrid hijris, sente hem in to a sak, or bagge, hoolid or broken (pertusum).—Wic. Hag. i. 6. HOMAGE.

And this (is) called homage, from those words, I become your man, sir.-N. Bacon. Historical Treatise, c. lxii. p. 200. HOME.

The viker hadde fer hoom,
And faire took his leeve.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 13924.
Wile thou not ben as a leoun in thin hous, turnende
awei thin homli men (L. V. meneals, domesticos), and
oppressende to men soget to thee.- Wic. Ecclus. iv. 35.
He makith famyliar, or homeli lettris to Filemon for
Onesimus his seruaunt.-Id. Prol. to Philemon.
Thou af to me a target of thin helth; and min hoomly-
nes (L. V. myldenesse, mansuetudo) multiplied me.
Id. 2 Kings xxii. 36.

HOMICIDE.

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HONEST. To live honestly on his rents. Το
apparel honestly.—Berners' Froissart, i. 635, ií. 15;
i. e. reputably, creditably.

List (easy) is forsothe in the eşen of God sodeynly to
honesten (L. V. to make onest, honestare) the pore.
Wic. Ecclus. xi. 23.
Be waisohun and anoynted, and be thou clothid with
onestere clothis, and go doun in to the corn floor. (E. V.
more worshipful clothis, cultioribus vestimentis.)

Id. Ruth iii. 3.
HONEY, n. Honeycomb,-The cellular sub-
stance containing the honey.
HONG. See HANG.
HONOUR. Honours in cards, King, Queen, &c.
See COAT CARD.

The man bowide hym silf and onouryde (L. V. wor-
Horse-schipide, adoravit) the Lord.-Wic. Deut. xxiv. 26.
HONT, i. e. Hunt, qv.; also Forloyne.

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She was digne as water in a diche;
And al so ful of hoker and of bismare.

Chaucer. Reves Tale, v. 3963. Whan a man is sharply amonested in his shrift to leve his sinne, than wol he be angry, and answere hokerly and angerly.-Id. Persones Tale.

HOLD, s. See BEHOLD. That which holdeth; or keepeth (fast, firm).

To hold in hand (as to bear in hand, qv.) to hold in expectation, in suspense. (I) holde him yet in honde.

Chaucer. Troylus and Cressida, b. 5, v. 1371. Ye ne doe but holden me in honde.-Id. Ib. b. 5, v. 1615.

HOOF.

And thei tumbliden hyre (Jezabel); and the wall is sprengid with the blod, and the hors houes (L. V. howues, ungula) that treden hyre.-Wic. 4 Kings ix. 33.

HOP, v.

I batred hem on the bak,
And bolded hire hertes,

And dide hem hoppe for hope,

To haue me at wille.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 1757.
HOPE, s. Mr. Tyrwhitt says, A dingle or little
valley. And see Jamieson. And see Guy Manner-
ing for Charlies Hope, and Bride of Lammer Moor
for Wolf's Hope, i. e. Wolf's Haven.
God a shelde is of alle the hopers (sperantium) in hym.
Wic. 2 Kings xxii. 31.
They loggit (lodged) them
Atte Cheker of the Hope, that many a man doth knowe.
Chaucer. Par. and Tap. Prol. v. 14.
He feels his elevation
Most, when conferring joy upon the hoper.

HORN.

HORRENT.

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Hosen of mud.-Id. Ib. 75.
HOSPITABLE.

Be hospitalious, churchmen; laye,
Cease sacrilegious sinne.

HOST.

Warner. Albion's England, b. ix. ch. 53.

He herbewede hym at an hostrie.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 11514. And (hope) shal hostele hem and heele.-Id. v. 11604. HOST.

(Pride) gadered hym a gret oost.

HOST.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 13630.

Joure silf as quike stoones be aboue bildid spiritual housis, holy presthod, for to offre spiritual hoostis, or offringis (hostias) acceptable to God bi Jhesu Crist. Wic. 1 Pet. ii. 5. And (thee) offred... into the oostis of pesible thinges oxen two, &c. (L. V. sacrifice, hostias.) Id. Num. vii. 35. HOSTILE. Dele Hostilement, and the Quotation from Chaucer, and see HUSTYLMENT, infra.

HOT. See FLAME, Piers Plouhman, supra. HOT. Hotspurs, applied to hot-headed persons (from Henry Percy). See Trench, English Past and Present. Lec. 3.

Some hot-spurs there were that gave counsel to go against them with all their forces, and to fright and terrify them if they made slow haste.-Holland. Livy, p. 992.

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I'll not offend thee with a vain tear more,
Glad mentioned Roe; thou art but gone before,
Whither the world must follow: and I, now,
Breathe to expect my when, and make my how.
Ben Jonson. Epig. 33.
HOWVE. See HOVE, Piers Plouhman, supra.
HOYN. Fr. Hoigner, Menage. A word derived

Iphig. in Tauris, A. 5. (From Goethe.) from the sound,-to murmur, to grumble; also to

Doth salm to the Lord in trumpis beten out, and in vois of the hornene trumpe. (L. V. trumpe of horn, tubæ cornua.)-Wie. Ps. xcvii. 6.

If forsothe he wiste that the oxe was an hornputtere (L.V. puttere, cornupeta) fro zisterday, and fro the thridde

whine as a child.

Cot

Hoyning like hogges that grognes and wroles.
Skelton, i. 132.
HUCKING, s.

She hath holden huckerye

Al hire lif time.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 2926.

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From the humanity and candour of the Principal of the Scotch College at Paris, he (Hume) was admitted to peruse James the Second's Memoirs kept there.

HUMOUR.

Hume. Hist. An. 1674, c. 66, n. a.

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I wil noght be ruled,

By Jhesu! for al youre

Janglynge with spiritus justitiæ.-Id. v. 13757.

Betere is to dwelle in desert lond, than with a janglende womman (L. V. ful of chidyng, rizosa) and wratheful. Wic. Prov. xxi. 19.

And he (Moyses) clepid the name of that place, Temptynge, for the jangling of the sones of Israel (L. V. chidyng, jurgium), and for thei temptiden the Lord, seiynge, Whether is God in us, or noon ?-Id. Er. xvii. 7.

His servants jangeled with him to bring him out of his melancoli.-Berners' Froissart, v. i. p. 402.

JAPE, v.

I han neither taboure ne trompe:

Jape ne jogele.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 8491. (He) heeld holynesse a jape.-Id. v. 24214.

See, ze lordis and prelatis, that maken unable curatis, for fleschly affection and iftis, and specialy for pleyinge at the bere, and othere unleeful iapis, what tresoune je doon to God, and what harm to Cristis chirche, and poure auanseeis.-Wic. Bible. Prol. 32. P.

JAW. To hold the jaw; to keep the jaws still, the mouth shut; to hold the tongue; and to jaw, watris, that at the humour sendith his rootes. (L. V. enough, offensively. But see Jamieson, in v. Jaw. to talk much (to jabber, qv.), volubly; more than

And he shal be as a tree that is ouer plauntid up on

moisture, ad humorem.)- Wic. Jer. xvii. 8.

So the iren smyth sittende biside the stithie, and biholdende the werk of the iren, the humour (L. V. heete, vapor) of the fyer brenneth his flesh.

HUNGER.

Id. Ecclus. xxxviii. 29.

And voide he shal make the soule of the hungrere (L.V. hungry man, esurientis), and drine to thristrere he shal don awei.-Wic. Is. xxxii. 6.

HURRY. Written by Chaucer, Harry, qv.
And haried forth.-Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2728.
HURT, v.

And his blynde fadir roos vp and bigan to renne, hirtynge in the feet. (E. V. stumblende, offendens pedibus.) Wic. Tobit xi. 10.

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IMA

And when she hove her hedde higher, she peirced the selfe heaven, so that the sight of menne lookyng was in idel (frustabatur).-ld. lb. b. i. pr. 1.

IDOL. In the Title to the 16th Chapter of the Interpretation of Nature, Bacon calls Idols, fictions. —Works, v. i. p. 387, 4to.

As for the elenchs of images or idolaes, certainly idolaes are the profoundest fallacies of the mind of man. Wats. Bacon on Learning, b. v. c. iv. § 3.

JEALOUS.

If the spiryt of gelousnes (L. V. gelousie, zelotypice) stire the man agens his wijf, the which outher is polut. he shal lede hire to the preest, &c.- Wic. Num. v. 14. In ther grauen thingis to ielousie (L. V. indignacioun, ad æmulationem) thei terreden hym.-Id. Ps. lxxvii. 58. JEER. In Chaucer, Geer, jest.

Trewly I had no need
Ferther than my beddes heed,
Neuer o day to seche sorrow,

I found it redy ever a morrow,
For why I loued in no geer.

Chaucer. The Duchesse, v. 1273. JEST. In Chaucer, Persones Prol. v. 17354, " I cannot geste," (Mr. Tyrwhitt) is to relate jests, i. e. gests, qv. In Prol. to Melibeus, v. 13861, "To tellen in geste," distinguished from prose, (Mr. Tyrwhitt) implies that gestes were written in verse, or allit

erative metre.

O temerous tauntress that delights in toyes,
Jangling iestres, depraveresse of sweete ioyes.

Uncertaine Auctors. Against an vnstedfast Woman. IGNOMINY.

Ignominy is the infliction of such evil as is made dishonourable; or the deprivation of such good, as is made honourable by the commonwealth.

Hobbes. Commonwealth, pt. ii. c. xxvii. IGNORE. (Boyle.) Is now constant in English

usage.

JIB. The foremost sail of a ship; from the shape or form of which, the ship's country may be known, whether friend or foe. Hence the expression, The cut of his jib. Notes and Queries.

JIB or GIB.

He (Friday) was amazed when he saw how the sail gibbed, and filled this way or that way, as the course we sailed changed.-Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.

ILK. Wiclif, Ez. xliii. 15, renders the Lat. Ipse, the ylk, E. V., and thilke, L. V.

Yss (glacies) and snowes blesse te the Lord; preyse ze
and aboue reyse že him in the worldis.-Id. Dan. iii. 70.
Gr. Βινονίζειν, Εικονισμα.
ICONIZE, v.
ILL. Chaucer renders the Lat. Inanes rumores,
ICONISM, S. To form a likeness or resemb-yll rumours, i. e. idle. See in v. Rumour.
IL-LAQUEATE, v.

lance.

This world is an image always iconized or perpetually
renewed (as the image in a glass is).
Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 572.
When the intellect or mind above is exercised in ab-
Wic-stracted intellections and contemplations, the fancy will at
kind of apish imitations, counterfeit iconisms, symbolical
the same time busily employ itself below, in making some
adumbrations and resemblances, of those intellectual cogi-
tations of sensible and corporeal things.
Id. Immutable Morality, b. iv. c. 1.

HUSTLE, i. e. Justle or Jostle. HUSTYLMENT, from the Lat. Supellectile. lif. The word occurs twice in the var. r. of Wiclif, where necessaries, purtenances, stands in the text. Mr. Tyrwhitt explains Hostilement, in Chaucer, Household furniture.

Certes, it nedeth of full many helpings to kepen the diuersite of precious hostilements.-Chaucer. Boecius, b. ii. HUSWIFE. A housewife's case for knitting needles, &c.

Mrs. Unwin begs me in particular to thank you warmly for the houswife, the very thing she has just begun to want. Cowper to Mrs. King, Sept. 25, 1788.

HUTCH.

Til Parnell's parfill (embroidery)
Be put in hire hucche.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 2314.
HYDROPSY.

IDEA. IDEATE. Could we intimately apprehend the ideated man, and as ation, we might more narrowly comprehend our present he stood in the intellect of God upon the exertion by credegeneracy, and how widely we are fallen from the pure exemplar and idea of our nature.

Browne. Christian Morals, pt. i. § xxviii.

An idealist defending his system by the fact, that when asleep we often believe ourselves awake, was well answered by his plain neighbour: "Ah, but when awake, do we ever believe ourselves asleep?"-Coleridge. Biog. Lit. ii. 69.

IDLE. See Chaucer in v. Ill, infra.

The erthe was idel and voide. (E. V. veyne withynne,

And loo! sum man syk in ydropsie was bifore him. (L.V. inanis.)- Wic. Gen. i. 2. dropesie, homo hydropicus.)-Wic. Luke xiv. 3.

HYEMAL.

Whistling Eurus comes,

With all his world of insects, in thy lands To hyemate.-Smart. The Hop Garden.

HYPOCRISY.

For to prechen and proven it noght,

Ypocrisie it semeth.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 9827.

Forsothe wolt thou wite, thou veyn man (inanis), for feith with outen werkes is ydel.-Id. James ii. 20.

Thow shalt not mystaak the name of the Lord thi God idillich. (L. V. in veyn, frustra.)-Id. Deut. v. 11.

Whanne othere men teden forth to batel, Danyth dwellide as idil in Jerusalem, and therfor he was drawun to do anoutrie: wherfor the Poete seith, If thou takist awey idilnessis, the craftis of coueitise, that is, of leccherie, perischiden.-Id. 2 Kings xi. 1, mar. note.

But ye semen certes ye can do nothing a right but if it be for the audience of the people, and for yle rumours. Chaucer. Boecius, b. ii.

As concerning the infamous and diabolical magick, he that would know whether a philosopher be temptable by, or illaqueable into it, let him read the writings of Mælegenes.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 268.

IL-LUDE.

Wherfore and I shal chesen the illusions of hem (L. V. scornyngis, illusiones), and that thei dreden I shal brenge to hem.- Wic. Is. lxvi. 4; also Ecclus. xxvii. 31, illusion or scorne (illusio).

They be sayd illuseurs and deceynours, by cause they deceyued herodes.-The Golden Legend, fo. 9, c. 1.

ILLUMINING, s. See Wiclif, in v. Inlight, infra, Illume, s. from Lat. Illuminatio.

Sothli it is impossible hem that oonys ben illumyned (L. V. listned, illuminati), . . . . and ben sliden fer awey, eftsoone for to ben renewlid, or maad newe to penaunce. Wic. Heb. vi. 4.

We haue grete nede of a doctour or techer of agenbyar, of a deliuerer, of a condyter, of a lighter or illuminer. The Golden Legend, fo. 1, c. 2.

IL-LUSTRATE.

Matter to me of glory whom their hate Illustrates.-Milton. Par. L. b. 5, v. 739.

IMAGE.

And who so ete that (seed of prudence),
Ymagynen he sholde

Er he deide any deeth (q. did any deed)
Devyse wel the end.-Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 13511.
Wenynge is no wysdom,

Ne wys imagination.-Id. v. 13993.

I am ymaginatif, quod he,

Ydel was I nevere,

Tho I sitte by myself,

In siknesse nor in helthe.-Id. v. 7435.

IMP

And how that ymaginatif

In dremels (dreams) me tolde

Of kynde and of his konnynge, &c. &c.-Id. v. 8051.
Nothing list him (Arviragus) to be imaginatif,
If any wight had spoke, while he was oute,
To hire (Dorigen) of loue; he had of that no doute.
Chaucer. The Frankeleine's Tale, v. 11406.
The Duke studyed a season, and gave none answere, and
ymagyned sore.-Berners' Froissart, v. ii. p. 359.

After an object is removed, or the eye shut, we still re-
tain an image of the thing seen, though more obscure than
when we see it. And this is what the Latins call imagi-
nation, from the image made in seeing, and apply the same,
But the
though improperly, to all the other senses.
Greeks call it fancy, which signifies apparence, and is as
proper to one sense as another. Imagination, therefore, is
nothing but decaying sense, and is found in men and many
other living creatures, as well sleeping as waking.
Hobbes on Man, pt. i. c. 2.
But a voice
Is wanting, the deep truth is imageless.

IM-BIBE, v.

Shelley. Prometheus, act ii. sc. 4.

And other materes enbibing.

IM-MANE.

IMP

IM-PERSEVERANT. Mr. Dyce considers the right reading (in Cymbeline) to be, according to modern Orthography," this imperceiverant thing," i. e. this thing that has not the sense to perceive (my superiority to Posthumus). And this interpretation (adopted by Mr. Singer) is countenanced both by the context, and by the usages of Perceverance. See PERCEIVE. Though the coinage of a barbarous positive must not be granted as a sufficient warranty for that of a negative; nor is any The other example of this negative to be found. common interpretation has been Im, aug. qd. Emperseverant, i. e. Self-willed, obstinate; a sense quite consistent with Imogen's perseverance in rejecting Cloten's repetitions of his suit. See Impierce, infra.

IM-PIERCE. In the v. the im is aug.; in Im-
pierceable, the im is neg.

Ye armen your seruauntes ayenst all debates with im-
Chaucer. The Chan. Yem. Tale, v. 16282. perceable harneis.-Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. i.
IM-PIGNORATION, s. Low Lat. Impignoratio.
A pledging, or putting in pawn. Hackluyt uses
See
the word as if common in Mercantile Law.
in v. Quit.

Whatever passion belongs to it (fanaticism), or is uppermost on the occasion, will have something vast, immane, and (as Painters say) beyond life.

IM-MEDIATE.

King.

Shaftesbury. Enthusiasm, § vii.

For let the world take note,
You are the most immediate to our throne,
And with no lesse nobility of lone

Than that which deerest father beares his sonne,
Do I impart to you.-Shakespeare. Hamlet, act i. sc. 1.
Iago. Good name in man and woman (deere my lord)
Is the immediate iewell of their soules.

Id. Othello, act iii. sc. 3.

IM-MITIGABLE. That cannot be mitigated, soothed, or appeased.

Did she mitigate these immitigable, these iron-hearted men?-Harris (in Todd).

IM-MODERATE.

Even in our sensual days, the strength of delight is in its seldomness or rarity, and sting in its satiety; mediocrity is its life, and immoderacy its confusion.

Browne. Christian Morals, pt. ii. § 1.

IM-MOULD, v. See MOULD.

Once men they lived, but now the men were dead,
And turn'd to beasts, so fabled Homer old,

That Circe, with her potion charm'd in gold,
Used manly souls in beastly bodies to immould.
G. Fletcher. Christ's Triumph over Death.

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Flav.

Please you, gentlemen,
The time is unagreeable to this business;
Your importunacy cease till after dinner;
That I may make his lordship understand
Wherefore you are not paid.

Shakespeare. Timon of Athens, act ii. sc. 2.
Had there been taste in water, be it what it might, it
would have infected every thing we ate or drank, with an
importunate repetition of the same flavour.
Paley. Natural Theology, c. xxi.

The quarrel, by that impact driven,
True to its aim, fled fatal.
IMPOSSESSION.
Southey. Joan of Arc, b. viii. v. 228.
Well, quod I, this impossession I woll well understand.
Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. ii.
IMPOSTOR. See IMPOSE.

IM-PATIENT.

(Men) ben impacient in hir penaunce.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 12041. IM-PEDE. Impediment is used by Milton from the Lat. Impedimenta, baggage, carriage.

But the will is not impedible; it cannot be restrained at all, if there be any acts of life.

Bp. Taylor. Of Repentance, ch. vi. ser. v. § 73.
So warnd he them aware themselues, and soon
In order, quit of all impediment,
Instant, without disturb, they took alarm.

Milton. Par. L. b. vi. v. 548.
Some conceived the recreations (specified in Jas. I. De-
claration for Liberty of the Lord's Day, A. D. 1612,) impe-
ditive to the observation of the Lord's Day; yea, unsuit-
able and unbeseeming the essential duties thereof.
Fuller. Church History, b. x. § 59.

IM-PERFECT.

His herte he (the iren smyth) shall tyue to the ful ending of the werkis; and his waking (vigilia) shal enourne the inparfitnesse. (L. V. unperfeccioun.)

Wic. Ecclus. xxxviii. 31. Time, which perfects some things, imperfects others. Browne. Christian Morals, pt. i. § 28.

IM-PERSEVERANT, i. e. Unpersevering. For the Sodomites are an example of impenitent, wilful sinners; and Lot's wife, of imperseverant and relapsing, righteous persons.-Bp. Andrewes. Sermon before Queen Elizabeth at Hampton Court, 1594.

IM-POTENCE. In Milton, Weakness of mind;
inability to restrain: opposite to strength of mind,
a firm wisdom.

Will he, so wise, let loose at once his ire,
Belike, thro' impotence, or unaware,

To give his enemies this wish, and end
Them in his anger, whom his anger saves
To punish endless.-Milton. Par. L. b. ii. v. 156.
IM-PRESS. 7 See the Quotation from Wats
IM-PRESSEDLY. in v. Malacissant, infra.

IM-PROBITY. In Luke xi. 8, the Vulgate Lat.
Improbitas is in the E. V. rendered unrestfulnesse, in
the L. V. continual axyng, and in var. r. improbite, or
continuel axyng. The M. V. is importunity, from
the Gr. αναδεια.

IM-PROPERATION, s. Lat. improperare (in-
probum). To cast as a reproach.
We have reformed from them, not against them, for
omitting those improperations and terms of scurrility be-
twixt us, which only difference our affections,-and not our
cause, there is between us one common name and appel-
lation, one faith and body of principles common to us both.
Browne. Religio Medici, pt. i. § 3.

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Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 7182.

Ac of the cardinals at court Impugnen I nelle.-Id. v. 218. Deme, Lord, the (those who) nozende me; out fit thon the impugnende me. (L. V. that fixten azens, expugna impugnantes.)- Wic. Ps. xxxiv. 1, et aliter. Thene cam the sone of God in tyme whå må was vaynThe Golden Legend, fo. 1, c. 2. quysshed of ignoraunce and impuissance. After cam the lawe of God in whiche he hath ben ouercome of impuissance.-Id. 1b. fo. 1, c. 1. IM-PUTE, v. See PUTATIVE.

IN-ABSTRACTED. Not abstracted or with

drawn.

Names (e. g. Physician) betokening accidents inab stracted betoken not only the accidents themselves, but also together with them subjects whereunto they cleave. Hooker. Ecc. Pol. b. viii. p. 409.

IN-ADVERTENT.

Forget not how assuefaction unto any thing enervates the passion from it; how constant objects lose their hints, and steal an inadvertisement upon us. Browne. Christian Morals, pt. iii. § 10. IN-BLOW, v. In and blow, qv.

Sothli science or kunnynge inblowith (L. V. blowith, inflat) with pride; charite edifieth.-Wic. 1 Cor. viii. 1.

As (tanquam) I be not to come to you, so summen ben ynblowen with pride (L. V. blowen, inflati); I schal come to you soune, if God schal wylne; and I schal knowe not the word of hem that ben ynblowen with pride, but the vertu.-Id. iv. 19.

IN-BOUND, v. In and bound. See BIND.
On the green banks, which that faire streame inbound,
Flowers and odours sweetly smil'd and smel'd.

Fairefax. Godfrey of Bulloigne, b. xviii. st. 23.
IN-BOW, v.
In and bow, qv.

And the Lord shal scatere fro Irael the hed and the tail, the inbowen, and the schrewende, in o day. (L.V. crokyng, incurvantes.)- Wic. Is. ix. 14.

IN-BREATH.

Wisdam to his sonus inbrethede lif. (L.V. enspireth, inspirat.)-Wic. Ecc. iv. 12.

But as I see, spirit is in men and the inbrething (L. V. enspiring, inspiratio) of the Almysti ziueth vnderstonding. Id. Job xxxii. 8.

Of thi blamyng, Lord, of the inbrething of the spirit of thi wrathe.-Id. Ps. xvii. 16.

IN-CALL, v. To invoke, qv.
Helde (pour) thi wrathe in kyngdoms that thi nome in-
calde not (invocaverunt).- Wic. Ed. Pref. Ps. lxxviii. 6.
IN-CATENATION. In and catenation, qv.

(He sits) at home triflingly sedulous in the incatenation
of fleas, or the sculpture of cherry-stones.
Goldsmith. Essay xviii.

INCEND, v.

Will God incense his ire
For such a petty trespass?

Milton. Par. L. b. ix. v. 692. His divine Majesty I humbly implore through his Sonne and our Saviour, that he would vouchsafe gratiously to accept these and such like sacrifices of humane understanding seasond with religion as with salt and incensed (immolatas) to his glorye.

Wats. Bacon. Adv. of Learning, b. ix. Conclusion. IN-CEPTION.

Here is no inception. No laws, no course, no powers of nature which prevail at present, nor any analogous to these, could give commencement to a new sense. And it is in vain to enquire, how that might proceed, which could never begin.-Paley. Natural Theology, c. xxiii.

INCH. Inch-meal. See the Quotation from Shakespeare in the Dictionary. Parts to an inch. See MEAL.

IN-CHANGE, v. In and change, qv.

Thou hast strengthid him a litil, that into euermor he shulde passe; thou shalt inchaungen his face (L. V. chaunge, immutabis), and thou shalt senden him out. Wic. Job xiv. 20. IN-CISION. See INCIDE.

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IN-COME. Forsothe thei that werende comende to the tabernacle and befer the incomyng (L. V. entryng, ingressum) of the pryue chaumbre makende a noise.-Wic. Judith xiv. 9.

IN-COMMUTABLE. Unchangeable.

The incomutable deyte of the blessyd Trynyte is without ony chaungyng.

The Golden Legend. Carton, fo. 26, c. 4. Westminster, 1483.

IN-COMPREHENSIBLE.

O! thou most strong, gret, and mysty, Lord of Ostus (is) name to thee: gret in counseil, and incomprehensible (Lat. incomprehensibilis) in thenking, whos eyen ben opened vp on alle the weies of the sonus of Adam, that thou zelde to eche after his weies, and after the frute of his fyndengus. (L.V. uncomprehensible.)- Wic. Jer. xxxii. 19.

A the hiznesse or depnesse of the richesse of wysdom and kunnynge of God; how incomprehensible ben his domes. Id. Rom. xi. 33.

IN-COMPUTABLE. In pulse, and grain, and grasses; in trees, and shrubs, and flowers; the variety of the seed vessels is incomputable. Paley. Natural Theology, c. xx. INCREASE. Chaucer, Rom. of the Rose, v. 4878, writes Crese, s. "The whiche fortuned Crese."

INCROOK, v. See CROOK.

Be the yzhen of hem maad derke, that thei se not; and incroke (L. V. bow, incurva) algatis the bak of hem. Wic. Rom. xi. 10.

INF

IN-DIRECT. Unfairly, unjustly.

He bids you then resigne Your crowne and kingdome indirectly held From him the native and true challenger. Shakespeare. Henry V. act ii. sc. 4.

IN-DISCIPLINE, s.

The figure he made in the field of literature showed the benefit which he had derived from the discipline of Westminster and its indiscipline. Southey. Life of Cowper, i. 18.

IN-DISCREET.

He answer'd to them of the demaudes that they made to hym indiscretly.-The Golden Legend, fo. 23, c. 3. IN-DIVIDUAL.

What is the principle of individuation? Or what is it that makes any one thing the same as it was some time before?- Watts. Logick, pt. i. c. 6.

IN-DOLENCE.

Do you know, said I, what Hieronymus Rhodius has allotted for the summum bonum? I know, says Torquatus, he resolves it into nihil dolere, mere indolence. Can you imagine a greater blessing, said he, than to be free from all manner of pain and trouble (nihil dolere)? For the present suppose it, said I, will it follow that pleasure and indolence are one and the same? Certainly, indolence is not only a pleasure, said he, but an unparalleled one too. Cic. De Finibus, by Parker, 1. ii. § 4, Orford, 1812. IN-DUCE, v.

Notable examples to induce the soul to be perpetuel and most lyght and parfyght.

The Boke of Tulle of Old Age. Carton, a. 5. IN-DUE, v. The pall (qv.) is an induement, that euery archebyschop must have.-Fabyan, v. i. c. 221.

INDUSTRY. INDUSTRIAL;-a word of recent introduction; now in common use.

IN-DWELL, v.

Bow down fro euel and do good; and indwelle in to the world of world (inhabita).-Wic. Ps. xxxvi. 27.

Alle the erthe drede the Lord; of hym forsothe ben togidre moued alle the indwelleris of the world. (L. V. all men enhabityng, inhabitantes.)-Id. Ps. xxxii. 8. Forsothe the body that is corrumpid greeueth the soule, wit, many thingus thenkende.-Id. Wis. ix. 15. IN-EARTH, v.

INCULP, v. (in. aug.) To blame. Fr. Inculpé. and ertheli indwellynge (inhabitatio) presseth doun the

Cot. See ACCOUP, supra.

IN-CUR, v.

He is no longer affected with a benefit than it incurs the sense.-Barrow, i. 92. Sermon viii.

IN-CURVE.

He (Sir J. Denham) was of the tallest; but a little incurvetting at his shoulders: not very robust.-Aubrey.

Age doth not rectify, but incurvate our natures, turning bad dispositions into worser habits, and (like diseases) brings on incurable vices.

Browne. Christian Morals, pt. i. § xlii.

IN-DELIBERATE.

Prayer is natural in certain cases, and we do at the mere motion of our natural spirit, and indeliberately, invoke God and heaven, to help and assist us.

Burnett. Theory of the Earth, b. ii. c. 10.

IN-DELVE, v. See DELVE.

Thanne thei yuen to hym (Jacob) alle alyen goddis that thei hadden... and he indeluede hem undur an therebynte, that is bihynde the cite of Sichem. (L. V. deluede, infodit.)-Wic. Gen. xxxv. 4. ·

IN-DIADEM, v. To place or set in a diadem. Whereto shall that be liken'd? to what gem Indiadem'd.-Southey. Madoc, § 7.

INDICT.

Upon indicted fast dayes, how extraordinary were her recesses and devotions on euery Friday.

Evelyn. Life of Mrs. Godolphin, p. 173.

Not only did she fast on dayes of indiction, and such as the Church enjoynes.-Id. Ib. p. 175.

INDIGENE. Fr. Indigene; Lat: Indigenæ, INDIGENOUS. (inde, geniti), born where they dwell, opp. to Exotic, qv.

I have frequently doubted whether it be a pure indigene or translatitious.-Evelyn, b. i. c. iv. § 8.

It is wonderful to see one creature, that is, mankind, indigenous to so many different climates.

Arbuthnot (in Todd).

INDIGENT.
By indigence of good, by right should hen ben punished.
Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. iii.

Refusing rest

Till I had seen in holy ground inearthed
My poor lost brother.-Southey. Madoc, § iii.

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Yet what thou canst attain, which best may serve
To glorify thy Maker, and infer

Thee also happier, shall not be withheld
Thy hearing.-Milton. Par. L. b. vii. v. 116.
IN-FESTER, s. See Cowper in v. Vernal.
IN-FIBULATION. Lat. Infibulare (in and fibula,

a button). Fr. Infibulation, a buttoning, buckling, or clasping together; also a ringing of the privy parts. Cot.

Infibulation of females: See in Malthus, a quotation from Abbé Raynal, On the State of the British Isles.

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IN-ECHED. Put in, inserted. See ЕKE. Skin- seil, and in his infolewinzis shal be undernome. (L.V. be

ner.

And if that I, at Loves reverence,

Have any worde ineched for the best,
Doeth therwithall right as your selven list.

Chaucer. Troylus and Cressida, b. iii. v. 1329. IN-EQUITATE, v. See EQUITATION. Lat. Inequitare, To ride on or over; to pervade.

God hath so contrived by his infinite wisdome, that matter thus or thus prepared should by a vital congruity attract proportional forms from the world of life, which is every where nigh at hand, and doth very throngly inequitate the moist and unctuous aire.

More. Philosophic Cabbala, c. ii. § 7.

IN-EXHAUSTED.

A third glass pierceth still further, still makes new dis

coveries of stars; and so forwards (i. e. with glasses of higher powers) indefinitely and inexhaustedly for anything we know.-Burnett. Theory, b. ii. c. 11.

IN-FAME, v.

Also after that he dide (fecit) with hym withoute counreprevede in his suings, in insectationibus arguetur.) Wic. Ecc. xxxii. 22.

IN-FULE, s. Lat. Infula, a band, a fillet. Thither came vnto him from Tyche and Neapolis, Embassadors and Oratours, with olive branches adorned with sacred veiles and infules (cum infulis et velamentis, b. xxv. c. 25).-Holland. Livius, p. 567.

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The whiche is only foryeuen by the infusion of the grace of God.-The Golden Legend, fo. 28, col. 3.

The Ministers (of Christ) infundeth, and poureth into all men grace, favour, remission of sins, and everlasting life?-Becon. The Castle of Comfort.

ING. The term. of our pres. part. and also of nouns substantive; but each having its own distinct Etymological origin. This pres. part. was formerly written an-de or and, en-de or end, as Lov-an-de, or Lov-en-de. Its successor Ing (Lov-ing), seems to have come from a form of the Infinitive in en-ne, or ig-enne, which with to prefixt (as to lufi-enne, to lufigenne) was equivalent to the Latin future participles. Coleridge. Zapoyla, pt. i. sc. 1. Thus, we find the Latin Venturus rendered by the

Is some knot of riotous slanderers leagued To infamize the name of the king's brother With a lie black as hell?

INFANT. See FANT. Two loves of benes and bran Y bake for my fauntes.

Piers Plouhman's Vision, v. 4368. (I shal) confermen fauntekyns.-Id. v. 8452. He tok a ionket of resshen, and glewide it with glewishe cley and with picche, and putte the litil faunt with ynne. (L. V. yong child, infantulum.)-Wic. Ex. ii. 3..

How that he lyeth in clothes narow wounde, This yonge faunte with chere ful benynge. Lyfe of our Ladye, fo. vii. c. 2. INFECT. Oust that is maad of skynne, if it were infect (L. V. corrupt, infecta) with whijt or reed wemme, it shal be demed lepre.- Wic. Lev. xiii. 49.

A. S. to com-enne, and in the English of Wiclif-To comynge. Dropping the term. ing, we now write, and so did Wiclif, To come. Dropping the prep. to, we now write, and so did Wiclif, Coming.

ING, or The term. of substantives was in comUNG. Smon use in all the Northern Dialects except the Gothic, cotemporaneously with the A. S. Wachter participal termination in ande or ende. states this use to be in forming ss. quæ actionem, aut passionem, rei significant; as Thanc-ung, gratiarum actio: Francis et Alemannis, Auch-ung, augmentatio: Ger. Saml-ung, collectio: and innumerable others, a verbis oriunda.

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