Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global WarmingBloomsbury Publishing USA, 3. 6. 2010 - 368 strán (strany) The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. |
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Strana 29
... Defense Caspar Weinberger, as well as many executives of California banks, oil companies, and military-industrial contractors. (One former president of Caltech recalls that he joined Bohemian Grove because the trustees of his ...
... Defense Caspar Weinberger, as well as many executives of California banks, oil companies, and military-industrial contractors. (One former president of Caltech recalls that he joined Bohemian Grove because the trustees of his ...
Strana 35
... defense. When that debate was over, they would turn to the environment. Seitz had railed about scientific colleagues who made “simplified, dramatic statements” to capture public attention, rather than remaining “sober,” yet in the later ...
... defense. When that debate was over, they would turn to the environment. Seitz had railed about scientific colleagues who made “simplified, dramatic statements” to capture public attention, rather than remaining “sober,” yet in the later ...
Strana 36
... Defense,. Phony. Facts,. and. the. Creation. of. the. George. C. Marshall. Institute. T. he tobacco industry was happy to have a man of Frederick Seitz's scientific stature on their side, but by the late 1980s, Seitz was aligning himself ...
... Defense,. Phony. Facts,. and. the. Creation. of. the. George. C. Marshall. Institute. T. he tobacco industry was happy to have a man of Frederick Seitz's scientific stature on their side, but by the late 1980s, Seitz was aligning himself ...
Strana 37
... . They defended the concept of SDI based on the scientific capability of the United States to build an effective defensive system against incoming Soviet missiles, and insisted that if war broke out Strategic Defense, Phony Facts 37.
... . They defended the concept of SDI based on the scientific capability of the United States to build an effective defensive system against incoming Soviet missiles, and insisted that if war broke out Strategic Defense, Phony Facts 37.
Strana 39
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Obsah
1 | |
36 | |
Acid Rain | 66 |
Whats Bad Science? Who Decides? | 136 |
The Denial of Global Warming | 169 |
The Revisionist | 216 |
Acknowledgments | 275 |
Index | 345 |
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acid rain American argued argument Assessment Atmospheric attack Bad Science Bill Nierenberg Carbon Dioxide cause CFCs chapter chlorine Cigarette claims Climate Change colleagues Committee debate defense Earth’s effects emissions Environment Environmental environmentalists experts Fred Singer Frederick Seitz free market George H. W. Bush Glantz global warming Health Heartland Institute human Ibid impact insisted IPCC issue Legacy Tobacco Documents letter Lomborg lung cancer Marshall Institute ment Naomi Oreskes National Academy nuclear winter ozone depletion ozone hole panel percent pesticides Philip Morris physicists Policy political pollution president President’s problem Protection published R. J. Reynolds Reagan regulation Revelle risk Robert Jastrow Santer scientists secondhand smoke Silent Spring SIO Archives skeptics Soviet stratosphere tion Tobacco Documents Library tobacco industry U.S. Government University Press Wall Street Journal WAN papers Washington White House William Nierenberg World York