Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global WarmingBloomsbury Publishing USA, 3. 6. 2010 - 368 strán (strany) The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers. Merchants of Doubt tells the story of how a loose-knit group of high-level scientists and scientific advisers, with deep connections in politics and industry, ran effective campaigns to mislead the public and deny well-established scientific knowledge over four decades. Remarkably, the same individuals surface repeatedly-some of the same figures who have claimed that the science of global warming is "not settled" denied the truth of studies linking smoking to lung cancer, coal smoke to acid rain, and CFCs to the ozone hole. "Doubt is our product," wrote one tobacco executive. These "experts" supplied it. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway, historians of science, roll back the rug on this dark corner of the American scientific community, showing how ideology and corporate interests, aided by a too-compliant media, have skewed public understanding of some of the most pressing issues of our era. |
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Výsledky 6 - 10 z 78.
Strana 24
... political pressure to control tobacco sales and discourage tobacco use, Reynolds's directors reported records for sales, revenues, and earnings, and the continuation of its seventy-year record of uninterrupted dividends to its ...
... political pressure to control tobacco sales and discourage tobacco use, Reynolds's directors reported records for sales, revenues, and earnings, and the continuation of its seventy-year record of uninterrupted dividends to its ...
Strana 27
... political superiority through superior weaponry, an idea that most colleagues had abandoned, but which would continue to crop up and cause conflict in the 1980s. Above all, Seitz, like his mentor Eugene Wigner (a Hungarian refugee), was ...
... political superiority through superior weaponry, an idea that most colleagues had abandoned, but which would continue to crop up and cause conflict in the 1980s. Above all, Seitz, like his mentor Eugene Wigner (a Hungarian refugee), was ...
Strana 29
... political views) than with his mostly liberal academic colleagues (who generally did not). Over the years, he had spent a good deal of time in corporate America, first as a physicist at General Electric in the 1930s, and then, for ...
... political views) than with his mostly liberal academic colleagues (who generally did not). Over the years, he had spent a good deal of time in corporate America, first as a physicist at General Electric in the 1930s, and then, for ...
Strana 32
... political system, it does not work for science, because science is not about opinion. It is about evidence. It is about claims that can be, and have been, tested through scientific research— experiments, experience, and observation ...
... political system, it does not work for science, because science is not about opinion. It is about evidence. It is about claims that can be, and have been, tested through scientific research— experiments, experience, and observation ...
Strana 36
... politics had deep roots. Like nearly every American physicist of his generation, he grew up alongside the nuclear weapons programs, watching the national security state build his science as his science helped to build the national ...
... politics had deep roots. Like nearly every American physicist of his generation, he grew up alongside the nuclear weapons programs, watching the national security state build his science as his science helped to build the national ...
Obsah
1 | |
36 | |
Acid Rain | 66 |
Whats Bad Science? Who Decides? | 136 |
The Denial of Global Warming | 169 |
The Revisionist | 216 |
Acknowledgments | 275 |
Index | 345 |
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acid rain American argued argument Assessment Atmospheric attack Bad Science Bill Nierenberg Carbon Dioxide cause CFCs chapter chlorine Cigarette claims Climate Change colleagues Committee debate defense Earth’s effects emissions Environment Environmental environmentalists experts Fred Singer Frederick Seitz free market George H. W. Bush Glantz global warming Health Heartland Institute human Ibid impact insisted IPCC issue Legacy Tobacco Documents letter Lomborg lung cancer Marshall Institute ment Naomi Oreskes National Academy nuclear winter ozone depletion ozone hole panel percent pesticides Philip Morris physicists Policy political pollution president President’s problem Protection published R. J. Reynolds Reagan regulation Revelle risk Robert Jastrow Santer scientists secondhand smoke Silent Spring SIO Archives skeptics Soviet stratosphere tion Tobacco Documents Library tobacco industry U.S. Government University Press Wall Street Journal WAN papers Washington White House William Nierenberg World York